Feather-Yuba River Interactions and Management Implications Yuba - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Feather-Yuba River Interactions and Management Implications Yuba - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Feather-Yuba River Interactions and Management Implications Yuba Accord River Management Team 5 th Annual Symposium June 12, 2013 C ALIFORNIA S C ENTRAL V ALLEY Data Deficient Historic and Current Available Habitat Extinct Low Risk

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SLIDE 1

Feather-Yuba River Interactions and Management Implications June 12, 2013 Yuba Accord River Management Team 5th Annual Symposium

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CALIFORNIA’S CENTRAL VALLEY

Historic and Current Available Habitat

Source: NMFS 2009 2

Historic 2,183 stream miles Current 1,126 stream miles

Feather-Yuba Interactions

Data Deficient Extinct Low Risk Moderate Risk Not an Independent Population

Source: Lindley et al. 2007

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SLIDE 3

LOWER YUBA RIVER

Daguerre Point Dam and the Goldfields

3 Feather-Yuba Interactions

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SLIDE 4

Fixed Date Approach

4

CHINOOK SALMON PASSING DAGUERRE POINT DAM

Vaki Counts 2004-2010

Feather-Yuba Interactions

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SLIDE 5

5

CHINOOK SALMON PASSING DAGUERRE POINT DAM

Vaki Counts 2011

7/14

Feather-Yuba Interactions

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SLIDE 6

Variable Date Approach 2004-2005

8/1/04 100 200 300 400 500 600 3/1 4/1 5/1 6/1 7/1 8/1 9/1 10/1 11/1 12/1 1/1 2/1 3/1

  • No. of Fish

Date 2004 Chinook Salmon Passing Daguerre Point Dam Spring-run Chinook Salmon Predicted Logistic Fall-run Chinook Salmon Predicted Logistic Chinook salmon = 5,927 fish 8/24/05 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 3/1 4/1 5/1 6/1 7/1 8/1 9/1 10/1 11/1 12/1 1/1 2/1 3/1

  • No. of Fish

Date 2005 Chinook Salmon Passing Daguerre Point Dam Spring-run Chinook Salmon Predicted Logistic Fall-run Chinook Salmon Predicted Logistic Chinook salmon = 11,374 fish

6

CHINOOK SALMON

Spring- and Fall-run Differentiation

Feather-Yuba Interactions

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SLIDE 7

Variable Date Approach 2006-2007

9/6/06 50 100 150 200 250 3/1 4/1 5/1 6/1 7/1 8/1 9/1 10/1 11/1 12/1 1/1 2/1 3/1

  • No. of Fish

Date 2006 Chinook Salmon Passing Daguerre Point Dam Spring-run Chinook Salmon Predicted Logistic Fall-run Chinook Salmon Predicted Logistic Chinook salmon = 5,203 fish 9/4/07 10 20 30 40 50 60 3/1 4/1 5/1 6/1 7/1 8/1 9/1 10/1 11/1 12/1 1/1 2/1

  • No. of Fish

Date 2007 Chinook Salmon Passing Daguerre Point Dam Spring-run Chinook Salmon Predicted Logistic Fall-run Chinook Salmon Predicted Logistic Chinook salmon = 1,394 fish

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CHINOOK SALMON

Spring- and Fall-run Differentiation

Feather-Yuba Interactions

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SLIDE 8

Variable Date Approach 2008-2009

8/10/08 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 3/1 4/1 5/1 6/1 7/1 8/1 9/1 10/1 11/1 12/1 1/1 2/1 3/1

  • No. of Fish

Date 2008 Chinook Salmon Passing Daguerre Point Dam Spring-run Chinook Salmon Predicted Logistic Fall-run Chinook Salmon Predicted Logistic Chinook salmon = 2,533 fish 7/9/09 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 3/1 4/1 5/1 6/1 7/1 8/1 9/1 10/1 11/1 12/1 1/1 2/1 3/1

  • No. of Fish

Date 2009 Chinook Salmon Passing Daguerre Point Dam Spring-run Chinook Salmon Predicted Logistic Fall-run Chinook Salmon Predicted Logistic Chinook salmon = 5,378 fish

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CHINOOK SALMON

Spring- and Fall-run Differentiation

Feather-Yuba Interactions

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SLIDE 9

Variable Date Approach 2010-2011

7/6/10 100 200 300 400 500 600 3/1 4/1 5/1 6/1 7/1 8/1 9/1 10/1 11/1 12/1 1/1 2/1 3/1

  • No. of Fish

Date 2010 Chinook Salmon Passing Daguerre Point Dam Spring-run Chinook Salmon Predicted Logistic Fall-run Chinook Salmon Predicted Logistic Chinook salmon = 6,469 fish 9/7/11 100 200 300 400 500 600 3/1 4/1 5/1 6/1 7/1 8/1 9/1 10/1 11/1 12/1 1/1 2/1

