Emergency Communication Tucker Dunham, KD2JPM Abbie Heim, KD2PUA 1 - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Emergency Communication Tucker Dunham, KD2JPM Abbie Heim, KD2PUA 1 - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Jun 24, 2023 32 likes •450 views

A Data Network for Emergency Communication Tucker Dunham, KD2JPM Abbie Heim, KD2PUA 1 About Me Tucker KD2JPM Licensed: October 2016 Warren County, NJ Eagle Scout Junior at Warren County Technical School-

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A Data Network for Emergency Communication

Tucker Dunham, KD2JPM Abbie Heim, KD2PUA

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About Me

  • Tucker – KD2JPM
  • Licensed:

October 2016

  • Warren County, NJ
  • Eagle Scout
  • Junior at Warren

County Technical School- Electronics

  • Certified Electronics

Technician Associate

  • Placed 2nd in NJ

SkillsUSA for Electronics Technology.

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About Abbie

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Cellphone Service in Puerto Rico after Hurricane Maria

Source: FCC Communications Status Report September 28, 2017

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Communication During Emergencies

During Emergencies passing accurate information is key:

 Location of Shelters  Medical Assistance  Rescue Operations  Food and Water  Health and Welfare

During Hurricane MARIA in the Puerto Rico, MOST communications systems were OFFLINE

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Challenges

Cannot rely on commercial power at all! Generators become useless when fuel cannot be obtained!

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Inspiration

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Requirements

  • Made with readily available materials
  • Easily manufactured and reproduced
  • Self Sustaining
  • Simple
  • Effective
  • Versatile
  • Portable
  • Low Cost

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The Solution

Portable Solar Powered Digipeater

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Field Research

When communicating information TEXT wins over VOICE “Text me the movie times ….” “Text me your address …..” “Text me where we should meet …..” As opposed to: “Wait let me find a pencil and paper …...” “How do you spell that?? P-E-R-R-I-E or with a Y ??”

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Which Digital Mode?

MESH networking uses 2.4, 3.4 and 5.8 GHz Bands Very unforgiving to path loss like trees and buildings Alignment is critical Typical Emergency traffic doesn’t require high- speed data or multimedia AX.25 1200 baud packet is sufficient for “text messages”

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Packet Radio??? But that’s so 80s!!

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What is Packet Digipeating Connect computers to radios with Terminal Node Controller (TNC) That forms the packets and modulates AND DEMODULATES DATA. Packet Framing and addressing

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System Overview

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Antenna

Twin-Lead Half-Wave “J pole” inside of 1/2” PVC

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3D Printed Parts

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Solar panel holders Radio holders Threaded base Vertical mount for PI

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Sketchup

  • Easy to use and free CAD software

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Printer

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  • Creality CR-10 3D printer
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Container

What shapes you considered What was the goals ….. Fit Good for solar panels Mechanical flow Weatherized Folding solar panel mounts The project was built to fit inside a cylinder because PVC is readily available, cheap and can be cut to size.

  • Solar panels can moved easily to

follow the sun when mounted on a cylinder

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Solar Panel Mounts

Cylinder makes good platform for mounting solar panels

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Power Supply

Solar panels power radio, Raspberry Pi, and charge batteries during the day. Batteries power the system by night.

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Block diagram of the power

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Shape Why SLA batteries

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  • SLA was used for their large energy density and how easy it is to charge.
  • Lithium-ion was considered, but the complexity required to charge them was not

practical when using solar panels.

  • Liquid batteries could leak if the unit was knocked over.
  • Can survive being undercharged and overcharged more forgivingly than lithium

batteries.

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Voltage converters Describe them What each one does Why their different

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  • The first voltage converter (buck/boost) that is wired directly to the solar panels

steps down the voltage from the solar panels to the correct voltage to charge the batteries, keep them on standby during the day, and provide power to the second converter.

  • The second converter is a buck converter that steps the 13.8 volts from the first to

the 7.6 volts required to power the Yaesu radio,

  • The third and provide power to the raspberry pi 5 volt power supply.
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Solar panels How many …. Why these Size … voltage … current

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  • The panels we chose claimed to be able to provide 500mA at 5V, but after

testing them under load, we learned that was not possible. (what was the actual performance)

  • The size of the panels was small enough that it could be mounted to almost

any surface, such as an ammo box, PVC pipe, or a custom 3d printed enclosure.

  • There were also solder pads on the back to allow us to arrange the panels

in any configuration, high current at low voltage or high voltage at low current.

  • Originally, we purchased twelve believing that we only need six to power the

project, leaving us enough to build two units. All twelve eventually ended on the final design to compensate for the lack of performance and to provide power to charge the batteries more to make up for cloudy days

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Computer platform Why a raspberrypi

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  • The raspberry pi was chosen because it ease of use
  • It is a full single board computer running the popular linux operating system
  • The raspberry pi was also the most economic solution, price-wise and in terms of

power consumption.

  • The raspberry pi also has many GPIO pins on it to allow the user to connect a

multitude of sensors that can provide data that can be transmitted as its own message or along with the intended data.

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Tncpi What is it How does Read the docs

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Local networking RaspberryPi acts as a wifi access point for easy local access with a computer or smartphone Could be used as a communication end point in addition to a repeater

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Radio Why this radio It worked better than the baofengs Talk about the problems 3d printed radio holder

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  • Originally, we had chosen to use Chinese made Baofeng radios with the intent to

keep each unit as cost effective as possible.

  • After hours of testing and troubleshooting, it was determined that the poorly designed

receiver of the Baofeng was distorting the incoming data signal and not allowing the data to be recognized by the receiving unit.

  • After finding an economical, better engineered radio, we built a new interface cable

and tested the new radio’s capabilities.

  • With a new receiver that was designed under higher quality control, the data was

transmitted and received perfectly clear.

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Interface cable Diagram How it works

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Final Overview

Portable Solar Powered Digipeater

 RaspberryPi with TNC-PI  2 Meter Handi-Talkie  Voltage Regulators  Charge Control  Batteries  Solar Panels  Antenna  Portable / Transportable Enclosure  3D Printed Parts

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Compact

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6V SLA Batteries Power Management Circuits Raspberry Pi 2M Handie Talkie

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Final Product

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Video Demonstration Note: unfortunately the size of the video precluded it from being loaded

  • nto the RCA site.

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Expandability - Enhancements

APRS Repeater Weather station Message Post Office Alternate Antenna Configuration RaspberryPi Base allows for almost infinite software

  • r sensor expansion

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APRS repeater Add GPS module for self position reporting Change repeater soft

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Weather Station

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Post office

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Thanks to all that helped …..

 Carole Perry, WB2MGP, for the opportunity to present  Abbie Heim, KD2PUA, enclosure top & bottom and

antenna

 Caleb Lee, KD2NUC, RaspberryPi research, held SD

cards

 John Metroke, WA2SME, Electronics Instructor at WCTS  Bob Oppen, NE2C, Antenna materials and guidance  The 721

st

Mechanized Contest Battalion, for what they do best

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The End!

Thank you for your time. If any one has any questions feel free to ask.

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