GAMMA-A Galileo Receiver for Mass Market Applications in the - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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GAMMA-A Galileo Receiver for Mass Market Applications in the - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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GAMMA-A Galileo Receiver for Mass Market Applications in the Automotive Area Project Outcomes Project Outcomes 31.08.2011 31.08.2011 The The The The 4 2 5 4 2 5 4 2 5 4 2 5 4 2 5 Company Ltd Company Ltd Company Ltd Company Ltd

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GAMMA-A

The

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Company Ltd The

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Company Ltd The

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Company Ltd

Galileo Receiver for Mass Market Applications in the Automotive Area

Project Outcomes Project Outcomes

31.08.2011 31.08.2011

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GAMMA-A – Project Outcomes 31/08/2011 2

  • Project Overview
  • Motivation
  • Applications and Requirements
  • System Overview
  • Core Technologies (excerpt)

– Acquisition and tracking – Assisted and differential GNSS – Signal authentication – Multipath mitigation – Real-time kinematic technology

  • Receiver Development
  • Conclusion and Outlook

Outline

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GAMMA-A – Project Outcomes 31/08/2011 3

  • Contributes to the future market introduction of Galileo

services and products in automotive applications

  • Designed, developed, and tested a new 3-frequency

Galileo/EGNOS/GPS satellite navigation receiver prototype

  • Analysed potential solutions featuring future automotive

applications

  • Addressed new challenging applications in secondary

domains e.g. rail, maritime, emergency services, and demanding location based services (LBS)

3

Project Overview Applications and Requirements System Overview Core Technology Receiver Development Conclusion

Objectives of the Project

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GAMMA-A – Project Outcomes 31/08/2011 4 GAMMA-A – Project Outcomes

  • Project Coordination
  • Receiver Hardware Development
  • Receiver Integration
  • Development of PVT software
  • Development of fusion and

mitigation algorithms

  • Dissemination, webpage
  • Definition of Application Scenarios &

User Requirements

  • Communication Link
  • Dissemination
  • Quality Management
  • Research on RTK solution for

automotive environment

  • Tracking Algorithms Analysis for

CBOC/TMBOC/AltBOC Signals

  • Development of Highly Integrated RF

Front End ASIC

  • Development of Fast and

Sensitive Acquisition Algorithms

  • Market and Business Study
  • Antenna Design
  • Development of Antenna

Prototype

  • Assisted and Differential GNSS
  • Communication & Broadcasting

Strategies

  • Analysing Position Authentication
  • Counter Signal Spoofing Technique

The

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Company Ltd The

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Company Ltd The

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Company Ltd Project Overview Applications and Requirements System Overview Core Technology Receiver Development Conclusion

GAMMA-A Project Team

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GAMMA-A – Project Outcomes 31/08/2011 5 GAMMA-A – Project Outcomes 5 GAMMA-A

(L1/L5/E5 GPS/EGNOS/GALILEO Receiver)

WP 5300 Specification of Verification and Test OCN WP 5200 Integration of Functional Receiver

  • n a FPGA Platform

FhG-IIS WP 2100 Application Scenarios OCN WP 2200 User Requirements OCN

WPG 2000

Identification of Market Segment OCN WP 6100 Test & Validation Planning VW/OCN WP 3100 Correlation & Tracking of CBOC & TMBOC EPFL WP 3200 Low Cost Receiver Integration FhG-IIS

WPG 3000

Core Technology Development IMST WP 3300 Highly Integrated Dual Frequency Frontend IMST WP 3400 Fast & Sensitive Acquisition and Reacquisition UniBO

WPG 4000

Development of Receiver Prototype FhG-IIS WP 4300 ASIC Design of L1 & L5/E5a & E5b Low Noise RF- Frontends IMST WP 4500 Digital Baseband Processing (Low Implementation Losses) FhG-IIS WP 4800 Robust PVT Solution (Dual Frequency, Multi-Standard) TCA WP 4400 RF Frontend Module IMST WP 4510 Fast & Sensitive Acquisition Module FhG-IIS