  • No. of Fish

Date 2011 Chinook Salmon Passing Daguerre Point Dam Spring-run Chinook Salmon Predicted Logistic Fall-run Chinook Salmon Predicted Logistic Chinook salmon = 7,785 fish

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CHINOOK SALMON

Spring- and Fall-run Differentiation

Feather-Yuba Interactions

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SLIDE 10

Because there is no hatchery on the Yuba River, the population is composed of wild fish

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SPRING-RUN CHINOOK SALMON

Wild Population

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Feather River Hatchery

Feather-Yuba Interactions

DWR and CDFW 2009

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SLIDE 11

 Digital photography  Videography

Determination of adipose fin clips

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SPRING-RUN CHINOOK SALMON

Wild Population

Feather-Yuba Interactions

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SLIDE 12

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SPRING-RUN CHINOOK SALMON

Wild Population

Total Ad-Clipped Not Ad-Clipped 2004 8/1/04 5,927 738 72 666 2005 8/24/05 11,374 3,592 676 2,916 2006 9/6/06 5,203 1,326 81 1,245 2007 9/4/07 1,394 372 38 334 2008 8/10/08 2,533 521 15 506 2009 7/9/09 5,378 723 213 510 2010 7/6/10 6,469 2,886 1,774 1,112 2011 9/7/11 7,785 1,159 323 836 Chinook Salmon Passage Upstream of Daguerre Point Dam All Chinook Salmon Spring-run Chinook Salmon Demarcation Date

Year

500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 3,500 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

  • No. of Fish

Year

Spring-run Chinook Salmon Upstream of Daguerre Point Dam

Ad-Clipped Fish Not Ad-Clipped Fish

r2 = 0.104 P = 0.437 r2 = 0.056 P = 0.571

% Ad-Clipped 10 19 6 10 3 29 61 28

Feather-Yuba Interactions

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SPRING-RUN CHINOOK SALMON

Wild Population

  • Ad-clipped fish comprise up to

60+% of the annual run

  • Of 43 genetic samples taken

during May 2009 from upstream migrating Chinook salmon, 28 were FRFH spring-run and 15 were CV fall-run

Because there is no hatchery on the Yuba River, the population is composed of wild fish

?

Feather River Hatchery Yuba River

Feather-Yuba Interactions

Do differences in flows and temps attract fish from the Feather into the Yuba River?

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SLIDE 14

SPRING-RUN CHINOOK SALMON

Hatchery Straying - Attraction to the Yuba River

14 Feather-Yuba Interactions

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SPRING-RUN CHINOOK SALMON

Hatchery Straying - Attraction to the Yuba River

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Modeled weekly averages of daily proportions of ad- clipped phenotypic spring-run 2004-2011

  • 136 average weekly proportions

Explanatory variables

  • Weekly averages of the daily ratios of Yuba flows & temps to

Feather flows & temps

  • 10 combinations of flow and temperature attraction variables

Feather-Yuba Interactions

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SLIDE 16

R2 = 0.72 P < 0.0001

SPRING-RUN CHINOOK SALMON

Hatchery Straying - Attraction to the Yuba River

16 Feather-Yuba Interactions

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17

SPRING-RUN CHINOOK SALMON

Hatchery Straying - Attraction to the Yuba River

Differences in flows and temps attract fish from the Feather into the Yuba River

?

More Hatchery Strays

SUN MON TUE WED THU FRI SAT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31

May

Higher Yuba Flows

+

Lower Yuba Temps

=

Lower Feather Flows

+

Higher Feather Temps 4 Weeks Later

SUN MON TUE WED THU FRI SAT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

June

Feather-Yuba Interactions

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SLIDE 18

SPRING-RUN CHINOOK SALMON

Introgressive Hybridization

18 Feather-Yuba Interactions

Gene flow movement from one run into the gene pool of another by repeated back-crossing of a hybrid with one of its parental genotypes

The phenotypic spring-run Chinook salmon in the lower Yuba River actually represents hybridization

  • Between Yuba River spring- and fall-run Chinook salmon
  • With Feather River spring-run Chinook salmon
  • With Feather River fall-run Chinook salmon
  • With FRFH fall-run Chinook salmon
  • With FRFH spring-run Chinook salmon
  • Which itself represents a hybridization between Feather

River spring- and fall-run Chinook salmon

CWT Recoveries Vaki Ad-Clipped Fish NMFS & UC Santa Cruz

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SPRING-RUN CHINOOK SALMON

Lack of Reproductive Isolation

19 Feather-Yuba Interactions

Both “spring-running” and “fall-running” Chinook salmon are restricted to the lower Yuba River below Englebright Dam

