Presentation Overview • Introduction Dealing with Pedestrian • Cape Town Freeway Management System (CT FMS) Activity on Cape Town’s 1. Overview Freeways 2. Incident data collection - Results 3. Pedestrian activity study - Results 4. CCTV Footage usage ICTCT Workshop Alcohol and drugs • Way forward Effects on traffic safety, not least for pedestrians • Questions ??? Stellenbosch, South Africa, on 4 th , 5 th April 2013 Presented by Randall Cable Pr Eng SANRAL Introduction Introduction South Africa 2011 Pedestrians • 13 802 Fatalities (RTMC) Drivers Pedestrians 33% Drivers, 4678, 34% 29% 4066, 30% – Drivers: 3 983 – Passengers: 5 205 Passengers, Passengers – Pedestrians: 4 614 5023, 36% 38% SADC Region : +/- 63 000 Road Fatalities per year Other 1% Drivers/Passeng ers Vehicles 45% Pedestrians 50% Motor cyclists Cyclist 1% 3% R300 Freeway Introduction Introduction
1. Overview of the CT FMS Introduction • Background to FMS • Historically Road Authorities focused only on infrastructure to meet growing traffic needs • Shift towards Network Management and Operations • Technology to Optimize use of the Network • Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) • Freeway Management System (FMS) How can the CT FMS help to better understand pedestrian accidents and activity on Cape Town’s freeways? 1. Overview of the CT FMS ..cont 1. Overview of the CT FMS ..cont • First FMS deployed on 20 km section of Ben Schoemann Highway and launched by Minister of Transport in 2006 • Since then; – Expanded in Gauteng +/- 220 km – KZN +/- 100 km – Western Cape +/- 155 km 1. Overview of the CT FMS ..cont 1. Overview of the CT FMS ..cont Extent of CT FMS? Cape Town FMS N7 N1 N1 N7 R300 R300 N2 N2 T2 Arterial T2 Arterial N2 N2 154 km
Full CCTV coverage 1. Overview of the CT FMS ..cont How does FMS works ? Real – time traffic data CCTV Surveillance Information Information is processed Dissemination FMS Operations Centre Approx. 230 CCTV Cameras With Pan, Tilt and Zoom Functions 1. Overview of the CT FMS ..cont 1. Overview of the CT FMS ..cont Benefits of FMS Data Benefits • Benchmarking and Improving on Incident Reduce length of Incident Timeline Management Systems – E.g. Accurate Measurement of Response Times for Emergency Vehicles – Accurate and comprehensive data collection Life Minimise Road – Video Archives useful Training Material, Death User Costs Debriefings Accident Accident Emergency Traffic flow Arrive on Leave happens reported Services back to scene scene --- dispatched normal Traffic flow Incident Timeline disrupted 1. Overview of the CT FMS ..cont 1. Overview of the CT FMS ..cont • Operators 24/7 365 System Reliability – 80% of incidents detected by them first. Incident Detection
2. CT FMS Incident data collection ..cont 2. CT FMS Incident data collection Data: Accidents Total number of Incidents per Type May 2010 to February 2013 19 2. CT FMS Incident data collection ..cont 2. CT FMS Incident data collection ..cont Number of Accidents per Month Addressing Hotspots: Detailed information May 2010 to February 2013 250 202 200 191 184 181 183 174 173 172 171 164 161 155 No. of accidents 149 150 148 141 150 133 122 122 120 117 115 114 111 113 110 101 93 97 95 100 88 73 73 59 50 0 May-10 Nov-10 Jan-11 May-11 Nov-11 Mar-12 May-12 Nov-12 Jul-10 Sep-10 Mar-11 Jul-11 Sep-11 Jan-12 Jul-12 Sep-12 Jan-13 2. CT FMS Incident data collection ..cont 2. CT FMS Incident data collection ..cont Number of Accidents per day of week Total Number of Accidents per Freeway Section May 2010 to February 2013 May 2010 to February 2013 700 600 2000 500 1800 1600 NO. OF ACCIDENTS 400 NO. OF ACCIDENTS 1400 300 1200 1000 200 800 100 600 400 0 200 Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday 0 N1 N2 N7 R 300 M5 T2