WPG 6000

System Integration & Test OCN OCN WP 6300

  • Appl. Development

WPG 5000

Integration and Validation of GNSS Prototype Receiver FhG-IIS WP 5400 Receiver Integration & Test FhG-IIS

WPG 1000

Project Management FhG-IIS WP 2300 Study of relevant Mass Market Segments 425Co TPI WP 6700 Dissimination WPG 1100 Project Management FhG-IIS WPG 1200 Quality & IP Management TPI WP 2400 Development of adaquate Business Models 425Co WP 3600 Fast & Robust RTK Solution inP WP 3710 Assisted & Diff. GNSS TAS-F WP 4200 Integrated Dual Frequency Antenna Design Bosch WP 4520 Robust Tracking Module FhG-IIS WP 4600 Processor Module (SoC) FhG-IIS WP 4700 RTOS & System Software FhG-IIS FhG-IIS WP 6200 Terminal Integration OCN WP 6500 Test & Validation Campaign WP 5100 Receiver Integration Planning FhG-IIS WP 3900 Multipath & Interfer- ence Cancellation TCA/UniBO WP 4100 Definition of System Architecture FhG-IIS WP 3810 Signal Authentication & Integrity (GNSS) TAS-F WP 3500 Dual Frequency Based Ionospheric Corrections TCA WP 3820 Assessment of the position authentication TAS-F WP 3510 INS Coupling TCA OCN WP 6400 Integration in Car Platform TAS-F WP 6600 Assisted & Diff. Data Server WP 3720 Communication & Broadcasting Strategies TAS-F

Project Overview Applications and Requirements System Overview Core Technology Receiver Development Conclusion

Work Breakdown Structure

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GAMMA-A – Project Outcomes 31/08/2011 6

  • Automotive industry demands:

– High accuracy, reliability, integrity and continuity – Low cost

  • Only high priced receivers available

– Costs as much as a middle class car

  • But automotive market is mass market

– Chance to start ASIC-development

Project Overview Applications and Requirements System Overview Core Technology Receiver Development Conclusion

Motivation

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GAMMA-A – Project Outcomes 31/08/2011 7

  • Automatic driving
  • Lane departure warning
  • Automatic lane keeping
  • Green driving
  • Service- / E-Call
  • Ghost driver emergency

stop

  • Along track guidance

Project Overview Applications and Requirements System Overview Core Technology Receiver Development Conclusion

Applications

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GAMMA-A – Project Outcomes 31/08/2011 8

E-Call Ghost driver Emergency stop Automatic driving Green driving Accuracy 20 m 1 m 0,2 m 2 m Authentication X X Integrity X X X Continuity 310-5 510-4 510-4 310-5 Update rate 1 Hz 1 Hz 10 Hz 1 Hz Acquisition Cold Hot 15 s 15 s 10 s 10 s 5 s 1 s 5 s 5 s

Project Overview Applications and Requirements System Overview Core Technology Receiver Development Conclusion

Requirements

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GAMMA-A – Project Outcomes 31/08/2011 9

  • Study of relevant mass

market segments – Prediction of market – Business drivers

  • Development of

adequate business models – Estimate costs and prices – Business viability

  • All applications viable
  • Total business very large
  • Significant competition in some applications
  • Transfer of technology planned

– Sensitivity analysis

Project Overview Applications and Requirements System Overview Core Technology Receiver Development Conclusion

Business Models and Market Segments

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GAMMA-A – Project Outcomes 31/08/2011 10 GNSS Signal Carrier Frequency [MHz] Modulation Required Bandwidth [MHz] GPS L1 C/A 1575.42 BPSK(1) 2 EGNOS 1575.42 BPSK(1) 2 Galileo E1 bc 1575.42 CBOC(6,1,1/11) 14 Galileo E5a 1176.45 BPSK(10) 24 GPS L5 1176.45 BPSK(10) 24 Galileo E5b 1207.14 BPSK(10) 24

Project Overview Applications and Requirements System Overview Core Technology Receiver Development Conclusion