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SPRING-RUN CHINOOK SALMON

20 Feather-Yuba Interactions

1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

Spring-run virtually disappeared by 1959c Straying from the Feather River and stocking from FRFHa DPD fish ladders rebuilt in 1938 – but ineffectivea Construction

  • f New

Bullards Bar 1970 – higher, colder flowsd Debris dams 1900 to 1941- intermittently blocked migration DPD fish ladders built in 1911a Englebright Dam built in 1941 Adequate DPD fish ladders built 1950-52a A remnant spring-run population persisted in the lower Yuba River as of 1991a

Extirpation and Recolonization

d YCWA et al. 2007

a CDFG 1991

b Mitchell 1992 c Fry 1961

Drought 1928-1934: high temps, likely extirpated spring-runb DPD fish ladders destroyed 1927/28a

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SLIDE 21

There is an independent, genetically distinct population of spring-run Chinook salmon in the lower Yuba River

?

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Yuba and Feather flow and temp ratios influence hatchery strays Yuba River spring-run extirpated by 1959

  • FRFH fish planted in 1970s
  • Re-colonized by FRFH

strays in 1970s Hatchery straying rates up to 61%+ No genetic differentiation between Feather and Yuba Chinook salmon Lack of reproductive isolation Introgressive hybridization

SPRING-RUN CHINOOK SALMON

Feather-Yuba River Interactions

Likely no pure ancestral genome

There is NOT an independent, genetically distinct population of spring-run Chinook salmon in the lower Yuba River

Feather-Yuba Interactions

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Reservoir Management ?

Should reservoir management consider attraction of spring-run Chinook salmon to the Feather and Yuba rivers?

FEATHER-YUBA RIVER INTERACTIONS

Management Implications/Considerations

22

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23 Feather-Yuba Interactions

FEATHER-YUBA RIVER INTERACTIONS

Management Implications/Considerations

Feather River Fish Hatchery Management ?

How do FRFH management practices affect the proportional distribution of spring-run Chinook between the Feather and Yuba rivers?

Sources: Fishery Foundation of California; California Department of Fish and Wildlife

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SLIDE 24

24 Feather-Yuba Interactions

FEATHER-YUBA RIVER INTERACTIONS

Management Implications/Considerations

ESA Consultations ?

How would ESA consultations address the fluid, intermixed populations of spring-run Chinook salmon in the Yuba and Feather rivers? How would viability or extinction risk be evaluated in river-specific spring- run Chinook salmon ESA consultations?

Source: National Marine Fisheries Service

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SLIDE 25

25 Feather-Yuba Interactions

FEATHER-YUBA RIVER INTERACTIONS

Management Implications/Considerations

NMFS Recovery Planning ?

How do fluid, intermixed populations affect the short-term and long-term recovery goals for Yuba and Feather River spring-run Chinook salmon? How would recovery of spring-run Chinook salmon populations be defined and measured in the Feather and Yuba rivers?

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SLIDE 26

26 Feather-Yuba Interactions

FEATHER-YUBA RIVER INTERACTIONS

Management Implications/Considerations

Re-introduction into Upper Yuba ?

What would be the appropriate goals of a re-introduction program? How do you address donor (source) issues?

Source: Yuba County Water Agency

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SLIDE 27

Yuba River spring-run not an independent, genetically distinct population

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FEATHER-YUBA RIVER INTERACTIONS

Management Implications/Considerations

Reservoir Management ? Feather River Fish Hatchery Management ? Re-introduction into the Upper Yuba Basin ? NMFS Recovery Planning ? ESA Consultations ?

Feather-Yuba Interactions

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CONCLUSIONS

www.yubaaccordrmt.com

M&E Program - The Next Few Years

  • Further evaluate regional population structure
  • Continue to explore in-basin and out-of-basin

influences on population dynamics

  • Final M&E Report in 2016

28

What have we learned so far?

M&E Draft Interim Report Conclusions

Draft M&E Interim Report available at:

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SLIDE 29

CONCLUSIONS

29 M&E Draft Interim Report Conclusions www.yubaaccordrmt.com

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CONCLUSIONS

30 M&E Draft Interim Report Conclusions

Implementation of the Yuba Accord…

Maintains Physical Habitat Attributes that Provide the Opportunity for “Good Condition” of Aquatic Resources and Viable Salmonid Populations in the Lower Yuba River

Is the Yuba Accord Protective of the Aquatic Resources of the Lower Yuba River?

The RMT Does Not Recommend Any Changes to the Yuba Accord Flow Schedules At This Time

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M&E Program Draft Interim Report Conclusions June 12, 2013 Yuba Accord River Management Team 5th Annual Symposium