FLOOD MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT SERVICES IN NIGERIA BY Mrs Hadiza - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

NIGERIA HYDROLOGICAL SERVICES AGENCY (NIHSA)

FEDERAL MINISTRY OF WATER RESOURCES

PRESENTATION ON

FLOOD MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT SERVICES IN NIGERIA

BY

Mrs Hadiza Tukur

AUGUST, 2019

FL FLOOD MONITORING AND ASSE SSESSM SSMENT SE SERVICES S IN NIGERIA

Presentation Outline

1.

• 1. Introduction

2. 2. Flooding Events in Nigeria 3. 3. Activities of the Agency in Relation to Flood management in Nigeria 4. 4. NIHSA Services 5.

• 5. Other Government efforts to mitigate flood

6. 6. Challenges 7.

• 7. Needs

8. 8. Possible areas of collaboration to flood assessment and Management

NIHSA BACKGROUND

• The Nigerian Hydrological agency is one of

the major parastatal in the Federal Ministry

• f Water Resources, Nigeria.
• Established in 2010
• MANDATE:
• To provide services required for the

assessment of the the Nation’s surface and ground water resources for efficient and sustainable management of water resource

• 2. Activities of The Agency in Relation to

Flood Management in Nigeria

ü NIHSA primary function is to provide hydrological data and information on the location of water resources in time and space, their extent, dependability, quality and the possibilities

• f

their utilization and control

• n

a continuous basis. ü Flood and drought monitoring and forecasting related activities ü Operation and maintenance of stations nation-wide ü Groundwater exploration

FL FLOOD MONITORING AND ASSE SSESSM SSMENT SE SERVICES S IN NIGERIA

• 2. Activities of The Agency in Relation to

Flood Management in Nigeria

ü These activities are carried out by NIHSA through their five (5) technical departments which are:

• Engineering Hydrology,
• Hydrogeology,
• Operational Hydrology,
• Hydrogeophysics
• Hydrogeoinformatics

and a service Department (Admin and Finance)

FL FLOOD MONITORING AND ASSE SSESSM SSMENT SE SERVICES S IN NIGERIA

FLOOD MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT SERVICES IN NIGERIA

Surface Water Monitoring System

• NIHSA

access surface water resources through observation and collection of data on river discharge, stage (height) and sediment transport from its hydrological network of stations across the country.

• Nigeria has 273 hydrometric river

gauging stations (WMO recommended is 482)

• Twenty (27) are Automated

NIHSA Services

River Discharge Measurement using the Manual gauge by NIHSA Staff

NIHSA Services

Auto-Satellite DCP equipment maintenance exercise by NIHSA – Kainji Station River Discharge Measurement by NIHSA Staff

Hydrological Stations monitored by NIHSA

FL FLOOD MONITORING AND ASSE SSESSM SSMENT SE SERVICES S IN NIGERIA

Existing Network Density of Hydrological Stations in Nigeria inline with WMO recommended density

Hydrological Area (HA) Catchment Area (River Basin) Area Coverage (103Km2) Existing Network Density per HA WMO Recommended Minimum Network Density HA-1 Niger North Sokoto-Rima 135.1 44 32 HA-2 Niger Central Upper Niger, Lower Niger 154.6 47 83 HA-3 Upper Benue Upper Benue 156.5 49 73 HA-4 Lower Benue Lower Benue 74.5 31 46 HA-5 Niger South Anambra-Imo, Niger Delta 53.9 31 51 HA-6 Western Littoral Ogun-Oshun, Benin- Owena 99.3 26 71 HA-7 Eastern Littoral Cross River 57.4 22 26 HA-8 Chad Basin Chad Basin 178.5 35 100 Total 909.8 285 482

Telemetry Data Collection Platform Stations (DCPs)

FL FLOOD MONITORING AND ASSE SSESSM SSMENT SE SERVICES S IN NIGERIA

Automatic Weather observation station

The Agency Installed (15) Automatic Weather Observation Stations in 8 hydrological areas of the country to complement the Nigeria Metrological Agency’s Station for the purpose of:

ØMonitoring the effects of climate charge on water resources. ØFlood / drought monitoring ØTo replace the traditional version of the weather station

NIHSA Services

NIHSA Automatic Weather Observation system in Kabba Kogi State

FL FLOOD MONITORING AND ASSE SSESSM SSMENT SE SERVICES S IN NIGERIA

Monitoring for Environment and Security in Africa (MESA)

• The project started in June 2014 as AMESD
• The MESA station was installed in NIHSA headquarters

in 2017.

• Data from MESA station are used for flood forecasting,

early warning and modeling for Annual flood outlook

• It helps give the true picture of what happens on

vegetation and rainfall.

NIHSA Services

FL FLOOD MONITORING AND ASSE SSESSM SSMENT SE SERVICES S IN NIGERIA

MESA station at NIHSA Headquarters, Abuja

Flood Early Warning System

• NIHSA Flood Early Warning System is based on the

regular collection of Meteorological and Surface Water data to Monitor Climatic Condition and Flooding event along the river channels.

• The Flood Early Warning System is equipped with Siren

which is triggered upon a given threshold to warn the riparian communities.

• It enables the public to be warned en mass so that action

can be taken to reduce the adverse effects of flooding.

