Evalu aluatin ting sh g shorelin eline r e resilien esilience - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Evalu aluatin ting sh g shorelin eline r e resilien esilience e to m majo ajor s storm e even ents ts

Rachel Gittman October 10, 2019

What is resilience?

Resilience, the capacity of an ecosystem or community to absorb disturbance without shifting to an alternative state, encompasses both resistance to a state shift and recovery to the original state. Resilience may depend on the type, frequency, and duration

• f disturbance.

Holling 1973. Annu Rev Ecol, Evol Syst.; Holling 1996. In: Schulze PC, ed. Engineering within ecological constraints.

Re Resilience to Major Storm Events

Hurricanes and Tropical Storms

Legend

Best Track

100 mi

N ➤ ➤ N

Data SIO, NOAA, U.S. Navy, NGA, GEBCO Data SIO, NOAA, U.S. Navy, NGA, GEBCO Data SIO, NOAA, U.S. Navy, NGA, GEBCO Image Landsat / Copernicus Image Landsat / Copernicus Image Landsat / Copernicus

Irene Arthur Matthew Florence Michael Dorian

Living Shorelines

Gittman et al. 2014 Ocean & Coastal Management; Smith et al. 2018. Ecological Applications

Hu Hurricanes es Iren ene e (2011) and Ar Arthur (2014)

Gittman et al. 2014. Ocean & Coastal Management, Smith et al. 2017. Marine Policy

Post-hurricane survey results

Hurricane Hurricane 2-years post Irene Arthur Arthur

Living Shoreline Resilience

Gittman et al. 2014 Ocean & Coastal Management

Ÿ Ÿ Ÿ Ÿ Ÿ Ÿ Ÿ Ÿ Ÿ Ÿ Ÿ Ÿ Ÿ Ÿ Ÿ Ÿ Ÿ Ÿ

Smith et al. 2018. Ecological Applications

Resistance

• vs. Resilience

Brunswick New Hanover Pender Onslow Carteret Craven Pamlico Beaufort Hyde Dare Tyrrell Washington Bertie Chowan Currituck C a m d e n Pasquotank P e r q u i m a n s

850 responses: 41 % bulkhead 40% natural marsh 10% riprap 9% other shore types North Carolina Waterfront Resident Survey

Bulkhead Bulkhead Natural Natural Riprap Riprap

Smith et al. 2017. Marine Policy

• Survey is in progress
• ~400 waterfront responses
• ~10% reporting shoreline

damage from Florence

SHELL BAG REEF OYSTERCATCHER™ REEF

Three-Storm Comparison

Pre-Florence 9-6-18 Post-Florence 9-18-18 Post-Michael 10-18-18 Pre-Dorian 6-6-19 Pre-Dorian 8-7-19 Post-Dorian 9-23-19

Three-Storm Comparison

Pre-Florence 9-6-18 Post-Florence 9-18-18 Post-Michael 10-15-18 Pre-Dorian 6-6-19 Pre-Dorian 8-7-19 Post-Dorian 9-23-19

Water Levels

Long-term Resilience of Living Shorelines

Polk et al. 2018. Estuaries and Coasts

Th Thank k you! Que Questions ns?

Acknowledgements

Emory Wellman Devon Eulie Mariko Polk Brandon Puckett Carter Smith Gittman Lab Members Coauthors