Energy Efficiency of Biorefinery Schem es Using Sugarcane Bagasse - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Energy Efficiency of Biorefinery Schem es Using Sugarcane Bagasse as Raw Material Daissy Lor en a Restr ep o-Ser n a, J im m y An d er son Mar tín ez- Ru an o, Ca r lo s Ar i e l Ca r d o n a -Alz a te U n i v e r s i d a d N a c i o n a l d e Co l o m b i a S e d e M a n i z a l e s , I n s t i t u t o D e B i o t e c n o l o g í a Y Ag r o i n d u s t r i a . L a b o r a t o r i o d e E q u i l i b r i o s Q u í m i c o s y Ci n é t i c a E n z i m á t i c a . D e p a r t a m e n t o d e I n g e n i e r í a Q u í m i c a . M a n i z a l e s , Co l o m b i a c c a r d o n a a l @ u n a l . e d u . c o Research Group of Chemical, Catalytic and Biotechnological Processes 1

Energy Efficiency of Biorefinery Schemes Using Sugarcane Bagasse as Raw Material Content  Introduction  Methodology  Results  Technical results  Energetic assessment  Exergetic assessment  Conclusions  Bibliography Research Group of Chemical, Catalytic and Biotechnological Processes 2

Energy Efficiency of Biorefinery Schemes Using Sugarcane Bagasse as Raw Material Introduction Processing of Environmental Non main products Wastes agricultural products problem It can be used as Value-added products raw material Sugarcane Sugarcane bagasse Between 2014 and 2015, the world production of sugarcane accounted From 1 ton of sugarcane processed are generated 280 kg of bagasse 175.1 million metric tons (Moreira, 2000) Research Group of Chemical, Catalytic and Biotechnological Processes 3

Energy Efficiency of Biorefinery Schemes Using Sugarcane Bagasse as Raw Material Introduction Sugarcane Waste rich in polysaccharide as cellulose and bagasse Sugarcane bagasse hemicellulose contains cellulose (38– 43%), hemicelluloses (22– 32%), and lignin (17–24%) Through transformation processes can be obtained products as Products that can be obtained Ethanol, xylitol, electricity, PHB, antioxidants, by means of the use of the syngas, nonane, octane, furfural, HMF and lactic biorefinery concept acid, among others Research Group of Chemical, Catalytic and Biotechnological Processes 4

Energy Efficiency of Biorefinery Schemes Using Sugarcane Bagasse as Raw Material Introduction “ A biorefinery is a netw ork of facilities that integrates biom ass conversion processes and equipm ent to produce biofuels, energy and chem icals from biom ass after a proper and efficient design” (Moncada B., Aristizábal M., & Cardona A., 2016) A tool that allows evaluating beyond In any design the energy is a the energetic changes that are made in variable to be considered a process is the exergy analysis seriously Research Group of Chemical, Catalytic and Biotechnological Processes 5

Energy Efficiency of Biorefinery Schemes Using Sugarcane Bagasse as Raw Material Introduction Kinetic exerg y : This term is attributed to the speed of the system measured in relation to the environment Exergy: " Ma xim um w ork d eriv ed from a sta te in concern w ith the env ironm ent a s Potentia l Exergy : Due to the height of the system a nother hea t sink or hea t source " measured in relation to the environment Phy sica l exergy : Due to the deviation of the The consumption of exergy during a process is temperature and the pressure of the system from the proportional to the entropy generated due to the environment. irreversibilities associated with the process. The total exergy of a system consists of kinetic, Chem ica l exergy : Due to the deviation of the chemical potential, physical and chemical exergy composition of the system from the environment. Research Group of Chemical, Catalytic and Biotechnological Processes 6

Energy Efficiency of Biorefinery Schemes Using Sugarcane Bagasse as Raw Material Methodology: Process design Table 1. Composition of sugarcane bagasse employed in this work Com ponent Moisture Cellulose Hem icellulose Lignin Protein Ash Percent 50.00 23.70 12.05 11.70 2.40 1.15 High content in polysaccharides Three scenario were Mass and Exergy proposed based on Simulation process energy balances calculation the energy Zhang, Li, Li, & Zhang, 2012 Research Group of Chemical, Catalytic and Biotechnological Processes 7

