Enable Ancillary Services by RES 1 st Meeting with members of the AB - - PDF document

Enable Ancillary Services by RES

1st Meeting with members of the AB

Type of Meeting: Remote via GoToMeeting Date: 14/01/2019, Time 14.10-15.40 CET Meeting participants:

• 1. Florian Gonzalez (EDSO for Smart Grids)
• 2. Antonis Marinopoulos (JRC)
• 3. Charis Demoulias (AUTH)
• 4. Nefeli Malamaki (AUTH)
• 5. Florian Niedermeier (UNI Passau)
• 6. Umer Mushtaq (TUDelft)

This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 764090

Disclaimer

The information, documentation and figures contained in this document are written by the EASY-RES project consortium under grant agreement 764090 and they reflect only the authors’ view. The Innovation and Networks Executive Agency (INEA) and the European Commission are not responsible for any use that may be made of the information it contains.

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Acronyms used:

TRL Technology Readiness Level BESS Battery Energy Storage Systems LV Low-voltage MV Medium-voltage DSO Distribution System Operator TSO Transmission System Operator ICA Individual Control Area PCC Point of Common Coupling DRES Distributed Renewable Energy Systems SG Synchronous Generator AS Ancillary Service ICT Information and Communications Technology PVS Photovoltaic System WTG Wind Turbine Generator CHP Combined Heat and Power AB Advisory Board 3 | 7

Minutes of meeting

Charis Demoulias (Project Coordinator) presented

• The concept of EASY-RES
• The main objectives of the project
• The work done during the first 10 months of EASY-RES
• The work to be done in the next months (until the 2nd AB meeting)

The presentation appears in the Appendix. Questions (Q) and Comments were made by Antonios Marinopoulos (AM) and Florian Gonzalez (FG). Q1 (AM): How will be the AS financially compensated? Answer: It was made clear that the AS will be quantified, the associated costs (investment and operational) as well as the benefits (mainly deferral of investments) will be

• evaluated. Viable business models for various stakeholders will be developed.

Q2 (AM): Are AS aggregators foreseen in EASY-RES or just the DSO? Answer: EASY-RES mainly focuses on DSOs, since

• 1. They are responsible for the operation of the distribution grid
• 2. The DRES within the distribution grid will affect its operation when providing the

foreseen AS. AS aggregators could be involved provided that they cooperate with the DSO and take into account the technical constraints imposed by the DSO. Q3 (AM): What is the role of the BESS in detail and particularly if they will participate in the harmonic mitigation process? Answer: The role of the BESS at the LV μG and at the MV ICA PCC with the transmission system was clarified. 4 | 7

Q4 (AM): What types of DRES are considered in the project? Answer: Two types of DRES: (i) Those that are converter-interfaced (PV, WTGs, etc) and (ii) those with conventional SGs (CHP, Biogas, etc). For the former, new control strategies will be developed so that they operate like SGs and provide, in a controllable way, a number of functionalities. The latter already pose the required functionalities, although these cannot be controlled. The DSO needs to control the former taking into account the latter so as to achieve their objectives. Q5 (AM): Is ICT required for the proper operation of the foreseen fault protection system? Answer: The EASY-RES approach is to rely on ICT only for extreme protection events, e.g. high-impedance faults. Generally, the ICT system should not be actively involved in protection coordination. Q6 (FG): Who will be the operator of the BESS? Answer: It is foreseen to be the DSO for reasons explained above. Q7 (FG): How will EASY-RES validate its research outcomes? At what type of distribution systems? Answer: It was clarified that EASY-RES is low TRL project, therefore, validation only in Lab environment is foreseen. The distribution grids that will be emulated in lab environment are the CIGRE MV and LV benchmarks. Q8 (FG): Asked for additional promotional material to disseminate within the EDSO members. Answer: It will be soon provided. 5 | 7

Comment (FG): The interaction between TSO/DSO is significant for the EDSO for Smart Grids and in line with their policy. Q9 (AM): Is EASY-RES aware of the EU Directive in preparation which does not allow DSOs to operate BESS? Answer: Yes, we are, and we are going to take it into account. End of 1st AB Meeting 6 | 7

Appendix

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1st meeting with the AB

Short presentation of the scope, objectives and

• f the technical work done during the first 10

months of EASY-RES.

Charis Demoulias, 14/01/2019 This project has received funding from the European Union´s Horizon 2020 Programme for research and innovation under Grant Agreement no 764090.

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Agenda

• Sho rt pre se nta tio n o f the sc o pe a nd o b je c tive s o f E

ASY-RE S

• Sho rt pre se nta tio n o f the te c hnic a l wo rk do ne during the first 10 mo nths o f E

ASY-RE S

• Pre se nta tio n o f the wo rk during the ne xt mo nths
• Disc ussio n with the AB me mb e rs

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Short presentation of the scope and objectives of EASY-RES

HV/MV HV MV

Prosumer Consumer μG BESS Consumer Prosumer Prosumer ICA

ICA BESS

Microgrid Industrial consumer Industrial prosumer Microgrid ICA Industrial consumer RES Industrial prosumer RES RES RES RES

1 3

RES-only feeder Mixed feeder

MV/LV

Industrial consumer Microgrid

1 2 3 2

μG CC ΙCA CC

ICA Concept

DSO TSO

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Short presentation of the scope and objectives of EASY-RES

AS offered

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Short presentation of the scope and objectives of EASY-RES

Main Objectives

• 1. Increase the robustness of the power system towards abrupt frequency changes by introducing virtual inertia

and damping in DRES (KPI-1): increase the average overall system inertia by at least 1.5% for every 10% increase in DRES penetration

• 2. Contribute to the stability of the grid by providing frequency-dependent active power

KPI-2: for every 3 MW of DRES entering the system, more than 2.5 MW of conventional reserves will be de-committed. The rest 0.5 MW or less will appear as reduction of the power output of conventional base-load units.