NIHSA Services

Flood Early Warning System (Cont’d)

• It reduces exposure to flooding in real time.
• NIHSA has installed Flood Early Warning System in

Three (3) locations along the major rivers in Nigeria. It is located in:

• Lokoja the confluence of River Niger and River Benue
• Jiderebode Kebbi State Entry point of River Niger

in Nigeria

• Wuro bokki entry point of River Benue

NIHSA Services

FL FLOOD MONITORING AND ASSE SSESSM SSMENT SE SERVICES S IN NIGERIA

NIHSA Flood Early Warning System

Ø Hydro-meteorological hazards and climate extremes such as (floods, drought, sand storm and dust storm, storm surge, land slide and forest fire, are increasing across the West African Region Ø The number of hydro-metrological disaster in West Africa has increased significantly since the 70s after the Sahelian drought. Ø In recent times they cause majority of loss of life and economic loses. Ø In Nigeria, hydrological extremes of flood and drought have caused loss of livelihoods and even lead to migration, crime and communal clashes.

FLOOD MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT SERVICES IN NIGERIA – ANNUAL FLOOD OUTLOOK

2. Flood Event in Nigeria

Ø In 2012 Nigeria experienced an unprecedented flood that affected about 27 states of the federation causing 400 persons death and 2 million people displaced from their houses Ø The national emergency management agency (NEMA) estimated the total amount of loses as approximately N2.29 trillion in damaged properties and agricultural product.

FL FLOOD MONITORING AND ASSE SSESSM SSMENT SE SERVICES S IN NIGERIA

Annual flood outlook

• The agency in line with its mandate among others, issue

flood and drought forecast for management

• f

hydrological hazards through Annual Flood Outlook publication

• So far it has successfully produced 7 editions.
• It records remarkable success in flood mitigation in

Nigeria through its awareness campaign

• The agency uses 2 models to simulate flood scenarios

for forecast in 8 Hydrological Areas on the basis of local government areas.

NIHSA Services

Annual flood

• utlook

(Cont’d)

The 2012 scenario have been used as a reference point (bench mark) for flood assessment The two models used by NIHSA are Geospatial Stream Flow model (GeoSFM) and Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT)

NIHSA Services

2019 Annual Flood Outlook Presentation by the Honourable Minister for Water Resources Engr Adamu

Evaluation of Previous Edition of AFO

S/N YEAR PERFORMANCE REMARK 1. 2013 70% Maiden edition 2. 2014 63% Decreasing trend 3. 2015 55% Decreasing trend 4. 2016 53% Decreasing trend 5. 2017 53% Decreasing trend 6. 2018 53% 156 331 154 257 313 319 81 69 37 118 77 172

50 100 150 200 250 300 350 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Number of LGAs Year

Predicted Occurred Linear (Occurred )

Ø The fall in the degree of manifestation of flood disaster from 2013 to 2018 is a success story arisen from positive response (proactive) measures that were put in place by government, stakeholders and the citizens.

2019 Annual Flood Outlook

2019 Flood Risk Map

Data used for the Annual Flood Outlook Includes

• Daily flow records (stage and discharge)
• Seasonal rainfall prediction(SRP by mint)
• Daily, Monthly and Yearly rainfall records
• Gridded satellitedaily rainfall data
• Daily potential evapotranspiration (PST) Based on the data

produced by Flood Early Warning System (FEWSNET)

• MESA Products such as: NDVI, Soil characteristics and

rainfall data.

NIHSA Services

Data Bank / Hydrological Modeling Center

• The objective of this project is to capture/retrieve and

maintain all previous, present and future generated hydrological data/information in our hydrological areas and water related agencies

• The

Agency developed a Web-Based Database Management System (DBMs)

• The agency also established Hydrological modeling

center (to predict and simulate flood occurrence in the country).

NIHSA Services

Data Bank / Hydrological Modeling Center

• The Agency also has a websites and social media

platform through which information can be shared with the general public and other stakeholders.

• NIHSA website www.nihsa.gov.ng
• Facebook: www.facebook.com/nihsa
• Twitter: @nihsa.ng

NIHSA Services

Flood Sensitization

• The agency embarked on sensitization immediately after

the AFO publication to provide necessary information to general public and stakeholders to reduce the effects of flooding to barest minimum.

• Post flood assessment is carried out to survey and see

which of the scenarios actually occurred.

• The Agency also collaborate with other Government

Agencies and media

• utfits

for easy information dissemination.

NIHSA Services

Flood Sensitization

• NIHSA involved the village heads of the community and sensitized

people of the community eg. There is a workshop coming up at the end of this August at Lokoja on this kind of sensitization.

NIHSA Services

• The federal government set up a presidential taskforce on

flooding and flood vulnerability areas.

• Proper funding of NEMA for evacuation of flood victims

and compensation of victims affected by the flood

• Creation of internally displaced persons camps in flood

vulnerable areas

• Annual flood outlook is also part of effort

OTHER GOVERNMENT EFFORTS TO MITIGATE FLOOD

• Funding example: In 2018 only 21 percent of NIHSA’s

total budget was released in August at the peak of the flood season

• Some of NIHSA collection platforms are vandalize which

makes data collection tedious

• Lack of adequate man power
• Lack of enough equipment for the monitoring activities

CHALLENGES

qProvision of satellite information across NIHSA’s

• perational areas.

qSatellite coverage of flooded area within NIHSA’s

• perational areas.

qInstitutional development and capacity building (training of NIHSA staff)

POSSIBLE AREAS OF COLLABORATION TO FLOOD ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT

Over the years, NIHSA has made concerted effort toward flood management and mitigation through its various activities. The Federal Government of Nigeria has also made efforts to ensure that those within the flood prone area are properly catered for. Despite the various efforts by NIHSA towards flood management in Nigeria, the agency faces some challenges such as inadequate funding, manpower, vandalization of equipment and paucity of hydrological equipment.

Conclusion