F utur e of Wor k: Skills and Migr ation in the Middle E ast - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
F utur e of Wor k: Skills and Migr ation in the Middle E ast I nte r-Re g io na l E xpe rts F o rum o n Skills a nd Mig ra tio n in the So uth Asia -Middle E a st Co rrido r F ro ila n T . Ma lit, Jr. (Co rne ll Unive rsity ) Ge
I nte r-Re g io na l E xpe rts F
the So uth Asia -Middle E a st Co rrido r F ro ila n T . Ma lit, Jr. (Co rne ll Unive rsity ) Ge o rg e Na ufa l (T e xa s A &M Unive rsity)
Wha t a re the de mo g ra phic , e c o no mic , a nd po litic a l c ha lle ng e s tha t
impa c t g o ve rnme nts de c isio ns in re g ula ting skills a nd mig ra tio n b o th in the sho rt (c urre nt) a nd lo ng -te rm (b y 2030) in the Middle E a st re g io n?
Wha t a re
the re g io na l skill fo re c a sting insig hts in the fie lds o f c o nstruc tio n, c a re , ho spita lity b o th in the sho rt a nd lo ng te rm in the Middle E a st re g io n?
Ho w c a n the GCC a nd o the r Middle E
a st g o ve rnme nts ma na g e lo ng -te rm mig ra nt de pe nde nc y a nd c re a te e mplo yme nt fo r na tio na ls a c ro ss skill le ve ls, while simulta ne o usly c o ntro lling la b o r mig ra tio n a c ro ss se c to rs (i.e . c a re , c o nstruc tio n)?
Wha t a re so me re c o mme nda tio ns tha t will e na b le g o ve rnme nts to
re g ula te skills a nd mig ra tio n ?
E xpo 2020 & Dub a i’ s Blue Wa te r I sla nd; Qa ta r’ s Wo rld Cup 2022 & L usa il; Sa udi Ara b ia ’ s K ing do m T
Me tro ; Ba hra in’ s T he Ave nue s; K uwa it Olympic Villa g e ; Oma n’ s Ra s Al K ha r E c o -Re so rt Sur
e mplo ye rs
mplo ye rs pa y lo we r b e ne fits fo r lo w-skille d mig ra nt wo rke rs, the re fo re disinc e ntivizing the m to inve st in ne w te c hno lo g y
mplo ye rs pre fe r mig ra nt wo rke rs tha n lo c a ls due to the pe rc e ive d wo rk e thic ; lo c a ls hig hly pre fe r to wo rk in pub lic se c to r due to wa g e s a nd b e ne fits.
la b o r sho rta g e
xpe c t to c re a te 300,000 jo b s, fo r e xa mple , fo r the upc o ming UAE E xpo 2020
ilipino a nd I ndia n se rvic e wo rke rs (mo stly wo me n) a nd o the r Ara b wo rke rs, pa rtic ula rly in ma na g e ria l po sitio ns a c ro ss re ta il/ se rvic e wo rke rs. A g ro wing numb e r o f Afric a n wo rke rs ha ve a lso inc re a sing ly mo ve d to the GCC a nd o the r ME NA c o untrie s.
mplo ye rs’ pre fe re nc e fo r c a re wo rke rs (i.e . hig h de pe nde nc y, c ulture , sta tus symb o l)
diplo ma tic b a ns impo se d b y se nding c o untrie s, ha s trig g e re d I rre g ula r mig ra tio n, tra ffic king , a nd so ft immig ra tio n po lic ie s a t de stina tio n c o untrie s
L
E
xpa nsio n o f he a lth c a re fa c ilitie s in the GCC, pa rtic ula rly in the UAE a nd Sa udi Ara b ia
Inc re a sing me dic a l to urist hub in the GCC, pa rtic ula rly in the
UAE
Ma na g e ria l po sitio ns: We ste rn b a c kg ro unds F
ro ntline nurse s: F ilipino nurse s with a t le a st b a c he lo r’ s de g re e in nursing , a t le a st 3 ye a rs o f e xpe rie nc e , a nd a va lid lic e nse o f c e rtific a tio n/ lic e nse
He a lthc a re wo rke rs: F
ilipino s, India ns
ffe c ts o n c o nstruc tio n, c a re , a nd se rvic e se c to rs
po lic y to a mo re ‘ re stric tive ’ mig ra tio n po lic ie s a nd skille d/ c e rtifie d re q uire me nts in the lo ng run.
Ab usive a nd fra udule nt re c ruitme nt pra c tic e s in the Asia -GCC mig ra tio n c o rrido r
L imite d o r we a k inc e ntive s a nd ma nda te s to e nfo rc e de stina tio n c o untry e mplo ye rs to pa y re c ruitme nt c o st We a k mo nito ring me c ha nisms a nd imple me nta tio n o f b o th o rig in a nd de stina tio n c o untrie s’ re c ruitme nt re g ula tio ns/ la ws
Co rruptio ns a nd a b use s b o th in o rig in a nd de stina tio n c o untrie s
Ma ssive sub c o ntra c tua liza tio n in lo w-skille d la b o r se c to rs (i.e . c o nstruc tio n) a nd c o rruptio ns within priva te se c to r HR c o mpa nie s
F e w ra tific a tio ns o f re le va nt inte rna tio na l la b o r c o nve ntio ns b y de stina tio n c o untrie s a nd limite d e nfo rc e me nt o f na tio na l la ws
F a ir a nd e thic a l re c ruitme nt c o mpa nie s
L imite d mo b ility rig hts unde r the K a fa la Spo nso rship Pro g ra ms (i.e . pa sspo rt c o nfisc a tio n issue s)
Ca se study: T he po te ntia l b e ne fits a nd implic a tio ns o f “o ne -sto p sho p” o n mig ra nt wo rke rs in the o rig in c o untry
Mo re c o o rdina tio n b e twe e n o rig in a nd de stina tio n c o untrie s to ha rmo nize the ir skills re c o g nitio n syste ms a nd q ua lific a tio ns
Cre a te a wo rking g ro up to a lig n skills a nd q ua lific a tio n fra me wo rks b e twe e n se nding a nd re c e iving c o untrie s
L ink future e c o no mic visio ns with na tio na l la b o r ma rke t po lic ie s, pa rtic ula rly o n skills a nd mig ra tio n ma na g e me nt pla nning , to sto p la b o r ma rke t misma tc h
De fine c o mmo n la b o r a dmissio n re q uire me nts a nd de ve lo p o c c upa tio na l c la ssific a tio ns b o th a t the na tio na l a nd re g io na l le ve l; mo re da ta sha ring is c ruc ia l to a c hie ve this pro po se d o b je c tive .
Mo re dive rse c o nsulta tive dia lo g ue g o ve rnme nt a nd no n- g o ve rnme nta l dia lo g ue s a nd c o o rdina tio n
De ve lo p me c ha nisms (i.e . re g ula to ry ma nda te s o r inc e ntive s) to e nc o ura g e e mplo ye rs to a b ide b y the e mplo ye r-pa yme nt mo de l a nd wo rk with fa ir a nd e thic a l re c ruitme nt mo de ls
Re te ntio n
lo we r-skille d mig ra nts, pa rtic ula rly in the c a re e c o no my.