EZH2 Symposium
June 2014
Personalized Therapeutics The Power of Epigenetics
EZH2 Symposium June 2014 2013 Accomplishments Forward-Looking - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Personalized Therapeutics The Power of Epigenetics EZH2 Symposium June 2014 2013 Accomplishments Forward-Looking Statements This presentation contains forward-looking statements that involve substantial risks and uncertainties. All
Personalized Therapeutics The Power of Epigenetics
17 JUNE 2014
This presentation contains forward-looking statements that involve substantial risks and uncertainties. All statements, other than statements of historical facts, contained in this presentation, including statements regarding our strategy, future operations, prospects, plans and objectives of management, are forward- looking statements. The words ‘‘anticipate,’’ ‘‘believe,’’ ‘‘estimate,’’ ‘‘expect,’’ ‘‘intend,’’ ‘‘may,’’ ‘‘plan,’’ ‘‘predict,’’ ‘‘project,’’ ‘‘target,’’ ‘‘potential,’’ ‘‘will,’’ ‘‘would,’’ ‘‘could,’’ ‘‘should,’’ ‘‘continue,’’ and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements, although not all forward-looking statements contain these identifying words. We may not actually achieve the plans, intentions or expectations disclosed in our forward-looking statements, and you should not place undue reliance on our forward-looking statements. Actual results may differ materially from those indicated by such forward- looking statements as a result of various important factors, including: uncertainties inherent in the initiation of future clinical studies, expectations of expanding ongoing clinical studies, availability and timing of data from ongoing clinical studies, whether interim results from a clinical trial will be predictive of the final results of the trial or results of early clinical studies will be indicative of the results of future studies, expectations for regulatory approvals, development progress of the Company’s companion diagnostics, availability of funding sufficient for the Company’s foreseeable and unforeseeable operating expenses and capital expenditure requirements, other matters that could affect the financial performance
therapeutic candidates or companion diagnostics and other factors discussed in the "Risk Factors" section of the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 14, 2014.
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Today’s objective is to convey our growing understanding of EZH2’s important role in germinal center B-cell maturation and lymphomas and the corresponding expanding opportunities for EZH2 as a therapeutic target
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Topic Speaker
Robert Gould, Ph.D., Chief Executive Officer
Robert Copeland, Ph.D., Chief Scientific Officer
Modalities Heike Keilhack, Ph.D., Director, Biological Sciences
and Follicular Lymphoma Eric Hedrick, M.D., Chief Medical Officer
Expanded Opportunity Jason Rhodes, President and Chief Financial Officer
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Biopharmaceutical company creating personalized therapeutics for patients with genetically defined cancers
n diagnostics
(HMTs), a 96-member class of epigenetic enzymes that drive cancers & other diseases
– EPZ-5676 DOT1L inhibitor (demonstrated objective responses in adult Phase 1 dose escalation) – EPZ-6438 EZH2 inhibitor (Phase 1/2 ongoing)
and Roche
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Oncogenic HMT
Misregulated gene expression
Disease
gene expression
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Lysine Methyl Transferases (KMTs) Arginine Methyl Transferases (RMTs)
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Lysine Methyl Transferases (KMTs) Arginine Methyl Transferases (RMTs)
DOT1L PRDM14 SMYD3 SUV39H1 WHSC1 WHSC1L1 EHMT2 EZH2 MLL NSD1 CARM1 MLL4 PRMT5
Modified from: Copeland 2011 Drug Discov. Today Ther. Strat. Copeland 2013 Clinical Cancer Research
SETDB1 SMYD2 SETD2 PRMT2 PRMT3 PRMT1 PRMT8 PRMT6 PRMT7 NSUN2
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Lysine Methyl Transferases (KMTs) Arginine Methyl Transferases (RMTs)
