Final project proposals are in! Questions about projects? - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Welcome back to [occ]! (Week 8) Online Communities & Crowds Welcome back to [occ]! (Week 8) 2014-11-12 Final project proposals are in! Welcome back to [occ]! (Week 8) Questions about projects? Assignments? Logistics? Final project
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Welcome back to [occ]! (Week 8)
Final project proposals are in!
Questions about projects? Assignments? Logistics?
2014-11-12
Online Communities & Crowds Welcome back to [occ]! (Week 8)
◮ Foundations: (human) computation. ◮ Dynamic: dividing labor; distributed information
◮ Cases: Mturk; Duolingo; Zooniverse (other examples from
◮ Challenge: ethics, exploitation, inclusion.
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Today’s Flight Plan:
◮ Foundations: (human) computation. ◮ Dynamic: dividing labor; distributed information
processing.
◮ Cases: Mturk; Duolingo; Zooniverse (other examples from
Zittrain talk).
◮ Challenge: ethics, exploitation, inclusion.
2014-11-12
Online Communities & Crowds Today’s Flight Plan:
human computation?
2014-11-12
Online Communities & Crowds
Source: Aniket Kittur, Jeffrey V. Nickerson, Michael Bernstein, Elizabeth Gerber, Aaron Shaw, John Zimmerman, Matt Lease, and John Horton. 2013. “The Future of Crowd Work.” Computer Supported Cooperative Work.
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A definition: crowdsourcing “Crowdsourcing is the performance of tasks online by distributed groups of individuals who may or may not be financially compensated by the individuals, groups, or organizations designing and requesting the completion of the tasks.”
Source: Aniket Kittur, Jeffrey V. Nickerson, Michael Bernstein, Elizabeth Gerber, Aaron Shaw, John Zimmerman, Matt Lease, and John Horton. 2013. “The Future of Crowd Work.” Computer Supported Cooperative Work.
2014-11-12
Online Communities & Crowds A definition: crowdsourcing
◮ human computation ◮ citizen science ◮ microtasks ◮ crowd work ◮ ubiquitous human computing ◮ and more...
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Overlapping terms
◮ human computation ◮ citizen science ◮ microtasks ◮ crowd work ◮ ubiquitous human computing ◮ and more...
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Online Communities & Crowds Overlapping terms
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France, 1758
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Online Communities & Crowds France, 1758
Three astronomers calculate the “perihelion” of Halley’s comet by hand. They were off by 1 month. Complex system of taking large calculations, breaking them up into littler and littler ones, combining and error-checking results to produce final, high-quality result.
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A few centuries later...
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Online Communities & Crowds A few centuries later...
Human computers become the state of the art way to solve large math problems! This is a group working on constructing ballistics tables during World War I (I think). This was a popular application for human computers. See “When Computers Were Human” by David Alan Grier (not the comedian) for a wonderful history of this.
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A few centuries later...
2014-11-12
Online Communities & Crowds A few centuries later...
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A few centuries later...
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Online Communities & Crowds A few centuries later...
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And then...
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Online Communities & Crowds And then...
Eventually, electronic computers replaced the humans. But, as you can see, women were still usually the people programming the computers (Grace Hopper). This changed later, but it’s interesting. Now, digital computers perform wrote, repetitive mathematical tasks. We expect this to be true. We resent it when it’s not.
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But sometimes computers are still human!
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Online Communities & Crowds But sometimes computers are still human!
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Quick detour: Amazon’s Mechanical Turk
http://mturk.com
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Online Communities & Crowds Quick detour: Amazon’s Mechanical Turk
Zittrain’s “pyramid of human computation”
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Online Communities & Crowds
diagram the pyramid.
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“East coast” pessimism vs “West coast” optimism
2014-11-12
Online Communities & Crowds “East coast” pessimism vs “West coast” optimism
◮ Finish reviewing, commenting on, and copy editing, other group’s Wikipedia articles (WP Task 5). ◮ Come prepared to work on finalizing your articles with your group. ◮ Begin working on Wikipedia task write-up (see WP Task 6).
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For Friday:
◮ Finish reviewing, commenting on, and copy editing, other group’s Wikipedia articles (WP Task 5). ◮ Come prepared to work on finalizing your articles with your group. ◮ Begin working on Wikipedia task write-up (see WP Task 6).
2014-11-12
Online Communities & Crowds For Friday: