HARRY FREDERICK (ISRAEL) HARLOW By: Brianna Jones
What’s his family life like? Hometown: Fairfield, Iowa D.O.B: October 31,1905 Parents: Alonzo (Lon) Harlow Israel & Mable Rock Israel Siblings: Robert Delmer Hugh
What was his family life like? Father did a lot of jobs Mother wasn’t really discussed At the age of three his brother was diagnosed with Potts disease Family had to move to New Mexico They didn’t have much money Later they returned to Fairfield, Iowa
What Harry was like when he was younger? He loved art Quite a bit of a poet Competitive “ Wanted to be famous”
College Life Reed College in Portland, Oregon Zoology course Stanford University in 1924 He started off as an English major but that ended quickly Influence of Calvin Stone, Walter Miles & Lewis Terman Animal Behaviorist and Editor of “Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology” “Moral mentor” Stanford Binet IQ Test
College Life Cont’d Dissertation - On Rats - Directed by Calvin Stone Name change - Harry Frederick Harlow - Prejudice First job offer - University of Wisconsin
Let’s take a break from Harry’s Life to look at the time era Illness was prominent -Keep the children safe John B. Watson - No “lovey dovey” stuff around here Dr. Luther Emmet Holt - Avoid staying close contact with children
The break continues Bawkin p.47 - Babies are emotional creatures Rene Spitz - Isolation from human touch and affection was destroying the children’s ability to fight infections - Love is necessary
Back to Harry Harlow’s Life University of Wisconsin - Psychology Department (Low in numbers) Junior Faculty - Had a tough time adjusting - Students kind of made teaching hard for him Eventually he got some help from one of his graduate students Clara Mears - Charter member of Terman’s study of gifted children
Harry and Clara Developed a relationship Married each other on May 7 th , 1932 - Eventually had two children - Robert ( November 16 th , 1939) - Richard (December 10, 1942) Someone had to stop working at the University - In the 1930s majority of the faculty was male
His first experiments Rat research was all that he knew But he experimented with other animals as well - Cats - Frogs *Trying to complete experiments at the university was hard because there was no lab*
His first experiments cont’d Henry Vilas Zoological Park Jiggs: Children Games (Putting the right peg into the right hole) Tommy: Finding food under cups (He had a bad temper)
Abraham Maslow Harry’s first graduate student Dissertation Hierarchy of relationships in primates
The making of 600 N. Park best known as Goon Park The wait is over , the university finally offered him an abandoned building - But there was a catch to having this building * He needed more space , so he requested to build outside cages* (1932 he was approved) He helped some of his students out in their time of need
Where is the love? Harry was too consumed with his work He lost sight of what it meant to be a part of a family Clara filed for divorce on August 14 th , 1946 Clara got custody of both children Moved to Rhode Island
Goon Park Cont’d The Wisconsin General Test Apparatus Cube shaped cage used for monkeys to solve puzzles Monkeys were able to analyze relationships between colors and shapes Monkeys did so well he wanted to compare them to humans Worked with Margaret Kuenne (Child Psychologist) Monkeys and children were about the same Harry concluded that monkeys shared analytical abilities with humans
I think he found another mate (Margaret Kuenne) Researcher Married each other on February 3, 1948 Eloped Eventually had two children Pamela Jonathan *They had a working marriage* * Margaret died in 1971 *
Time for something new Harry requested to have a new lab The University gave him an old cheese factory He recruited students to help him Harry took interest in the Indian Rhesus Macaques Cheap Easy to find Still the most used
I don’t like this process (Let’s do it my way) Harry didn’t like how long it took to get the monkeys Breeding his own Didn’t want the babies to get sick from their mothers Removed right after birth Raised in nursery When it was time to mate with other monkeys they didn’t know how to interact *The only thing that made them feel comfortable was the cloth that was put into their cages for comfort*
Contact Comfort Experiment Wire Mother vs Cloth Mother Comfort vs Food Babies prefer cloth mother Looked to wire mother for food Cloth mother was their for them when they were scared https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OrNBEhzjg8I
Pit of Despair/ Isolation Vertical Chamber Apparatus Babies isolated for 6 months -1year Lifeless Did not eat Attacked others due to being timid Learned helplessness
Coming to a close… Remarried Clara in 1972 Developed Parkinson's disease 1974 Resigned from University of Wisconsin Died December 6, 1981 http://psych.wisc.edu/primatelab/primatelabresearch.html
Discussion Questions What are some of your views on holding animals in captivity for our own 1. personal gain in finding new discoveries? Why do you think Harry was so consumed by his work and not his family, 2. especially since he was conducting experiments on affection? How do you feel about a replication of this study being done? Is it necessary? 3.
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