Group 4 Presentation Principles on (symmetry, balance, unity) (harmony, pattern, rhythm) (size, scale, dimension, proportion) By: Irene, Melissa, Shervon
Symmetry, Balance, Unity
Symmetry Is where you can fold an image at its axis of symmetry and have both halves match exactly. (Mirror Image)
Properties of a Reflective Symmetry An object that is symmetrical must have 1. At least 1 line of symmetry 2. The same perpendicular length between points from the Axis of symmetry Symmetrical Asymmetrical
Symmetry in Shapes Shapes can have more than 1 line of symmetry. 2 lines of Symmetry 5 lines of Symmetry ∞ lines of Symmetry
Properties of a Rotational Symmetry It is when at any point of time the object appears exactly like it did before the rotation. 90° 180° 120° The number of turns it can make is called the ORDER of Symmetry
Point Symmetry The central point that splits the object or shape into 2 parts. S X - Every component is the same on each side and has the same distance from the central point. - Both components face different directions
Point Symmetry VS. Reflective Symmetry The main difference is in the connection. Reflective Symmetry Point Symmetry
Symmetry in Nature Insects Animals
Symmetry in Architecture Taj Mahal, India The White House, US
Symmetry in Photography
Symmetry in Art Pottery, Ceramics Ceiling of Sheikh Lotfollah Mosque , Iran
Symmetry in Art Persian Rugs Illustrations
Balance in art refers to the sense of distribution of perceived visual weights that offset one another.
Balance... or not to balance in Art? 1. Balanced - We feel more comfortable - Therefore it feels more pleasing to the eye - Usually Symmetrical 2. Imbalanced - Some artist deliberately wants to disturb our sense of balance - Often we feel uneasy - Usually Asymmetrical
2 Types of Balance 1. Symmetrical Balance - Both sides have the same components - Identical on both sides 2. Asymmetrical Balance - Both sides are different yet components are arranged to seem balanced
2 Types of Balance 1. Symmetrical Balance 2. Asymmetrical Balance
Symmetrical Balance Usually Associated with formality, order, rationality and permanence. Contemporary Art Neoclassical Architecture Altar Piece Jan Van Eyck The Ghent Altarpiece (open). Completed United States Capitol Washington D.C. 1432. Tempera and oil on wood, approx. 11' 6" by 7' 7". Rebecca Horn , High Moon (1991) in New York Marian Goodman Gallery mixed media
Asymmetrical Balance Usually Associated with variety, visual interest and liveness. It allows more freedom and creativity - Complex vs. Simple - Shadows vs. Highlights - Heavy Texture vs. Smoother surface - Intense Colors vs. Dull Colors
Asymmetrical Balance Examples - Shadows vs. Highlights Johannes Vermeer “Woman Holding A Balance”
Asymmetrical Balance Examples - Complex vs. Simple Johannes Vermeer “Woman Holding A Balance”
Asymmetrical Balance Examples Contrapposto - Tensed(Red) vs. Relaxed(Blue) Michelangelo, David
Asymmetrical Balance Examples - Bright Colors vs. Dull Colours - An object seemingly without balance vs. Buildings that convey permanence Isamu Noguchi, Red Cube , 1968
Unity occurs when all of the elements of a piece combine to make a balanced, harmonious, complete whole
Unity and Variety Unity in an artwork creates a sense of harmony and wholeness, by using similar elements within the composition and placing them in a way that brings them all together. Variety adds interest by using contrasting elements within the composition.
Unity Can be achieved through... 1. Similarity Similar Shapes Common Pattern Use of Space Common Background
Unity Can be achieved through... 2. Colour Symbolism Colors that work together with the message
Unity Can be achieved through... 3. Shapes and Lines Organic vs. Geometric 4. Size One element is not overwhelming another to the point it’s lost
Unity Can be achieved through... 5. Fonts Unity Unity 6. Repetition Repetition of color, shape, texture or object can be used to tie a work together.
Unity Can be achieved through... 7. Continuation Using a subtle method of unifying a work involves the continuation of line, edge or direction from one area to another. Eg. Tying a page to another in at the bottom of the page
Unity Other Examples -Similar Shapes -Neutral Background Wasily Kandinsky, Several Circles (Einige Lee Gainer, Seascape Kreise), January–February 1926.
