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Enzymatic Strength Development in OCC
Rosy Covarrubias Product Development Manager September 24, 2007
Enzymatic Strength Development in OCC Rosy Covarrubias Product - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Enzymatic Strength Development in OCC Rosy Covarrubias Product - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Enzymatic Strength Development in OCC Rosy Covarrubias Product Development Manager September 24, 2007 Agenda Introduction to Enzymes Enzymes in the Pulp and Paper Industry Fiber Modification Enzymes Strength development in OCC
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Enzymes
Protein catalysts
not used up specific
Non-living Reduce energy
barrier for specific reactions
Non-hazardous Biodegradable
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Enzymes are true catalysts
They are effective in very small amounts
Only a few molecules of an enzyme will catalyze the
conversion of thousands of molecules of substrate to product each second.
They are unchanged by the reaction The do not affect the ultimate equilibrium concentrations, but
reduce the required activation energy and thereby the speed
- f rections
They are very specific with respect to substrate and reaction
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Enzyme activity is influenced by several factors
Extreme pH, temperature and harsh chemicals can
denature/unfold enzymes so that they loose their activity (reversible/irreversible). Native (active) Denatured (in-active)
Denaturation T, pH, chemicals
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VARIABLES IMPACTING PERFORMANCE OF ENZYME
Contact time
Good mixing at application point More contact time better efficiency
Temperature pH conditions Interfering chemicals
Oxidants
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Enzymes in the Pulp and Paper Industry
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Pulp & Paper’s Use of Enzymes
The P&P industry, in general, has been
fairly slow to accept enzymes for many uses.
ROI vs. Cost was not significant Enzyme manufacturing methods
Monocomponent vs. mixed enzymes Raw enzyme costs
Now, the industry is looking to these types of
products
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Current Paper Industry Enzyme Applications
Deposit control S
tickies control
Pulp pre-bleaching Pitch control Boilouts / cleanups
S
tarch conversion
Drainage Deinking Charge control Fiber modification
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Examples of Enzyme Uses
Proteases - microbio & biofilm cleaning Amylases - starch system boil-outs Esterases - stickies control Lipases - pitch control Cellulases - fiber modification Xylanases - bleach reduction / brightness increase Pectinases –charge reduction increase
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Fiber Modification Enzymes
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Refining Model
Enzyme
- Cellulase degrades cellulose in fiber wall structure, initiates wall
stripping & fines generation
- Refining then delaminate cell walls and cause cell wall to collapse and
starts fibrillation which provides the strength of fiber with more bonding sites
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Fiber Fibrillation During Refining
- Create microfibrils on the fiber surface through fiber wall delamination.
- Fibers flatten or collapse and micro-compressions are induced.
- Fiber breaks result in decrease in fiber length distribution.
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Enzyme Treatment
Applied Energy Relative Strength Untreated Enzyme Treated
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Sheet Property Refining Energy
Burst (Mullen) Fold Tensile Tear Opacity Porosity
EFFECT OF BEATING ON PULP PROPERTIES
Increase in Value Breaking Length Burst Index Double Folds Shrinkage Density Air Resistance Decrease in Value Tear Index Opacity
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Fiber Modification Enzymes
Working with a broad variety of enzymes. Working primarily with relatively “pure”
enzymes.
This enables us to tailor products to
various circumstances.
Still in the experimental stages for most
applications
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Enzymatic Fiber Modification Current Target Applications
Strength modification Improved softness Drainage improvements Vessel segment modification Opacity variation Porosity changes OCC Ring Crush Improvement
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Strength Development in OCC
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Laboratory Data: Mill A
FIBER: 100% OCC GRADE: Linerboard GOAL: Increase ring crush METHODS:
Enzyme treatment of 1, 2 and 3 lb/ton Duration 45 min at 140 °F Prepared 3 gram TAPPI handsheets
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Ring crush
20.00 22.00 24.00 26.00 28.00 30.00 32.00 34.00 Control (Blank) 1.0 lb/ton BLX-13090 2.0 lb/ton BLX-13090 Bubond 387 6#/ton Bubond 387 6#/ton + 3.0 lb/ton BLX-13090
lb/in
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Tensile Index (Nm/g)
15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 Control (Blank) 1.0 lb/ton BLX-13090 2.0 lb/ton BLX-13090 Bubond 387 6#/ton
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Freeness
260 265 270 275 280 285 290 295 300 Control (Blank) 1.0 lb/ton BLX-13090 2.0 lb/ton BLX-13090 Bubond 387 6#/ton CSF (ml)
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Laboratory Data: Mill B
FIBER:
100% OCC
GRADE:
Linerboard
GOAL:
Increase ring crush
METHODS:
Enzyme treatment of 2 #/ton for 1 hour at 55 °C Refined for 2500 revolutions in a PFI Mill Prepared 3 gram TAPPI handsheets
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OCC RING CRUSH
Ring Crush Vs Enzyme Treatment
70 72 74 76 78 80 Control Buzyme 2522 XP04-487W XP04-562W
Ring Crush
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Case History – Mill A
Grade: Kraft packaging (bag and sack) Furnish: OCC/DLK Fourdrinier: 1200 fpm Production: 100-140 tpd pH: 7 Temperature: 130 – 140 °F
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Case History – Mill A
Additives
AKD: 2 lb/ton Fixative: 0.5 lb/ton PAM: 1 lb/ton
GAP: Reduce DLK usage and supplement
with OCC
Critical Tests: Mullen
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Case History - Application
Product: BLX 13090 Dosage: 1 lb/ton Feed Location: pulper Contact time before refining: 1 hour
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Results
Increased Mullen Increased drainage Eliminated DLK usage Reduced tear, which was negated by:
Reduced refining energy applied Tear was brought to spec without negating the increases in Mullen
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