It is noted that, by achieving this KPI, an improvement of 25% with respect to the current practice followed in the USA will be achieved. The improvement is significant considering the fact that the 2 MW/3 MW rule is followed in USA for just 10% of wind power penetration.

T IT L E OF PRE SE NT AT ION

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Short presentation of the scope and objectives of EASY-RES

Main Objectives

• 3. Increase the renewable energy penetration levels at both LV and MV level, while avoiding investments for

grid reinforcement. (KPI-3): the relative increase of DRES penetration with and without the implementation of the EASY-RES approach assuming no grid reinforcement

• 4. Make the RES more grid-friendly by i) reducing the short-term electric power fluctuations at both DRES

and HV/MV substation level and ii) introducing active harmonics filtering to each DRES converter.

4.1 4.2 4.3

/ min 30% of DRES rated power / min 10% of HV/MV transformer rating / min 10% of MV/LV transformer rating KPI P KPI P KPI P    = ≤ = ≤ = ≤

(KPI-4.4): keep the total voltage harmonic distortion as well as the distortion of the individual harmonics within the limits specified by the EN50160 standard even under 100% DRES penetration. In both parts of this objective, EASY-RES will evaluate the achievement of the KPIs also in relation to its implementation and operational cost.

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Short presentation of the scope and objectives of EASY-RES

Main Objectives

• 5. Preserve the long-term grid security even under very large DRES penetration, by reducing reserve

requirements after fault recovery KPI-5: expressing the additional DRES penetration due to the developed functionality, that does not influence the

• peration of the existing fault-protection means in MV and LV level.
• 6. Develop viable business models for all the stakeholders by (i) proposing new metrics for the quantification of

the various AS and (ii) evaluating the economic cost and benefit of all the developed AS. KPI-6: the incremental (with respect to the current situation) implementation cost for offering all the aforementioned AS will be less than 10% for DRES with rated power <100kVA and less than 7% for DRES with larger rated power This KPI will also be evaluated with respect to the additional relative cost for the implementation of the enhanced FRT capability and controllable, SG-like (i.e., sub-transient, transient and steady-state) contribution to fault clearing.

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technical work done during the first 10 months of EASY-RES

Main Results so far

1. Development of Metrics for the quantification and measurement of AS offered by DRES during Steady-State

• peration

We proposed methods in how to measure and quantify the contribution of DRES (during given time periods) on i. Reactive power for voltage regulation within the ICA and towards the transmission system ii. Primary-Frequency Response iii. Smoothing the low-rate active power variations (Low-Frequency power smoothing) both within the ICA and towards the transmission system iv. Active mitigation of voltage harmonics within the ICA 2. Development of Metrics for the quantification and measurement of AS offered by DRES during Dynamic

• peration

We proposed methods in how to measure and quantify the contribution of DRES (during given time periods) on i. Inertial response ii. Smoothing the High-rate active power variations (High-Frequency power smoothing) both within the ICA and towards the transmission system

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technical work done during the first 10 months of EASY-RES

Main Results so far

3. Development of Metrics for the quantification and measurement of AS offered by DRES during Faults within the ICA i. Propose methods for measuring and quantifying the contribution of DRES (during given time periods) the fault- clearing process within the ICAs. All types of faults are considered. ii. We established a generic FRT curve and associated it with the required size of the Fast Energy Storage 4. (I) Review of the current state of the art for the AS markets in the transmission system. (II) Review of the technical literature on the suggested AS in the distribution systems and identified the current barriers and

• bstacles for the introduction of the EASY-RES AS.

5. Development of methods on the optimized voltage regulation within ICAs based on the reactive power of DRES and the coordinated control of OLTCs (a relevant conference paper and a journal paper have already been published) 6. Development of an analytical method for estimating the additional losses in converter-interfaced DRES when exchanging reactive power (a relevant journal paper has been published)

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Presentation of the work during the next months

We are working on…

1. The development of the requirements for the required ICT infrastructure to cope with the EASY-RES vision 2. The development of new control methods of converter-interfaced DRES so as to behave like SG and exhibit the foreseen functionalities. 3. Methods so that the DRES identify the proximity of faults within the ICAs. 4. Methods of DRES reaction during faults within the ICA so that the selectivity and fault-clearing capability of legacy protection means is maintained as DRES penetration increases. 5. Definition of the reactive power capability of DRES in terms of converter design parameters. 6. Estimation of the avoided investment and operational costs (by TSO and DSOs) when the DRES offer EASY- RES AS.

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T ha nk yo u!

We a re o pe n fo r disc ussio n a nd q ue stio ns.

Pre se nte r‘ s na me : Cha ris De mo ulia s Affilia tio n: E ASY-RE S Pho ne : +302310995960 E

• Ma il:

c hdimo ul@ a uth.g r E ASY-RE S we b site : http:/ / www.e a syre s-pro je c t.e u/

T his pre se nta tio n re fle c ts o nly the a utho r's vie w a nd the I nno va tio n a nd Ne two rks E xe c utive Ag e nc y (I NE A) is no t re spo nsib le fo r a ny use tha t ma y b e ma de o f the info rma tio n it c o nta ins.

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The Consortium

Item 4: The EASY-RES Consortium This project has received funding from the European Union´s Horizon 2020 Programme for research and innovation under Grant Agreement no 764090. This project has received funding from the European Union´s Horizon 2020 Programme for research and innovation under Grant Agreement no 764090.