SLIDE 1 EXTREME ENGINEERING IN WATER RESOURCES EXTREME ENGINEERING IN WATER RESOURCES FROM THE ARCTIC TO SOUTH AMERICA FROM THE ARCTIC TO SOUTH AMERICA
Wim Wim M.
Veldman
M.Sc., FEIC., P.Eng. Vice President April 15, 2010
Canadian Society for Civil Engineering
SLIDE 2 OVERVIEW OVERVIEW
- 1. IMPORTANCE OF DATA
- 2. TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE
- 3. WHAT IF
- 4. CHALLENGE THE CONVENTIONAL
- 5. LIFE CYCLE APPROACH
- 6. EXTREME EVENTS
- 7. CLIMATE CHANGE
SLIDE 3 IMPORTANCE OF DATA IMPORTANCE OF DATA
1.
REALITIES
Trans Alaska Pipeline (1973) Rose Creek Diversion, Yukon (1979) GasAtacama, Argentina (1997) Baffin Island Railway (2008) Bolivia Pipeline (2010)
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IMPORTANCE OF DATA IMPORTANCE OF DATA PIPELINES PIPELINES
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IMPORTANCE OF DATA IMPORTANCE OF DATA BRIDGES AND CULVERTS BRIDGES AND CULVERTS
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IMPORTANCE OF DATA IMPORTANCE OF DATA WATER SUPPLY WATER SUPPLY
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- 2. TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE
- 2. TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE
1. OAK LAKE / PLUM CREEK, MANITOBA (1966) 2. FLOOD LEVELS, SRI LANKA (1987) 3. GASATACAMA, ARGENTINA (1999) 4. OCP ECUADOR (2000)
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TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE
Ecuador – OCP Pipeline – Rio Quijos – Local expert
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TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE
Argentina ‐ GasAtacama – Local Professional Experts
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- 3. WHAT IF
- 3. WHAT IF
- Impact on design criteria
TAPS in different regions (1973) 1992 Sag River Flood
- Droughts more sustained than historic data – Bow City
Thermal Impact on storage requirements
- Design and operations Uncertainly – Nova Scotia
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WHAT IF WHAT IF – – SHUBENACADIE R. INTAKE SHUBENACADIE R. INTAKE
SLIDE 12 WHAT IF WHAT IF – – SHUBENACADIE RIVER SHUBENACADIE RIVER
Client’s Concerns Regulatory Concerns Joint Concerns
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- 4. CHALLENGE THE CONVENTIONAL
- 4. CHALLENGE THE CONVENTIONAL
1. TAPS Oil Pipeline(1973)
- Elevated pile design / heat pipes
- Environmental
2. GASATACAMA PIPELINE (1997)
- Instream alignment for 80 Km
3. OCP Oil Pipeline ECUADOR (2000)
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CHALLENGE THE CONVENTIONAL CHALLENGE THE CONVENTIONAL
Trans Alaska Oil Pipeline
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“ “Gentlemen, do you know what Gentlemen, do you know what ‘ ‘Tsina Tsina’ ’ River means? River means?” ”
Ralph Jackson Ralph Jackson 1975 1975 TAPS TAPS
CHALLENGE THE CONVENTIONAL CHALLENGE THE CONVENTIONAL
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Argentina ‐ Atacama ‐ Few Route Options Available
CHALLENGE THE CONVENTIONAL CHALLENGE THE CONVENTIONAL
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Argentina ‐ Atacama ‐ Extra Pipeline Protection
Gabions Gabions
CHALLENGE THE CONVENTIONAL CHALLENGE THE CONVENTIONAL
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Ecuador ‐ OCP ‐ Towers/Cable/Handwork
CHALLENGE THE CONVENTIONAL CHALLENGE THE CONVENTIONAL
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Ecuador ‐ OCP 550 People for 8 km
CHALLENGE THE CONVENTIONAL CHALLENGE THE CONVENTIONAL
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- 5. LIFE CYCLE APPROACH
- 5. LIFE CYCLE APPROACH
1. INTERRELATIONSHIPS OF
- Design
- Permitting
- Construction
- Monitoring
2. WALK – AWAY VERSUS POSSIBLE MAINTENANCE
- “To design for all eventualities is easy. To develop a practical
yet sound and adequate design is much tougher” (Wim)
SLIDE 21 PERMITTING CONSTRUCTION OPERATIONS DESIGN
LIFE CYCLE LIFE CYCLE
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LIFE CYCLE LIFE CYCLE OPERATIONS OPERATIONS
TAPS ‐ Alaska OCP ‐ Ecuador
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LIFE CYCLE LIFE CYCLE OPERATIONAL MONITORING OPERATIONAL MONITORING
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- 6. EXTREME EVENTS
- 6. EXTREME EVENTS
1. TAPS, ALASKA (1997, 2006) 2. OCP ECUADOR (2002) 3. NORANDINO, ARGENTINA (2000)
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EXTREME EVENTS EXTREME EVENTS GLACIER DAMMED LAKES GLACIER DAMMED LAKES
LAKE LAKE
Alaska Alaska
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EXTREME EVENTS EXTREME EVENTS IMPACT OF LAKE RELEASES IMPACT OF LAKE RELEASES
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EXTREME EVENTS EXTREME EVENTS A BREAKUP AT A BREAKUP AT 40 40° °
TAPS ‐ TAZLINA RIVER
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EXTREME EXTREME EVENT EVENT
Value of personally experiencing an extreme event – TAPS Alaska
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EXTREME EVENT EXTREME EVENT BEFORE BEFORE
Ecuador ‐ OCP ‐ Rio Montana pre Nov. 3, 2002
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Ecuador ‐ OCP El Reventador, Nov. 3, 2002
EXTREME EVENT EXTREME EVENT
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Ecuador ‐ OCP ‐ Rio Montana post Nov. 3
EXTREME EVENT EXTREME EVENT – – THE IMPACT THE IMPACT
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Ecuador ‐OCP ‐ What Highway Bridge?
EXTREME EVENT EXTREME EVENT – – THE IMPACT THE IMPACT
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Ecuador ‐ OCP
EXTREME EVENT EXTREME EVENT – – DESIGN / CONSTRUCTION DESIGN / CONSTRUCTION RESPONSE RESPONSE
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Ecuador ‐ OCP ‐ Deadly Landslides, June 2001
EXTREME EVENT EXTREME EVENT – – BURIED HOMES BURIED HOMES
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EXTREME EVENT EXTREME EVENT UNIQUE SOLUTIONS UNIQUE SOLUTIONS
Ecuador ‐ OCP ‐ Landslides – Re‐route Assessment
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Argentina ‐ NorAndino ‐ Debris Flows
EXTREME EVENT EXTREME EVENT – – THE IMPACT THE IMPACT
SLIDE 37 REALIGNMENT FAILED ORIGINAL CROSSING LOCATION
Argentina ‐ NorAndino ‐ Realignment/Non‐Rock
EXTREME EVENT EXTREME EVENT– – REDESIGN REDESIGN
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- 7. CLIMATE CHANGE
- 7. CLIMATE CHANGE
1. ANALYSIS OF HISTORIC DATA
2. EXTRAPOLATE TO THE FUTURE
‐ Mackenzie Gas Pipeline (2005) ‐ Bow City Coal / Thermal Project (2004) 3. USED AS A “CRUTCH” IN FAILURES / IMPACTS
- Saint John River, NB – Ice Jams – Railway Bridges – 1980’s
- Peace – Athabasca Delta, AB / NWT – Impact of Bennett Dam
(2004)
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THANK YOU THANK YOU – – WIM VELDMAN WIM VELDMAN