System Overview: Signals

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GAMMA-A – Project Outcomes 31/08/2011 11 Frequency Selection Combined L1/E5 antenna

Project Overview Applications and Requirements System Overview Core Technology Receiver Development Conclusion

System Overview: Schematic

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GAMMA-A – Project Outcomes 31/08/2011 12

Acquisition

  • Code Acquisition is notoriously the basic operation in all GNSS

applications

  • Directly impacts on the Time To Fix and on the system QoS
  • Goal: Identify the Code Epoch (τ) and the Frequency Offsets (fe) of a

specific satellite signal

  • Uncertainty Region (UR) is discretized into Time Slots Δτ

, and the frequency domain is discretized into Frequency Bins Δf:

– Two-dimensional matrix must be scanned to find Correct Hypothesis (H1 ) – A large number of Incorrect Hypotheses (H0 )

GAMMA-A – Project Outcomes 12

Project Overview Applications and Requirements System Overview Core Technology Receiver Development Conclusion

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GAMMA-A – Project Outcomes 31/08/2011 13

Acquisition

  • Two different search strategies can be defined:

– Serial search (i.e. schemes based on one or more correlators)

  • Consecutive time/frequency tests

– Parallel acquisition strategies (i.e. FFT/IFFT schemes)

  • Simultaneously tests all the possible code phases (frequency tests are

required)

GAMMA-A – Project Outcomes 13

Project Overview Applications and Requirements System Overview Core Technology Receiver Development Conclusion

Serial Search Scheme

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GAMMA-A – Project Outcomes 31/08/2011 14

Acquisition Hardware: FFT-based

Coarse Search: Fine Search GPS:

Project Overview Applications and Requirements System Overview Core Technology Receiver Development Conclusion

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GAMMA-A – Project Outcomes 31/08/2011 15

Acquisition Hardware: FFT-based

Coarse Search: Fine Search Galileo:

Project Overview Applications and Requirements System Overview Core Technology Receiver Development Conclusion

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GAMMA-A – Project Outcomes 31/08/2011 16

Tracking

  • Secondary codes on E5a/E1 CBOC overview
  • Secondary code acquisition strategies
  • Secondary code wipe-off influence on tracking
  • Collaborative data/pilot code tracking:

GAMMA-A – Project Outcomes 16

Project Overview Applications and Requirements System Overview Core Technology Receiver Development Conclusion

– Non-coherent channel combining – Coherent channel combining

  • For E5a tracking
  • For E1 CBOC
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GAMMA-A – Project Outcomes 31/08/2011 17

  • Test results E1B

– Data channel only – Data/Pilot combining:

  • pilot-only carrier tracking
  • non-coherent code

combining

  • Advantages

– Estimated Doppler and C/N0 are less noisy – Received power 3 dB higher

Project Overview Applications and Requirements System Overview Core Technology Receiver Development Conclusion

Tracking

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GAMMA-A – Project Outcomes 31/08/2011 18

satellite ionosphere

  • bservation

site geocenter earth 350km ionospheric layer

EP

ϕ

EP

λ E

N

ϕ

N

λ

s N

ρ r

Dual Freq. Ionospheric Corrections

  • Analysis of ionospheric models and

algorithms

  • Dual frequency approach for

estimation/mitigation of ionospheric effects

  • Comparison of methods and

elaboration of weighting strategies

  • Advantages: Improved

performance

  • Outcome:

Reliable algorithms and software modules for ionospheric mitigation

GAMMA-A – Project Outcomes 18

Project Overview Applications and Requirements System Overview Core Technology Receiver Development Conclusion

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GAMMA-A – Project Outcomes 31/08/2011 19

INS Coupling

  • Elaboration of mathematical

fundamentals of sensor fusion (low- cost)

  • Simulation of coupling GNSS with

various sensors (odometer, gyro, accel.)

