ET: Underground Seismic Array and Seismic Noise Gaetano De Luca ET - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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ET: Underground Seismic Array and Seismic Noise Gaetano De Luca ET - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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National Civil Protection Department (Seismic Survey Office) National Institute of Nuclear Physics (INFN) Gran Sasso National Laboratory (LNGS) (ERMES Experiment) ET: Underground Seismic Array and Seismic Noise Gaetano De Luca ET WP1 meeting

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ET: Underground Seismic Array and Seismic Noise

National Civil Protection Department

(Seismic Survey Office)

National Institute of Nuclear Physics (INFN) Gran Sasso National Laboratory (LNGS)

(ERMES Experiment)

Gaetano De Luca

(Ver. February 2009)

ET – WP1 meeting LNGS – Italy, February 09th, 2009

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two peaks: ~ 0.14 Hz and ~ 0.07 Hz

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… background noise level is temporally and spatially variable and is not uniform at all frequencies …

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De Luca G. et al. (1998). The density of the rock covering Gran Sasso

Laboratories in Central Apennines, Italy by underground gravity measurements. Journal of Applied Geophysics 39, 25-33.

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De Luca G. et

  • al. (1998). Site

response study in Abruzzo (Central Italy): underground array versus surface

  • stations. Journal of

Seismology 2, 223- 236.

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1

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my idea of Underground Seismic Array (USA)

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De Luca G. et al. (1997). Underground earth strain and seismic radiation

measurements with a laser interferometer and a dense small-aperture seismic array. Annali di Geofisica XL (5), 995-1005.

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Analysis of slowness (s/km) beam patterns produced by array impulse responses (Capon, 1969) for vertical component of motion

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Situation at the end of 2002

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S13

Lennartz le3d-5s Trillium 40s STS2 Trillium 240s

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MEDiterranean NETwork

STS1-VBB sensors – 24 bit Quanterra data loggers

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… some of history (old)

(of regional seismic network of Abruzzo)

  • End of 1991 – (Seismic Survey Office) –

Start with 7 staz until to 16 (end to 1997)

  • Definitively dismantled at the end of 2002

and the begin of 2003 (political problem !!!)

  • Transfer to the INGV nel 2004
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Instrumentation

  • 40 Mars88-FD (Floppy disk) – Lennartz
  • 3 Mars88-MO (Magneoptical disk 5 ¼ - 330 MB)
  • Time: DCF + GPS
  • 35 Mark L4C-3D (1 Hz)
  • 6 Terne Mark L4C (1 Hz)
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2005

(my office c/o LNGS)

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… some of history (now)

(of regional seismic network of Abruzzo)

2007: ERMES

December 2005: first two stations April 2007: last two stations

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External building of LNGS (INFN)

GSO2

We are here !

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Site preparation

(Staz. GSO2 c/o LNGS)

RAN (DPC) Shaft for Sensor Seismic Station Pole for GPS Borehole of 30 meter depth

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Site preparation

(Staz. SEM1 c/o Ortobotanico di Sant’Eufemia a Maiella)

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Restoration of site of old network

(Staz. BRS1 c/o Vivaio Forestale of Barisciano - AQ)

GPS Antenna Seismic Station Shaft for Sensor

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Restoration of site of old network

(Staz. BRS1 c/o Vivaio Forestale of Barisciano - AQ) Mars88 - MC GPS Receiver Modem GSM

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Restoration of site of old network

(Staz. BRS1 c/o Vivaio Forestale of Barisciano - AQ) Mark Sensor

  • Mod. L4C-3D - 1 Hz
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Restoration of site of old network

(Staz. CMF1 c/o Campo Felice - elevation: 1675 m)

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Situation at the end of 2002

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National Seismic Network (2008)

12 13 14 15 16

LONGITUDINE EST

42 43

LATITUDINE NORD RETE NAZIONALE 2008

AQU ARV ARVD ASS BSSO CAMP CDCA CERA CERT CIGN CII CING FAGN FG2 FGMS FIAM FRES GAVE GIGS GIUL GUAR INTR LAV9 LNSS MA9 MIDA MNS MSAG MTCE MURB NRCA OFFI PTQR RDP RGNG RNI2 ROM9 SDI SGRT SNTG TERO TOLF TRIV VCEL VVLD TORT FREN

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January 2009

12 13 14 15 16

LONGITUDINE EST

42 43

LATITUDINE NORD

RETE NAZIONALE 2008 RETE "ABRUZZO" 2008

AQU ARV ARVD ASS BSSO CAMP CDCA CERA CERT CIGN CII CING FAGN FG2 FGMS FIAM FRES GAVE GIGS GIUL GUAR INTR LAV9 LNSS MA9 MIDA MNS MSAG MTCE MURB NRCA OFFI PTQR RDP RGNG RNI2 ROM9 SDI SGRT SNTG TERO TOLF TRIV VCEL VVLD TORT FREN

ACQ1 AIE1 BAC1 BRS1 CIV1 CMF1 GSO2 LMP1 MIC1 MTR2 ORT1 PRE1 PSC1 PTS1 SAN1 SBP1 SEM1 TRE1

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2007 - (my office c/o LNGS)

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Data Acquisition System – Host

Info of data transmission

Data transmission – last hour – 20 s of resolution

Trigger

Local microseismicity Seismic sequence – Appenino Tosco-Emiliano: 2008/03/01 08:43:48.1 44.1331 11.2623 Mw 4.2 2008/03/01 07:43:14.3 44.1621 11.2164 Mw 4.7 Bells of Bacugno church

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Nonvolcanic Tremor along the San Andreas Fault

Bill Ellsworth (USGS – Menlo Park) May 20, 2008

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Characteristics of Nonvolcanic Tremor

Rogers and Dragert (2003) Malone (PNSN)

  • Tremor generally occurs below the brittle seismogenic

crust.

  • Very difficult to correlate phases across seismic

networks.

  • Episodic tremor associated with the propagation of slow

slip along the subduction interface in Nankai Trough and Cascadia.

  • Cascadia tremor occurs above and possibly below the

subduction interface, not strictly on it.

  • Some people believe that fluids are involved.
  • Fluid flowing through a deformable channel could be the

source of the waves (e.g. Julian, 1994).

  • But other evidence points to fault slip.
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De Luca et al.

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12 13 14 15 16 LONGITUDINE EST 42 43 LATITUDINE NORD

2006-2007

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41 42 43 44

LATITUDE NORD (°)

5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

DEPTH (KM)

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2006 2007 2008

TIME

5 10 15 20 25 30 35

PHASE NUMBERS

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0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0

RMS (s)

5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50

DEPTH (KM)

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0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0

RMS (s)

60 120 180 240 300 360

GAP (°)

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50 m

Three Component Sensor Vertical sensor