Evalu aluatin ting sh g shorelin eline r e resilien esilience - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Evalu aluatin ting sh g shorelin eline r e resilien esilience e to m majo ajor s storm e even ents ts Rachel Gittman October 10, 2019

What is resilience? Resilience, the capacity of an ecosystem or community to absorb disturbance without shifting to an alternative state, encompasses both resistance to a state shift and recovery to the original state. Resilience may depend on the type, frequency, and duration of disturbance. Holling 1973. Annu Rev Ecol, Evol Syst.; Holling 1996. In: Schulze PC, ed. Engineering within ecological constraints.

Re Resilience to Major Storm Events Hurricanes and Tropical Storms Legend Best Track Irene Florence Michael Arthur Dorian Matthew ➤ ➤ N N Data SIO, NOAA, U.S. Navy, NGA, GEBCO Data SIO, NOAA, U.S. Navy, NGA, GEBCO 100 mi Image Landsat / Copernicus Image Landsat / Copernicus Data SIO, NOAA, U.S. Navy, NGA, GEBCO Image Landsat / Copernicus

Living Shorelines

Hu Hurricanes es Iren ene e (2011) and Ar Arthur (2014) Gittman et al. 2014 Ocean & Coastal Management ; Smith et al. 2018. Ecological Applications

Post-hurricane survey results Hurricane Hurricane 2-years post Irene Arthur Arthur Gittman et al. 2014. Ocean & Coastal Management, Smith et al. 2017 . Marine Policy

Living Shoreline Resilience Ÿ Ÿ Ÿ Ÿ Ÿ Ÿ Ÿ Ÿ Ÿ Ÿ Ÿ Ÿ Ÿ Ÿ Ÿ Ÿ Ÿ Ÿ Gittman et al. 2014 Ocean & Coastal Management

Smith et al. 2018. Ecological Applications

Resistance vs. Resilience

C a North Carolina Waterfront Resident Survey m Pasquotank d e Currituck n P e r q u i m Chowan a n s Bertie 850 responses: 41 % bulkhead Washington Tyrrell Dare 40% natural marsh 10% riprap Beaufort 9% other shore types Hyde Pamlico Craven Onslow Carteret Pender New Hanover Brunswick

Survey is in progress • ~400 waterfront responses • ~10% reporting shoreline • damage from Florence Riprap Bulkhead Natural Riprap Bulkhead Natural Smith et al . 2017 . Marine Policy

OYSTERCATCHER™ REEF SHELL BAG REEF

Three-Storm Comparison Pre-Florence Pre-Dorian 9-6-18 6-6-19 Post-Florence Pre-Dorian 9-18-18 8-7-19 Post-Michael Post-Dorian 10-18-18 9-23-19

Three-Storm Comparison Pre-Florence Pre-Dorian 9-6-18 6-6-19 Pre-Dorian Post-Florence 8-7-19 9-18-18 Post-Dorian Post-Michael 9-23-19 10-15-18

Water Levels

Long-term Resilience of Living Shorelines Polk et al. 2018. Estuaries and Coasts

Th Thank k you! Que Questions ns?

Acknowledgements Emory Wellman Devon Eulie Mariko Polk Brandon Puckett Carter Smith Gittman Lab Members Coauthors