1 2 3 Project Area Purpose Extreme water shortage in Chao Phraya - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Project Area Purpose Extreme water shortage in Chao Phraya Basin, Thailand Establishing additional water supply plan & water resources development plan Promotion of Solution for Stable Water Cooperation Water Supply Relationship in Scarcity Water Field 4

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General status of Thailand Country The Kingdom of Thailand Southeast Asia Location (5.6~20.7 degrees North Latitude, 97.3~105.7 degrees East Longitude) Administrative 1 capital city (Bangkok), 1 special division governed city (Pattaya), 77 provinces 513,000 ㎢ (some 2.3 times as large as the Area territorial area of the Korea peninsula) Climate /Ann Prec. Tropical monsoon Capital Bangkok Population 68.25 million Language Thai Buddhism (94.6%), Muslim (4.6%), Others Religion 7 (0.8%)

General status of Chaophraya basin Basin Chao Phraya river basin Area 158,592 km 2 8 Sub-basins Sub-basin (Ping, Wang, Yom, Nan, Sakae-Krang Pasak, Thachin, Lower Chaophraya) Agriculture : 45.2 % Forest : 43.3 % Landuse Urban : 6.3% Others : 5.2% Total 173,593 MCM Water resources (Yearly Rainfall : 1,088.1mm) Annual Runoff 35,424 MCM Runoff Rate 20.4 % 8

Rainfall & Temperature Item em Jan Jan Feb eb Mar ar Apr pr May May Jun Jun Jul Jul Aug ug Sep Sep Oct ct Nov De Dec Ann. nn. Rainfall(mm) Rai 6. 6.2 10 10.9 33 33.3 64.2 15 64 156.5 12 124.3 13 130.0 17 174.2 22 220.8 13 134.2 27 27.4 6. 6.3 1, 1,088.1 Mea ean n mont onthl hly 24 24.0 25.6 25 27.5 27 28 28.9 28 28.2 27 27.6 27 27.2 27 27.0 26 26.8 26 26.4 25 25.1 23.8 23 26 26.5 temperature (℃) 9

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Basic Concept Sur Sur urvey and urvey and and eval and eval aluate the avai aluate the avai ailable wate ailable wate water reso water reso sour sour urces urces ces in ces in in Chao in Chao ao Phraya riv ao Phraya riv river basi river basi basin basin 01 “How much water is available or needed in Chao Phraya river basin?” “How much water is available or needed in Chao Phraya river basin?”  Wat  Wat ater Bal ater Bal alance alance ce Asse ce Asse Assessm Assessm ssment : ssment : : An : An Anal Anal alyzing alyzing g wat g wat water sh water sh shorta shorta tage in tage in in sub in sub sub-basi sub-basi sin sin Form Form rmulate a rmulate a a comprehensi a comprehensi sive pla sive pla lan for lan for r add r add additio additio ional ional l wate l wate water sup water sup supply from the near supply from the near arby basi arby basi basins basins 02 “If water shortage happened, How can we supply the additional water?” “If water shortage happened, How can we supply the additional water?”  Pla  Pla Plannin Plannin ing Wate ing Wate ter ter r diversio r diversio sion from Mae sion from Mae ae Kl ae Kl Klon Klon ong , ong , , Pas , Pas asak and asak and and Sala and Sala Salawin Salawin in ri in ri river river er ba er ba basin basin sin sin Preli Preli liminary Feasi liminary Feasi asibility Stud asibility Stud udy conside udy conside sidering sidering g the prior g the prior riority of coun riority of coun unte unte termeasu termeasu sure projects sure projects ts ts 03 “What is the best project for solving the issue?” “What is the best project for solving the issue?”  Su  Su Suppo Suppo port port t pr t pr projec projec oject oject t imple t imple lementatio lementatio ion with ion with th st th st stru stru ructu ructu ture-pla ture-pla lannin lannin ing with ing with th econ th econ onomic onomic ic ana ic ana analy analy lysis lysis is ind is ind ndex ndex 11

Available Water Resources in Chao Phraya Basin Average annual precipitation & runoff (1986~2015yr) Preci cipitation Runoff Runof Runof Runoff Bas asin (mm) (MCM CM) Rat Rate (%) Ping ng 1,029.7 1, 9,044 9, 25.5 25 Wang ang 1, 1,042.3 1, 1,663 14 14.8 Yom om 1,1 1,118.2 4,1 4,166 15 15.6 Nan an 1,195.9 1, 12,428 12 29 29.8 Sakae Sa ae Krang ang 1, 1,132.8 1, 1,269 21.0 21 Pas asak ak 1, 1,117.0 2, 2,921 22.2 22 Tha ha Ch Chin 1,045.1 1, 1, 1,437 10 10.2 Ch Chao ao Phr hraya 1, 1,024.1 1, 1,748 8.3 8. (Avr.) .) (Tot otal) 20 20.4 1,088.1 1, 35 35,424 12

Water Demand of each sub-basin Water Demand (M (MCM/yr yr) Basin in Pr Present 20 2020 20 2025 2035 20 Pi Ping 3,6 3,692.7 3,7 3,786.0 3,879.1 3,8 4,261.8 4,2 Wang 320.3 32 39 392.0 46 463.4 47 477.4 Yom om 2,128.2 2,1 2,394.0 2,3 2,6 2,661.1 2,7 2,774.1 Na Nan 3,807.8 3,8 4,259.0 4,2 4,710.8 4,7 4,930.6 4,9 L. L. Cha hao Phr Phraya + + Th Tha Chin hin 19 19,342.8 19 19,968.0 20,591.2 20 22 22,296.5 Sak Sakae Kr Krang 58 583.0 585.0 58 58 585.6 1,1 1,188.4 Pasak 1, 1,388.3 1,4 1,456.0 1,5 1,524.6 1, 1,720.5 Tota otal 31 31,263.0 32,840.0 32 34,415.8 34 37,649.3 37 13

