Ge detectors in fundamental research direct DM search search for - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Ge detectors in fundamental research direct DM search search for 0nbb decay spectroscopy Klaus Eitel KIT Center Elementary Particle and Astroparticle Physics (KCETA) Symposium of the Sino-German GDT Cooperation Tübingen, 8 April 2013 KIT – University of the State of Baden-Württemberg and www.kit.edu National Large-scale Research Center of the Helmholtz Association

credit: Hubble/NASA Fundamental research & Ge detectors What is Dark Matter? How did structures form? How did the Universe evolve? Are neutrinos (hot/warm)DM? What is the mass of neutrinos? Dirac or Majorana? credit: What´s the role of neutrinos? Planck/ESA 2 K Eitel | Symposium of the Sino-German GDT Cooperation | 08.04.2013

direct DM search refresher c diffuse DM halo within our Milky Way with ~ Maxwell-Boltzmann f(v), <v 2 > 1/2 ~270km/s 72 Ge sun  nuclear recoils at rates of <1evt/kg/year with E(recoil) ~ 1 — 100 keV 3 K Eitel | Symposium of the Sino-German GDT Cooperation | 08.04.2013

direct DM search refresher EDW-II PLB 702 ,5 (2011) 329 + PRD 86 , 051701(R) (2012) not all experiments shown!! EDW-II & CDMS PRD 84 (2011) non-SUSY “new” light DM <1evt/kg/d DAMA/LIBRA EPJ C56 (2008) CoGeNT PRL 106 (2011) E recoil <1keV CRESST II 2 s EPJ C 72 (2012)1971 CRESST II 1 s EPJ C 72 (2012)1971 CDMS Science 327 , 1619 (2010) + Low E, PRL 106 (2011) XENON100 PRL 107 (2011) XENON100 PRL 109 , 181301 (2012) Buchmüller et al, 2011 Bertone et al, 2011 past-LHC SUSY-DM requirements: <10 -4 evt/kg/d  low thresh E recoil ~ 10-100keV  low bgd  discrimination power  reliability  mass production 4 K Eitel | Symposium of the Sino-German GDT Cooperation | 08.04.2013

DM search with PPC HPGe detectors  CoGeNT 440g PPC @Soudan (2100mwe) with rise time discrimination fast slow ( t =0.22µs) ( t =1.53µs) C. Aalseth etal., arXiv:1002.4703v1 C. Aalseth etal., arXiv:1208.5737 5 K Eitel | Symposium of the Sino-German GDT Cooperation | 08.04.2013

DM search with PPC HPGe detectors  CoGeNT low-energy spectrum after all cuts, prior to efficiency corrections fast slow ( t =0.22µs) ( t =1.53µs) C. Aalseth et al., arXiv:1002.4703v1 (PRL106:131301,2011) 6 K Eitel | Symposium of the Sino-German GDT Cooperation | 08.04.2013

DM search with PPC HPGe detectors  CoGeNT PRL107 (2011) 141301 noise t(shape)=10µs m c =7(10)GeV, s SI =10 -4 pb threshold cnt rate (%) 0.5 — 0.9 keV ee cosmogenics 7 K Eitel | Symposium of the Sino-German GDT Cooperation | 08.04.2013

DM search with PPC HPGe detectors  CoGeNT C. Aalseth etal., arXiv:1208.5737 20% ionisation quenching in Ge 442 days 8 K Eitel | Symposium of the Sino-German GDT Cooperation | 08.04.2013

DM search with PPC HPGe detectors C. Aalseth etal., arXiv:1208.5737  CoGeNT counts/807days evts after all cuts (27 months @ SUL) bulk surface simulation of bulk ( t =325ns) and surface ( t =2µs) events J. Collar, IDM2012, Chicago 9 K Eitel | Symposium of the Sino-German GDT Cooperation | 08.04.2013

DM search with PPC HPGe detectors  TEXONO 926g(840g fid ) PPCGe@Kuo-Sheng Reactor Neutrino Laboratory 39.5 kg.d S. Lin et al, arXiv:0712.1645 S. Lin et al, PRD79:061101,2009 10 K Eitel | Symposium of the Sino-German GDT Cooperation | 08.04.2013 H. Li et al., arXiv:1303.0925

DM search with PPC HPGe detectors  CDEX China Jin-Ping Underground Laboratory (CJPL) CDEX-1 (running since 11/2010): 20g (4x5g) ULEGe &1kg-PPCGe (Canberra)  spectroscopy with 709g HPGe CDEX-10 (MC & design study): 10kg PPCGe surrounded by LAr active shielding counts counts 20g ULE 1kg PPC 1kg PPC K. Kang et al., arXiv:1303.0601 11 K Eitel | Symposium of the Sino-German GDT Cooperation | 08.04.2013

DM search with cryogenic HPGe detectors c 20% ionisation 72 Ge quenching combination of in Ge ionisation (charges)  bgd discrimination and heat (phonons)  energy measurement requires T~10-50mK ! 12 K Eitel | Symposium of the Sino-German GDT Cooperation | 08.04.2013

DM search with cryogenic HPGe detectors  EDELWEISS c scattering with energy deposit E R leads to D T read out via thermometer  detector with small V . C V needed Thermometer heat E ~ 10 keV ee heat: D T=1.3µK; D U=1µV t rise ~10µs-10ms; t fall ~100ms R(NTD)[ W ] c Ge-NTD in EDW ion. typical parameters: E = 3V/cm T op = 20mK m = 400g (d=20mm; r=35mm) C=VC V ~ 1nJ/K @ T op G ~ 5nW/K thermal link to heat bath T[K] 13 K Eitel | Symposium of the Sino-German GDT Cooperation | 08.04.2013