DOT1L: MLL-r AML, ALL PRDM14: Breast SUV39H!: Colon SETDB1: Melanoma SMYD2: Esophageal Squamous SETD2: Clear Cell Renal Carcinoma NSUN2: Breast WHSC1: Multiple Myeloma WHSC1L1: Lung, Breast NSD1: AML SMYD3: Breast, Liver, Colon, Gastric EZH2: NHL, INI1, Breast, Prostate, Colon, Gastric, Bladder, Liver, Melanoma MLL4: Pancreatic, Glioblastoma MLL: Leukemia EHM2: Lung, Prostate, HCC CARM1: Breast, Prostate PRMT: ALL, Glioblastoma, Ovarian PRMT: Lymphoma
Modified from: Copeland 2011 Drug Discov. Today Ther. Strat. Copeland 2013 Clinical Cancer Research
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Genetic Alteration Genetic Locus HMT Affected Effect Clinical Indication Chromosomal Translocation t(X;18) EZH2 Altered methylation
Synovial Sarcoma (11q23) DOT1L Ectopic recruitment MLL-r t(5:11) NSD1 Increased expression of HOX genes AML t(4:14) NSD2 Overexpression Multiple Myeloma t(8:11) NSD3 Novel fusion protein AML Point Mutations EZH2 EZH2 Altered methylation
Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL) Follicular Lymphoma (FL) MLL2 MLL2 Altered methylation
Germinal Center- Derived B-cell Lymphoma Chromosome Deletion 22q EZH2 Altered methylation Malignant Rhabdoid Tumor (MRT)
Modified from: Copeland 2011 Drug Discov. Today Ther. Strat. Copeland 2014 In Press
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patient populations
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differentiation/maturation in humoral immunity
hypermutation (SHM) and isotype switching
GC reaction and normal B- cell maturation
lymphomagenic genetic alterations
seen in all GC-derived lymphoma subtypes, mutant and wild type
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– Occurs in secondary lymphoid (e.g., spleen) follicles – During reaction B-cells undergo somatic hypermutation and isotype switching – Product of reaction is repertoire of B-cells with high affinity for specific antigens
checkpoints
– Accomplished by developing transcriptionally repressed state – EZH2 and BCL6 are highly upregulated to suppress cell cycle check points and proapoptotic responses – EZH2 regulates (silences) bivalent genes involved in B-cell differentiation and maturation (e.g., CDKN1A, PRDM1, IRF4) – Creates physiological state of high mutagenesis rate - can lead to aberrant mutations that favor lymphomagenesis
– Follicular Lymphoma (FL) – GCB Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma (GCB DLBCL) – Burkitt’s Lymphoma – Activation of EZH2, BCL6 and BCL2 seen in all of these GC-derived lymphoma subtypes
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– Simultaneously H3K4me3 and H3K27me3
– H3K4me3 activates transcription – H3K27me3 suppresses transcription
– Depends on relative abundance of each mark – Affected by changes in expression of EZH2 and H3K4 HMTs (e.g., MLL2) during normal B-cell maturation – Affected by genetic alterations in EZH2 and/or MLL2 activity in lymphoma
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EZH2 Bcl6 EZH2
Bcl6
EZH2
Bcl6
EZH2 Bcl6 Bcl2
Kuppers 2005 Nat Rev Cancer
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EZH 2 Bcl6 EZH2 Bcl6 Bcl2 EZH2
Bcl6
EZH2
Bcl6
Genetic Alterations Affecting H3K27me3
Kuppers 2005 Nat Rev Cancer
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Methylation
PRC2 COMPLEX
K27(me)3 K27
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Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL)
suggests incidence of initial target population is ~12,000 NHL patients in major markets with EZH2 point mutations (22% DLBCL-GCB and FL)
domain) is mutated and results in amino acid changes to F, N, H, S or C
that, in cooperation with wild type EZH2 result in hypertrimethylation of H3K27 that drives lymphomagenesis
Y641 (=Y646)
Morin et al. 2010 Nature Genetics Sneeringer et al. 2010 PNAS
10000 20000 30000 40000 50000 60000
WT Y646F Y646H Y646N Y646S
CPM (Signal minus Background) unmethyl K27 peptide monomethyl K27 peptide dimethyl K27 peptide
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Sneeringer et al. 2010 PNAS
Y646 Mutant EZH2 Wild Type EZH2
N H3C CH3 CH3 N H3C CH3 CH3 NH2 NH2 NH H3C NH H3C
N H3C CH3 N H3C CH3
Heterozygous WT/Y646 Mutant EZH2
H3K27Me3 Production Experimental
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 WT/WT WT/Y641F Y641F/Y641F Experimenta
WT/ WT WT/ Y646F Y646F/ Y646F Relative H3K27Me3
0.0 0.5 1. 1. 5 2.