Reference (Symmetry, Balance, Unity) http://study.com/academy/lesson/what-is-rotational-symmetry-definition-examples.html http://study.com/academy/lesson/point-symmetry-definition-examples.html https://www.sophia.org/tutorials/design-in-art-balance-and-contrast https://taylors2ddjai.wordpress.com/2013/05/13/week-4-symmetrical-asymmetrical-balance/ http://study.com/academy/lesson/asymmetrical-balance-in-art-definition-design-examples.html http://emptyeasel.com/2007/12/18/what-is-contrapposto-in-art-heres-an-explanation-of-classical-contrapposto/ http://arthistory.about.com/cs/glossaries/g/u_unity.htm http://www.educ.kent.edu/community/VLO/Design/principles/unity/index.html https://www.sophia.org/tutorials/design-in-art-emphasis-variety-and-unity http://www.nhsdesigns.com/graphic/principles/unity.php
Harmony, Pattern, Rhythm
Harmony Harmony in visual design means all parts of the visual image relate to and complement each other.
Harmony Pulls the pieces of a visual image together to create a pleasing arrangement of the elements or parts of the whole
Harmony Can be achieved through... 1. Balance 2. Texture 3. Space 4. Variety of forms 5. Color 6. Movement / Rhythm
Harmony Can be achieved through... 1. Balance Involves arranging both positive and elements and negative space to create a seamless whole composition
Harmony Can be achieved through... 2. Texture St Marks Cathedral Mosaic, Venice
Harmony Can be achieved through... 3. Space Space can be used to both separate and connect elements in design
Harmony Can be achieved through... 4. Variety of forms Form emphasizes visual units, connecting parts and creating an area of attention.
Harmony Can be achieved through... 5. Colour
Harmony Can be achieved through... 6. Movement / Rhythm The flow depicted in a visual which helps direct eye movement
Pattern Pattern is an arrangement of design elements such as lines, shapes and objects, repeated in a recurring and regular arrangement.
Symbolic Uses of Pattern 1. People 2. Beliefs 3. Natural World 4. History 5. Tradition Ghanaian kente cloth - Detail of hand-woven Asante ceremonial cloth
Symbolic Uses of Pattern Maori Tukutuku panels: Purapura Whetu: Ngara Nui: Stars in the sky and Waves of People who have lived in the people in the iwi Ngatokimatawhaorua Tamaki Makau Rau
Symbolic Uses of Pattern Islamic Spiritual Air Alhambra Spain
Pattern as Decoration Yinka Shonibare Victorian Philanthropist’s Parlour , 1996-1997.
Pattern as Designs
Rhythm Rhythm is the repetition or alternation of elements, often with defined intervals between them.
Rhythm Pattern Rhythm - same elements are used but with variations
3 Types of Rhythm 1. Regular Rhythm A regular rhythm occurs when the intervals between the elements, and often the elements themselves are similar in size or length
3 Types of Rhythm 2. Progressive Rhythm A progressive rhythm shows a sequence of forms through a progression of steps
3 Types of Rhythm 3. Flowing Rhythm A flowing rhythm gives a sense of movement, and is often more organic in nature
Rhythm Can be achieved through... ● Repeating a series of elements that progressively increase or decrease in size and spacing ● Alternating dark and heavy with light and thin elements ● Repeating similar shapes or elements throughout the layout
Examples of Rhythm in Art Grant Wood: Vincent Van Gogh: Rolling fields and plains of the midwest Personal vision of the night sky
Examples of Rhythm in Art Eugène Jansson: Rhythm in an ancient Minoan fresco Rhythm of a Nordic night
Reference (Harmony, Pattern, Rhythm) https://watercolorpainting.com/staging/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/design_harmony150.jpg https://605.wikispaces.com/Rhythm http://i3.photobucket.com/albums/y76/ikky/rhythm.jpg https://www.sophia.org/tutorials/design-in-art-repetition-pattern-and-rhythm http://www.a-rain-of-frogs.com/images/89.gif https://s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/originals/7e/04/79/7e0479c2d8293c194eb8c275bfbc4b9e.jpg https://s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/236x/27/7a/48/277a48cc045837a41428320d278d89e2.jpg http://johnlovett.com/design/harmony-of-texture/ https://creativemarket.com/blog/10-basic-elements-of-design http://www.a-rain-of-frogs.com/images/87.gif
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