DM search with cryogenic HPGe detectors  EDELWEISS 1 st generation  Heat measurement (NTD sensor) GeNTD  E recoil ≈ E h (after NL correct.) 320g  Ionization measurement @ few V/cm all planar electrodes  n-type HPGe  |N a -N d | < 10 10 cm -3 2 nd generation ID400  dislocations (EPD) ~2000/cm 2 * ID400g *measured via cosmogenic g lines 14 K Eitel | Symposium of the Sino-German GDT Cooperation | 08.04.2013

DM search with cryogenic HPGe detectors  EDELWEISS g calibrations with 133 Ba n calibrations with AmBe more than 350.000 g ´s 90% CL signal region g suppression factor 3x10 -5 0.18 from <10 to 200keV Q = 0.16 E r 1 ”NR” for every 30k g ´s (20-200keV) (detection efficiency below 20keV) P. Di Stefano et al., ApP14 (2001) 329; O. Martineau et al., NIMA 530 (2004) 426 ; A. Broniatowski et al., PLB 681 (2009) 305 15 K Eitel | Symposium of the Sino-German GDT Cooperation | 08.04.2013

DM search with cryogenic HPGe detectors  EDELWEISS g calibrations with 133 Ba rejection of surface events b : 6x10 4 Before rejection b : 6x10 4 ( 210 Pb) ( 210 Bi) a : 6x10 4 210 Po After rejection 0 b -equivalent more than 350.000 g ´s to 3x10 4 kgd g suppression factor 3x10 -5 1 ”NR” for every 30k g ´s (20-200keV) P. Di Stefano et al., ApP14 (2001) 329; O. Martineau et al., NIMA 530 (2004) 426 ; A. Broniatowski et al., PLB 681 (2009) 305 16 K Eitel | Symposium of the Sino-German GDT Cooperation | 08.04.2013

DM search with cryogenic HPGe detectors  EDELWEISS 2. generation ID detectors with lateral planar electrodes 400g cylindrical ID detector 6 “NR evts ” in 350.000 gamma calib evts 17 K Eitel | Symposium of the Sino-German GDT Cooperation | 08.04.2013

DM search with cryogenic HPGe detectors  EDELWEISS 3. generation: FID detectors with rings on all surfaces g -calibration with 133 Ba (411663 g ´s) A B A B A B A B A B A B NTD1 ionization yield preliminary A B A B 75% fiducial D C D C NTD2 C D C D C D C D C D C D 800g total mass ~600g fiduc. mass no “NR evts ” in >400.000 g calib evts recoil energy (keV) 18 K Eitel | Symposium of the Sino-German GDT Cooperation | 08.04.2013

DM search with cryogenic HPGe detectors  EDELWEISS charge migration (simulation including combined effects of impurity scattering and electron transport anisotropy) N scatt = 1.5x10 10 cm -3 V a = 1V small external electric field to avoid re-heating A. Broniatowski, LTD14, Heidelberg, 2011 (Neganov-Luke effect) E. Olivieri et al., J of Low Temp Phys (2012) 19 K Eitel | Symposium of the Sino-German GDT Cooperation | 08.04.2013

DM search with cryogenic HPGe detectors  EDELWEISS 60keV electron collection pattern n-type, |N d -N a |<10 10 /cm 3 +V a = +V b = +V c = +V d = +V g = -V h |N d -N a |=10 11 /cm 3 amplitude (norm.) MC collimated 241 Am g source along detector axis (60keV) ABABA V P (V) A. Broniatowski, LTD14, Heidelberg, 2011 CDCDC E. Olivieri et al., J of Low Temp Phys (2012) 20 K Eitel | Symposium of the Sino-German GDT Cooperation | 08.04.2013

DM search with cryogenic HPGe detectors  EDELWEISS-3 Muon intensity, m -2 sr -1 y -1 5µ/m 2 /d Modane (4800mwe) Background EDW-2 EDW-3 (20 – 200 keV) (evt / kg.d) (evt / kg.d) gamma rate 14 – 44 04/2013: 15 FID800 installed; 82 (before Q-rej.) commissioning & calibration ongoing (2.6 - 8.1)∙10 -3 (0.8 – 1.9)∙10 -4 ambient  40 FID800 (~25kg fid.) by 10/2013 mainly due to cables neutrons  ~10.000 kg.d ≡ s si =2 10 -45 cm 2 and connectors 22 K Eitel | Symposium of the Sino-German GDT Cooperation | 08.04.2013

DM search with cryogenic HPGe detectors  Super-CDMS 15 ultra-pure Ge crystals : 76 mm x 25 mm (3” x 1”), 0.6 kg 4x2 high sensitivity phonon channels : each quadrant 2x2 charge channels : outer ring, inner disc operating at T ~ 50 mK charge electrode phonon TES rail iZIP: interleaved Z-sensitive Ionization and Phonon detectors surface events  show up on one detector side only  have fast phonon signal 23 K Eitel | Symposium of the Sino-German GDT Cooperation | 08.04.2013

DM search with cryogenic HPGe detectors  Super-CDMS effective and fast phonon read-out (t rise ~5µs) surface evts ≡ fast evts ionisation yield g ´s/electrons top surface evts bottom neutrons timing parameter [µs] RoI 24 K Eitel | Symposium of the Sino-German GDT Cooperation | 08.04.2013

DM search with cryogenic HPGe detectors  Super-CDMS 210 Pb  (63.5keV ß-) 210 Bi  (1.17MeV ß-) surface rejection tests using 210 Po  (5.3MeV a ) implanted 210Pb on Si wavers 206 Pb (105 keV recoils) surface rejection requirements: surface event leakage to <2x10 -5 at 90% CL  25 K Eitel | Symposium of the Sino-German GDT Cooperation | 08.04.2013