  • Analysis of integrity concepts
  • Advantages: Increased position

availability with high integrity

  • Outcome:

Algorithms and software modules for implementation

GAMMA-A – Project Outcomes 19

Project Overview Applications and Requirements System Overview Core Technology Receiver Development Conclusion

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GAMMA-A – Project Outcomes 31/08/2011 20

RTK for Automotive Applications Challenges

  • Rapidly changing distances to „reference stations“
  • Irregular availability of raw observations
  • Due to direct car environment (obstructions, reflections)
  • Due to data link drop-outs (reference information)
  • Positioning with less than 5 satellites may be required
  • Target initialisation time: 10 seconds
  • Target position accuracy: ~0,10 m
  • Standard professional RTK approaches are failing

– Different satellite visibility for different vehicle – Frequent interruptions of signals

GAMMA-A – Project Outcomes 20

Project Overview Applications and Requirements System Overview Core Technology Receiver Development Conclusion

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GAMMA-A – Project Outcomes 31/08/2011 21

RTK for Automotive Applications

  • RTK-type concept

developed – Very short RTK initialisation times within 10 seconds with rapidly changing scenarios achieved – A demonstrator has been developed

GAMMA-A – Project Outcomes 21

  • Automotive RTK with dm-accuracies possible for

–Detection of actual lane for vehicle –Detection of manoeuvres between lanes in early stage

Project Overview Applications and Requirements System Overview Core Technology Receiver Development Conclusion

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GAMMA-A – Project Outcomes 31/08/2011 22

Assisted and Differential GNSS

  • Specification of GNSS Assistance (live and simulated)

with SUPL client integrated on receiver

  • Analysis of future SUPL 3.0, LPP include RTK and PPP

– high accuracy assistance

GAMMA-A – Project Outcomes 22

Project Overview Applications and Requirements System Overview Core Technology Receiver Development Conclusion

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GAMMA-A – Project Outcomes 31/08/2011 23

Communication & Broadcasting Strategies

  • Private Radio Networks (TETRA)

– critical review of location standards LIP, and use of SDS signaling

  • DSRC for Car2Car and Car2Infrastructure

recommendations

  • Anti-collision use case analysis with DPOS or NRTK

GAMMA-A – Project Outcomes 23

Project Overview Applications and Requirements System Overview Core Technology Receiver Development Conclusion

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GAMMA-A – Project Outcomes 31/08/2011 24

Signal Authentication

  • Threats analysis to service SoL or liability-critical

– Non-cooperative user a high threat to pay per use and regulatory infrastructure

  • Proposals for Galileo Signal Authentication

– Interleaved with unknown PRN or Watermark

GAMMA-A – Project Outcomes 24

Project Overview Applications and Requirements System Overview Core Technology Receiver Development Conclusion

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GAMMA-A – Project Outcomes 31/08/2011 25

Simulation on Fraud & Signal Authentication

  • Study of critical services requirement
  • State of the art: spoofing attacks and detection methods
  • Assessment of selected methods

– 5 driving records GPS+MEMS – Simulation of 17 indicators on 5*5 cross-checks

GAMMA-A – Project Outcomes 25

Project Overview Applications and Requirements System Overview Core Technology Receiver Development Conclusion

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GAMMA-A – Project Outcomes 31/08/2011 26

Multipath Mitigation

Dual-signal multipath mitigated solution (DSMMS)

  • Assumption: same propagation path for different

frequencies

  • Difference between ranges to same satellite is multipath

error

Project Overview Applications and Requirements System Overview Core Technology Receiver Development Conclusion

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GAMMA-A – Project Outcomes 31/08/2011 27

Position Velocity Time (PVT)

  • Development of a robust dual

frequency PVT solution tailored to the requirements of automotive applications

  • Process combined

Galileo/GPS/EGNOS L1/L5/E5 signals

GAMMA-A – Project Outcomes 27

  • Implementation dual-frequency based ionospheric

corrections

  • Mitigate multipath and interference
  • Fuse automotive sensor measurements with GNSS-based

results

Project Overview Applications and Requirements System Overview Core Technology Receiver Development Conclusion

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GAMMA-A – Project Outcomes 31/08/2011 28

GNSS Signal Generator

  • Software based

constellation and signal simulator Used for:

  • Core technology

studies

  • Test and validation

GAMMA-A – Project Outcomes 28

Project Overview Applications and Requirements System Overview Core Technology Receiver Development Conclusion

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GAMMA-A – Project Outcomes 31/08/2011 29

Antenna

  • Stacked patch structure
  • E1/E5a/b combined output
  • Simulation with HFSS
  • Prototype development

GAMMA-A – Project Outcomes 29

Project Overview Applications and Requirements System Overview Core Technology Receiver Development Conclusion

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GAMMA-A – Project Outcomes 31/08/2011 30

RF Frontend Module

  • Highly Integrated Dual Frequency Frontend

– Development of a concept for a highly integrated three frequency band (E1/E5a/E5b) low power frontend:

  • Development of specification for the frontend
  • Development of block level specification for the frontend IC
  • ASIC Design of L1&L5 E5a & E5b RF frontends

– Development of frontend IC

  • Simulation, layout and checks of

integrated circuit blocks and IC

Project Overview Applications and Requirements System Overview Core Technology Receiver Development Conclusion

  • Design of frontend module
  • Test and validation of frontend IC

and frontend module

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GAMMA-A – Project Outcomes 31/08/2011 31

Envisaged performance:

  • 0.1 m RTK
  • 1 m (95%) stand alone
  • 2 GNSS+SBAS
  • 3 Frequencies
  • 7 Signals
  • 10 Hz update rate
  • 20 Satellites in view

Project Overview Applications and Requirements System Overview Core Technology Receiver Development Conclusion

Prototype Receiver

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GAMMA-A – Project Outcomes 31/08/2011 32

Envisaged performance:

  • 0.1 m RTK
  • 1 m (95%) stand alone
  • 2 GNSS+SBAS
  • 3 Frequencies
  • 7 Signals
  • 10 Hz update rate
  • 20 Satellites in view

Project Overview Applications and Requirements System Overview Core Technology Receiver Development Conclusion

Prototype Receiver

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GAMMA-A – Project Outcomes 31/08/2011 33

Test and Validation Campaign

Differences in meter between GAMMA-A GPS solution and reference solution Differences in meter between GAMMA-A fusion solution and reference solution

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GAMMA-A – Project Outcomes 31/08/2011 34

Test and Validation Campaign

  • Laboratory Tests

– Testing the performance

  • f the GAMMA-A

receiver using a GNSS Simulator

GAMMA-A – Project Outcomes 34

  • Field Tests

– Installation of the GAMMA-A receiver in a vehicle – Testing the performance of the GAMMA-A receiver for automotive applications under automotive conditions

Project Overview Applications and Requirements System Overview Core Technology Receiver Development Conclusion

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GAMMA-A – Project Outcomes 31/08/2011 35

GENEVA – Addresses two collision avoidance use cases

  • Stop line assistance
  • Left turn assistance

– Takes advantage of satellite navigation, environment perception, and extended digital maps http://www.geneva-fp7.eu/

Project Overview Applications and Requirements System Overview Core Technology Receiver Development Conclusion

Outlook

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GAMMA-A – Project Outcomes 31/08/2011 36

ASPHALT – High precision applications in:

  • Road construction
  • Fleet management and logistics

in the construction just-in-time process chain

http://www.asphalt-fp7.eu

Project Overview Applications and Requirements System Overview Core Technology Receiver Development Conclusion

Outlook

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GAMMA-A – Project Outcomes 31/08/2011 37

  • GAMMA-A received funding from European Union

under 7th Framework Programme

  • Grant Agreement No. 228339 of

DG Enterprise and Industry

Acknowledgement

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GAMMA-A

The

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Company Ltd The

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Company Ltd The

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Company Ltd The

4 2 5 4 2 5

Company Ltd

Contact Contact

Dipl.-Ing. Matthias Overbeck Fraunhofer Institute for Integrated Circuits (IIS) Department Power Efficient Systems Nordostpark 93, 90411 Nürnberg, Germany

  • verbeck@iis.fraunhofer.de

www.iis.fraunhofer.de