Wild Type Mutant H3K27me3 H3K27me2 H3K27me1 Total H3 EZH2
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Cell Type Observations
EZH2 Mutant GCB Consistent sensitivity to EZH2 inhibition shown by all investigators EZH2 WT GCB Sensitivity observed depending on drug concentration, timing of measurements and cell culture conditions ABC Consistent lack of sensitivity to EZH2 inhibition shown by all investigators
Knutson et al. 2012 Nature Chem Biol McCabe et al. 2012 Nature Beguelin et al. 2013 Cancer Cell Knutson et al. 2014 Mol Cancer Therapeut
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mutant form – 2.5 nM biochemical assay
– Biochemical – >20,000-fold by Ki (except EZH1) – Cellular – only inhibits target associated methyl mark
killing of genetically defined cancer cells in vitro
signaling pathway modulators extends activity to EZH2 wild type GC-derived NHL cells
models following inhibition of target methyl mark
Knutson et al. 2013 PNAS
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WSU-DLCL2 cells (EZH2 Y646F) in vitro Methylation by ELISA WSU-DLCL2 cells (EZH2 Y646F) in vitro Time Course at 1 µM OCI-LY19 cells (EZH2 WT) in vitro 4-Day Treatment
EZH2 Products H3K27Me1 H3K27Me2 H3K27Me3 H3K27acetyl H3K4Me3 H3K9Me3 H3K36Me2 H3K79 Me2 Total H3 EPZ-6438 (µM)) 0 2.7
Knutson et al. 2014 MCT
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EZH2 Y646F Mutant
Day 11 IC50 = 8.6 nM
EZH2 Y646 WT
Day 11 IC50 = 6200 nM
H3K27me3 H3
Methylation IC50 = 0.008 µM Methylation IC50 = 0.0091 µM
µM EPZ-6438
µM EPZ-6438
Day Day Knutson et al. 2014 MCT
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28-day Efficacy Study 7-day PK/PD Study Target Inhibition in Tumor (ELISA)
200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 5 10 15 20 25 30 Tumor Volume (mm3) Day Vehicle 80.5 mg/kg 161 mg/kg 322 mg/kg
* * * Vehicle 75 mg/kg 150 mg/kg 301 mg/kg 602 mg/kg
50 100
Trimethylation Level of H3K27 (%) * * * *
BID
Knutson et al. 2014 MCT
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Knutson et al. 2014 MCT
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– Standard of care reagents for B-NHL (i.e. R-CHOP) – Drugs addressing genetic alterations that co-occur with EZH2 mutations in B-NHL (i.e. BCL2/BCL6) – Novel reagents actively being investigated in B-NHL, for instance BCR pathway modulators (ibrutinib, idelalisib, etc.)
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WSU-DLCL2 (EZH2 mutant GCB) SU-DHL-10 (EZH2 mutant GCB) Toledo (WT EZH2 ABC) DOHH2 (WT EZH2 GCB)
Standard of Care DLBCL Doxorubicin Synergy Additive No effect No effect Mafosfamide Additive Additive No effect No effect Vincristine Additive Additive No effect No effect Prednisolone Synergy Synergy No effect Synergy Other Therapies Dexamethasone Synergy Synergy No effect Synergy Potency shift EPZ-6438 + Prednisolone
WSU-DLCL2 (Y646F)
Activity of GRag combo in all GCB lymphoma lines
Johnston, Knutson et al. 2013 Blood (ASH Annual Meeting Abstracts)
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EPZ-6438 EPZ-6438 EPZ-6438
WSU-DLCL2 (Y646F)
in vitro LCC: 170 nM
SUDHL6 (Y646N)
in vitro LCC: 210 nM
Johnston, Knutson et al. 2013 Blood (ASH Annual Meeting Abstracts)
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Mechanism Drug Mutant EZH2 GCB WT EZH2 GCB WT EZH2 ABC
WSU- DLCL2 SU-DHL-10 DOHH2 OCI-LY19 SUDHL5 Toledo Glucocorticoid Prednisolone Synergy Synergy Synergy Synergy Synergy No effect Dexamethasone Synergy Synergy Synergy Synergy Synergy No effect BCL2 Navitoclax Synergy Synergy No effect Synergy No effect No effect Obatoclax Additive Additive No effect No effect No effect No effect ABT-199 Synergy Additive No effect Synergy No effect No effect B-cell Receptor Pathway Everolimus Synergy Synergy No effect No effect Synergy No effect Trametinib Synergy Synergy No effect No effect Synergy No effect Bortezomib Additive Additive No effect No effect No effect No effect MK-2206 Synergy Synergy No effect Synergy Synergy No effect Ibrutinib Synergy Synergy No effect No effect Synergy No effect Idelalisib Synergy Synergy No effect No effect Synergy No effect Tamatinib Synergy Synergy No effect No effect Synergy No effect