Energy Efficiency of Biorefinery Schemes Using Sugarcane Bagasse as Raw Material Methodology : Process design Glucose HMF Glucose HMF Nonane Sugarcane Sugarcane bagasse bagasse Xylose Furfural Xylose Furfural Octane Scenario 1 Scenario 2 Glucose HMF Nonane Sugarcane Xylose Furfural Octane bagasse Lignin Syngas Electricity Scenario 3 Figure 1. Scenarios to be analyzed Research Group of Chemical, Catalytic and Biotechnological Processes 8

Energy Efficiency of Biorefinery Schemes Using Sugarcane Bagasse as Raw Material Methodology : Process design H 2 SO 4 Water Enzyme Wastewater Cellulose Enzimatic SCB Acid Hydrolysis Glucose HMF production Lignin Hydrolysis Wastewater Xylose Lignin CO 2 HMF Acetone Wastewater Furfural production Air Gasification Nonane production H 2 Ethanol Furfural Electricity Syngas Nonane Wastewater Steams Hexane Wastewater Octane production NaOH Steams Octane H 2 Acetone Figure 2. Flowsheet for the sugarcane processing Research Group of Chemical, Catalytic and Biotechnological Processes 9

Energy Efficiency of Biorefinery Schemes Using Sugarcane Bagasse as Raw Material Methodology: Energy calculation Allow identify the energy distribution at Energy analysis the input (utilities and raw material) and output (products, wastes and loss) Product 1 10% 70% Raw material Product 2 15% Process 10% Utilitie 1 Wastes 50% 10% Utilitie 2 Loss 25% 10% Utilitie 3 Figure 3. Main items involve in the energy distribution of the process Research Group of Chemical, Catalytic and Biotechnological Processes 10

Energy Efficiency of Biorefinery Schemes Using Sugarcane Bagasse as Raw Material Methodology: Energy calculation High Heating Value (HHV) is also known as the gross calorific value. Heating value of the raw material/ product Low Heating Value (LHV) is defined as the net calorific value ��� � 0.1739 ∗ ��������� � 0.2663 ∗ ������ � 0.3219 ∗ ����������� ��. 1 Experim ental or theorical � �� = Water vaporization enthalpy � ����� � ����� ��� � ��� � � �� ��. 2 � ������� = Moisture content of the material � ������� �� �� � �����/������ � � ∗ ��� �� ��. 3 � �����/������ Energy flow for an input or output �����/������ � Research Group of Chemical, Catalytic and Biotechnological Processes 11

Energy Efficiency of Biorefinery Schemes Using Sugarcane Bagasse as Raw Material Methodology: Exergy calculation �� � � �� �� � �� �� ��. 5 Exergy balance �� �� � ∑ � � �� � �� ��. 6 �� � �� � � �� � � �� � � �� � ��. 4 � �� � � �� � Mass flow exergy �� � � � � � � � � �� � � � � � � � ��. 7 �� � Heat exergy (energy of the process) �� � Compression and expansion exergy (work) � � � � � � � � � �� �� ��. 8 � � � � : ���� ���� � � : ������ ����������� ��: ���� �������� � � �� � � � � � � � � � �� � ��� � � ��. 9 � �: ��������� �������� � �� : �������� �������� ������ �� � �� : �������� �������� ������ �� � Specific by each component. �� �� � ∑ � � �� � �� � � �� � � �� ��. 10 � ∑ � � Reported in literature Research Group of Chemical, Catalytic and 12 Biotechnological Processes

Energy Efficiency of Biorefinery Schemes Using Sugarcane Bagasse as Raw Material Methodology: Exergy calculation �� �  �� �  � � �� � � � 1 � � � �� � � � � �,� � � � � � � � � ��. 12 �� ��. 11 � � � ��� ���  � �,� Work employed in the process of volume change ��  Heat of the equipment  � � � � � Change of volume � � Operation temperature  � � and � � are the temperature and pressure of reference (298 K and 1 bar) Research Group of Chemical, Catalytic and 13 Biotechnological Processes

Energy Efficiency of Biorefinery Schemes Using Sugarcane Bagasse as Raw Material Technical Results Table 2. Yields for each product obtained from SCB and the polysaccharide Product Yield (kg product per kg SCB) Xylose 0.0813 Glucose 0.2261 Furfural 0.0464 HMF 0.1545 Octane 0.0284 Nonane 0.1078 Research Group of Chemical, Catalytic and Biotechnological Processes 14