2. CT FMS Incident data collection ..cont 2. CT FMS Incident data collection ..cont Number of Accidents per day of week Pedestrian Accident Trend Data May 2010 to February 2013 Total number of pedestrian accidents = 197 14 13 400 12 12 12 350 NO. OF PEDESTRIAN ACCIDENTS 10 10 10 10 10 300 No. of accidents 8 8 250 8 7 7 7 7 6 6 200 6 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 4 150 4 3 3 3 100 2 2 1 1 1 1 50 0 0 0 01:00 02:00 03:00 04:00 05:00 06:00 07:00 08:00 09:00 10:00 11:00 12:00 13:00 14:00 15:00 16:00 17:00 18:00 19:00 20:00 21:00 22:00 23:00 May-10 Jul-10 Sep-10 Nov-10 Jan-11 Mar-11 May-11 Jul-11 Sep-11 Nov-11 Jan-12 Mar-12 May-12 Jul-12 Sep-12 Nov-12 Jan-13 Hour of day 2. CT FMS Incident data collection ..cont 2. CT FMS Incident data collection ..cont Pedestrian Accident Trend Data Pedestrian Accident Trend Data Total number of pedestrian accidents = 197 Total number of pedestrian accidents = 197 14 25 12 NO. OF PEDESTRIAN ACCIDENTS NO. OF PEDESTRIAN ACCIDENTS 20 10 8 15 6 10 4 5 2 0 0 01:00 02:00 03:00 04:00 05:00 06:00 07:00 08:00 09:00 10:00 11:00 12:00 13:00 14:00 15:00 16:00 17:00 18:00 19:00 20:00 21:00 22:00 23:00 Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday TIME OF DAY 2. CT FMS Incident data collection ..cont 2. CT FMS Incident data collection ..cont Pedestrian Accident Trend Data Pedestrian Accident Data Need to better understand the pedestrian activity Total number of pedestrian accidents = 197 on the network 45 NO. OF PEDESTRIAN ACCIENTS 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 N1 N2 T2 N7 R 300 FREEWAY SECTION
3. CT FMS Pedestrian activity study 3. CT FMS Pedestrian activity study Crossing versus Walking Along freeways, for a 7 day survey Along 16 700 45% Crossing 20 067 55% 3. CT FMS Pedestrian activity study 3. CT FMS Pedestrian activity study 210 # pedestrians walking along a freeway , 350 509 200 per day of week, per freeway, for a 7 day survey 100 3 500 Number of pedestrians per day 3 000 50 200 2 500 Pickup / Drop 400 Off 400 2 000 Pickup / Drop N1 340 50 Off 1 500 R300 150 600 N7 450 300 1 000 600 N2 450 500 T2 2050 250 0 T2 Arterial Friday Saturday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Sunday # pedestrians walking along a 1993 freeway , per day of week, per freeway, 2300 for a 7 day survey 1800 1200 3. CT FMS Pedestrian activity study 3. CT FMS Pedestrian activity study # pedestrians crossing a freeway per day of Proportion per freeway of pedestrians week, per freeway, for a 7 day survey crossing, for a 7 day survey Number of pedestrians per day 4 000 3 500 N1 N1 777, 4% 3 000 2 258, 11% 2 006, 10% R 300 2 500 N2 N7 2 000 N2 1 500 T2 T2 1 000 6 739, 34% 8 287, 41% 500 0 N7 Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday R300
3. CT FMS Pedestrian activity study 3. CT FMS Pedestrian activity study 8000 150 • Summary Shopping Mall Dunoon 412 1131 Ability to understand the nature, location and extent of pedestrian activity can give guidance to most appropriate engineering, enforcement 100 and education interventions 24 145 150 60 200 508 300 500 T2 Arterial # pedestrians crossing a freeway , 582 per day of week, per freeway, for a 7 day 2880 1198 survey 400 1750 4. CCTV Surveillance and Footage Usage 4. CCTV Surveillance and Footage Usage • Monitor Pedestrian Infrastructure • Road Safety Campaigns • Fencing • Planning Road Safety Law • Pedestrian Bridge Surveillance Enforcement/Education R300 North, After Stellenbosch R300 SOUTH, Before Stellenbosch Arterial Arterial 4. CCTV Surveillance and Footage Usage 4. CCTV Surveillance and Footage Usage • CCTV pedestrian accident footage can provide • Pedestrian crossings : Risk taking….continued valuable insight into factors that contribute to • Group Crossing Activity pedestrian accidents on freeways • Pedestrian crossing: Risk taking • Case Four • Def. Risk: “ the appraised likelihood of a negative • Case Five outcome for behaviour" (Zuckerman, 1994) • Appraised likelihood • Case Six • Subjective • Driver Behaviour ????? • Learned experiences • Should we be teaching motorist how to • Perceived skill / ability • Knowledge of the environment behave when pedestrian are prominent • Attitude / mental state on freeways • Poor appraisal of likelihood = outcome is unknown • slow down • Case One: Experience – changing environment • Case Two: Less Experience – over estimation of • no lane changing skill / ability • Case Three: Limited knowledge, skill, experience
Way Forward • A CT FMS Steering Committee has been formed with representation from the three road authorities, traffic and emergency services. • This Steering Committee is task with identifying and addressing hazardous locations on the freeways. • The pedestrian accident and activity trend data is guiding engineering, enforcement and education interventions. • Further investigate research opportunities using CCTV footage to better under pedestrian risk taking. THANK YOU FOR YOUR Questions ??? ATTENTION ! cabler@nra.co.za
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