Epizyme 2014 Under Review
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lymphoma cells with either wild type or mutant EZH2:
receptor pathway
(BCL-2 family)
agonists
with either SOC agents or novel active anti-lymphoma drugs
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lymphoma cells with either wild type or mutant EZH2:
receptor pathway
(BCL-2 family)
agonists
with either SOC agents or novel active anti-lymphoma drugs
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lymphoma cells with either wild type or mutant EZH2:
receptor pathway
(BCL-2 family)
agonists
with either SOC agents or novel active anti-lymphoma drugs
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lymphoma cells with either wild type or mutant EZH2:
receptor pathway
(BCL-2 family)
agonists
with either SOC agents or novel active anti-lymphoma drugs
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– Part 1: Dose Escalation
2 dose RP2D)
(H3K27 methylation)
NHL)
– Part 2
mutation
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– First-line therapy in the rituximab era (R-CHOP) has improved outcomes in DLBCL; ~ 60% DLBCL patients cured with therapy
– Outcome with “standard” approach to salvage therapy (salvage chemoimmunotherapy followed by ASCT) for those not cured with R-CHOP appears worse in the rituximab era
– CHOP components approved for NHL – Rituximab the only agent specifically approved for DLBCL (in combination with CHOP)
– Multiple agents (bortezomib, lenalidomide, ibrutinib) appear to have selective activity in the ABC subtype of DLBCL and are in late-stage/ Phase 3 trials – No agents are currently in development specifically for GC origin DLBCL
Coiffier et al. 2010 Blood Gisselbrecht et al. 2010 J Clin Oncol
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R-CHOP Does Not Result in a Cure for a Significant Proportion of DLBCL patients Outcomes After Failure of R-CHOP Are Poor
Coiffier et al. 2010 Blood Gisselbrecht et al. 2010 J Clin Oncol
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– In the rituximab era, FL is considered a chronic yet incurable malignancy
– Despite transformation of the treated natural history of FL, unmet need areas exist:
therapy (particularly prolonged myelosuppression and immunosuppression)
– CHOP components – Rituximab approved in untreated disease, relapsed disease, and maintenance settings – Alkylators (chlorambucil and bendamustine) – Idelalisib approval pending (NDA submission in patients who failed alkylator and rituximab-based therapy)
– BCR signaling antagonists and anti-CD20 therapies represent most of the ongoing late stage FL development efforts
Nastoupil, et al. 2014 Cancer Casula, et al. 2013 Proc ASH
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Casula, et al. 2013 Proc ASH
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GC-Derived NHL, 72 ABC & non GC-Derived NHL, 82 GCB-DLBCL, 24 GCB-DLBCL, 30
mEZH2 GCB-DLBCL, 5.5 mEZH2 GCB-DLBCL, 8
FL, 30 FL, 110 mEZH2 FL, 6 mEZH2 FL, 28 PMLBCL, 4 PMLBCL, 5.5 Burkitt’s, 3 Burkitt’s, 3
GCB-DLBCL & PMLBCL (relapsed), 8.1
mEZH2 GCB-DLBCL (relapsed), 2.5
FL (prev. dx), 80.5 mEZH2 FL (prev. dx), 22 40 80 120 160 200 B-Cell NHL GC-Derived B-Cell NHL On-Treatment Prevalence EZH2mut and EZH2wt Prevalent GC-Derived B-Cell NHL Thousands of Patients
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Note: Values on graph are rounded; based on epidemiological calculations in Excel model (2Q2014). SS and MRT/Pediatric populations are excluded (no change in epidemiology). Sources: Clarion analysis, incorporating SEER and GLOBOCAN epidemiology, and recent literature from ASH, NCI/NIH, and academic investigators.
Incidence Prevalence
~155k ~72k (12k mutant) ~113k (24k mutant) ~185k (36k mutant)
EZH2 Inhibitor Potential in Mutant EZH2 and Wild Type EZH2 B-Cell NHL, 2014
Total Prevalent Treatment-Eligible Patients in Major Markets (US, EU28, Japan) - ~185,000
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