Water Demand of each water usage Item Present 2025 2035 Domestic (MCM/yr) 3,271.6 4,395.1 5,910.3 Industrial (MCM/yr) 2,371.1 2,589.3 2,827.6 Agricultural (MCM/yr) 25,305.3 27,057.6 28,419.5 Total (MCM/yr) 30,948.0 34,042.0 37,157.4 River maintenance flow (Station C2, ㎥ /s) 175.0 175.0 175.0 14

WBA (Water Balance Analysis – K-MODSIM*) Build a model for water Build a model for water balance analysis for the balance analysis for the 01 Chao Phraya Basin Chao Phraya Basin (with K-MODSIM) (with K-MODSIM) Agricultural (irrigation), Agricultural (irrigation), domestic, industrial and domestic, industrial and 02 ecological water ecological water demand and supply demand and supply Evaluate current (2015) Evaluate current (2015) and future (2025, 2035) and future (2025, 2035) 03 water demand and water demand and supply supply 15

Water Supply & Demand Analysis (K-MODSIM) 16

Water Supply & Demand Analysis (K-MODSIM) Setting up water supply network. ▼ Input of Water Demand (Domestic, Industry, Agricultural, River Maintenance flow) ▼ Input of Water Supply Source (River, Dam, Reservoir, Diversion, Pumping) ▼ Modeling and Checking Water Shortage 17

Water Supply & Demand Analysis (K-MODSIM) (Water Supply Priority) 1 st Domestic water 2 nd Industrial water 3 rd River maintenance flow 4 th Agricultural water (Return Flow rate) 1. Domestic & Industrial water : 0% 2. Agricultural water : 30% (Water Supply Reliability) 1. Domestic & Industrial water : 97 % 2. Agricultural water : 80% 18

Result of Water Balance Analysis Irrigation water Wat ater sh shorta rtage (MC MCM/y /yr) Basin Bas in Pr Present 2020 2020 2025 2025 2035 2035 Ping Pi 4.4 7.0 9.6 29.1 Wan ang 48.5 54.1 59.6 106.5 Yo Yom 328.1 549.3 770.4 1,061.9 Nan Nan 201.3 252.6 303.8 474.9 L. Chao Chao Phr Phraya 1,682.2 1,732.8 1,783.3 1,794.0 + + Tha ha Chi Chin (57.0%) (52.4%) (48.8%) (41.0%) Saka kae Kra rang 397.2 397.7 398.1 543.2 Pasak Pa 290.9 310.4 329.9 370.7 Tota otal 2,952.6 3,303.9 3,654.7 4,380.3 19

Result of Water Balance Analysis Domestic water Wat ater sh shorta rtage (MC MCM/y /yr) Bas Basin in Pr Present 2020 2020 2025 2025 2035 2035 Ping Pi - - - - Wan ang - - - - Yo Yom - - - - Nan Nan - - - - L. Chao Chao Phr Phraya 21.8 27.3 32.8 70.9 + + Tha ha Chi Chin (100.0%) (100.0%) (100.0%) (99.4%) ) Saka kae Kra rang - - - - Pa Pasak - - - 0.4 Tota otal 21.8 27.3 32.8 71.3 20

Result of Water Balance Analysis Industrial water Wat ater sh shorta rtage (MC MCM/y /yr) Bas Basin in Pr Present 2020 2020 2025 2025 2035 2035 Pi Ping - - - - Wan ang - - - - Yo Yom - - - - Nan Nan - - - - L. Chao Chao Phr Phraya 40.6 44.6 48.6 74.5 + Tha + ha Chi Chin (100.0%) ) (100.0%) (100.0%) (99.9%) Saka kae Kra rang - - - - Pa Pasak - - - 0.1 Tota otal 40.6 44.6 48.6 74.5 21

Result of Water Balance Analysis Water Demand Wat Water er De Deman mand (MC MCM/yr yr) Bas asin in Pres esent 2020 2025 2035 Ping 3,692.7 3,786.0 3,879.1 4,261.8 Wan ang 320.3 392.0 463.4 477.4 Yom om 2,128.2 2,394.0 2,661.1 2,774.1 Nan an 3,807.8 4,259.0 4,710.8 4,930.6 L. Chao hao Phr hraya a + Tha ha Chi hin 19,342.8 19,968.0 20,591.2 22,296.5 Sak Sakae ae Kran ang 583.0 585.0 585.6 1,188.4 Pas asak ak 1,388.3 1,456.0 1,524.6 1,720.5 Tot otal al 31,263.0 32,840.0 34,415.8 37,649.3 Water Shortage Wat ater er Sho Shortag tage (MC MCM/yr yr) Bas asin in Pres esent 2020 2025 2035 Ping 4 7 7 10 10 29 29 Wan ang 49 49 54 54 60 60 107 107 Yom om 328 328 549 549 770 770 1,062 Nan an 201 201 253 253 304 304 475 475 L. Chao hao Phr hraya a + Tha ha Chi hin 1,744 1,810 1,877 1,900 Sak Sakae ae Kran ang 397 397 398 398 398 398 543 543 Pas asak ak 291 291 310 310 330 330 371 371 Tot otal al 3,015 3,384 3,736 4,526 22