Fire Safety in Tall Building: Performance-Based Solutions Chris - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Fire Safety in Tall Building: Performance-Based Solutions Chris - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Jan 10, 2024 958 likes •1.67k views

Fire Safety in Tall Building: Performance-Based Solutions Chris Jelenewicz, P.E., FSFPE Kingdom Tower -- Jeddah Central Park Tower Philadelphia, PA One Meridian Plaza February 23, 1991 SFPE/ICC Guide Partnership SFPE/ICC Does Not

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Chris Jelenewicz, P.E., FSFPE

Fire Safety in Tall Building: Performance-Based Solutions

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Kingdom Tower -- Jeddah

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Central Park Tower

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Philadelphia, PA One Meridian Plaza

February 23, 1991

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SFPE/ICC Guide

  • Partnership SFPE/ICC
  • Does Not Define “Tall

Building”

  • Not a substitute for a

Building Code

  • Identifies challenges &

provides inside on how to address in PBD context

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Challenges

Emergency Egress Fire Resistance Smoke Control Suppression Facades Construction/Demo First Responder Issues

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Other Challenges in Guide

  • International Practices
  • Hazard & Risk Analysis
  • Integration of Building

Systems

  • System Reliability
  • Detection & Alarm
  • Commissioning
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Why PBD?

  • Evaluate designs of fire protection

measures to achieve stated

  • bjectives
  • Support alternatives to prescriptive-

based code requirements

  • Evaluate the building fire safety as a

whole

  • Prescriptive codes can stifle

innovation

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Design Fire Scenario Standard (under development)

Couples:

  • Scenario
  • Design Fire
  • Acceptance Criteria
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Design Fires

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Estimate Fire Growth Rate

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Evacuation Strategy

  • Simultaneous
  • Phased/Progressive
  • Refuge Floors/Areas
  • Sky Bridges
  • Evacuation Elevators
  • Combinations
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Based-On

  • Egress Goals
  • Occupants Characteristics
  • Building Characteristics
  • Evacuation Scenarios
  • Emergency Management Personnel
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Simultaneous Evacuation

  • Popular After 9/11
  • Discharge?
  • Stairs Only?
  • No preference to those in danger
  • High demand on stairs
  • Other Emergencies
  • Assessment of Total Evacuation Systems for Tall

Buildings (NFPA Foundation)

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Phased/Progressive Evacuation

  • Local Regulations
  • Information Age – Difficult
  • Efficient Use of Stairs
  • Evacuate Those in Danger First
  • Not Good for All Emergencies
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Refuge Floors

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Refuge Floors in Hong Kong

  • Refuge Floor 20-25 Floors
  • Fire Separations
  • 50% of Floor Dedicated to Refuge
  • Fire Safety Strategies for Supertall

Buildings in Hong Kong, W.K. Chow, Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat

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The Strand-42 floors 500 West 43rd Street February 2014-NYC York, NY

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Protect in Place

  • Refuge Areas – Residential
  • Occupant Response During a Residential

Highrise Fire, CRC Canada, Guylène Proulx

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Sky Bridge -- Petronas Towers

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Evacuation Elevators

  • Model Codes Have Provisions
  • Access for Disabled
  • Protection (Shaft, Machine Room)
  • Smoke Control
  • Back-up Power
  • Communication
  • NIST Report -- The Use of Elevators for Evacuation in

Fire Emergencies in International Buildings

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Fire Resistance

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Structural Fire Engineering

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Smoke Control

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Stack Effect

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Piston Effect

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Wind Effect

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Suppression Considerations

Pressure Zones

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Without Tank

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Express Risers

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Facades/Exterior Wall Assemblies

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Tamweel Tower, Dubai, November 2012

  • Cigarette discarded
  • nto pile of waste

materials left by workers next to building

  • 5-1/2 hr. fire duration
  • Fire spread to interior

residential units

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Marina Torch, Dubai, February 21, 2015

  • Source of ignition:

barbecue grill on 51st floor balcony

  • Fire damage extended 28

stories to top of building

  • 101 apartments damaged
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Dubai January 1, 2016

  • Address Hotel
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New York, NY Deutsche Bank Fire

August 18, 2007

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Two Career Fire Fighters Die Following a Seven-Alarm Fire in a High-Rise Building Undergoing Simultaneous Deconstruction and Asbestos Abatement—NIOSH

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  • Careful Planning/Design
  • Water Supply
  • Fire Suppression
  • Standpipe Systems
  • Egress Systems

Construction & Demolition

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Where is F/F Intervention?

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Fire Responder Issues

Command & Control Communications Building Access Operations Rooftop Helipads

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OSHA Guide

Fire Service Features

  • f Buildings and Fire

Protection Systems

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SFPE Handbook 5th Edition

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e-Book

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New Content

  • Human behavior in fire -- egress system design,
  • ccupant evacuation scenarios, combustion

toxicity, and data for human behavior analysis

  • Fire protection systems -- selection of fire safety

systems, system activation and controls, and CO2 systems.

  • Recent advances in fire resistance design
  • New chapters on industrial fire protection,

including vapor clouds, effects of thermal radiation on people, BLEVEs, dust explosions and gas and vapor explosions.

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Annual Meeting

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New Committee Structure

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Career Resources

www.SFPE.org

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Thanks to Simpson, Gumpertz & Heiger for the use of photos. Feel free to contact me at chris@sfpe.org