Ecology and Management of Headwater Streams Groundwater Steep and - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

ecology and management of headwater streams groundwater
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Ecology and Management of Headwater Streams Groundwater Steep and - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Ecology and Management of Headwater Streams Groundwater Steep and Narrow Channels High flow (spring and after rain) Base flow (early summer) No flow (late summer/fall) Mapped USGS Streams (1:24,000 scale) 19,553 Acres 21,405 Acres Mapped


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Ecology and Management of Headwater Streams

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SLIDE 2

Groundwater

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Steep and Narrow Channels

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High flow (spring and after rain)

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Base flow (early summer)

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No flow (late summer/fall)

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SLIDE 7

Mapped USGS Streams (1:24,000 scale) 19,553 Acres 21,405 Acres

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SLIDE 8

Mapped USGS Streams (1:24,000 scale) 19,553 Acres 21,405 Acres

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SLIDE 9

Headwater Streams- small but mighty!

  • Amphibians (17 species)

–Most common American Toad, Red- backed salamander, wood frog

  • Macros (53 species)

–Most common black flies, mosquitoes, and midges, but also stone flies, mayflies, and cadis flies

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SLIDE 10

Number of Brook Trout in 330ft of stream channel

# of fish

25 50 75 100 125 150

141 40

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SLIDE 11

Length & Weight of Brook Trout

Length (inches)

2 4 6 8

Weight (lbs)

0.00 0.04 0.08 0.12

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SLIDE 12

Length & Weight of Brook Trout

Length (inches)

2 4 6 8

Weight (lbs)

0.00 0.04 0.08 0.12

Average Fish: 3 in. and .01 lbs

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Mapped USGS Streams (1:24,000 scale) Management of Headwater Streams

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SLIDE 14

15 Acres 990 ft.

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Manomet Headwater Experiment

  • Treatments:

–No Buffer (3 streams) –38ft. Buffer (3 streams) –75ft. Buffer (3 streams) –No harvest (control)

  • BMPs

–Filter strip (no scarification within 15ft of stream channel) –No unbridged/armored stream crossings

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SLIDE 16

Sediment Plume

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Natural Turbidity Changes

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 Turbidity (NTU) 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4

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Natural Turbidity Changes

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 Turbidity (NTU) 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4

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No Buffer vs. Control

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 Turbidity (NTU) 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4

Harvest

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No Buffer vs. Control

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 Turbidity (NTU) 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4

Harvest

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75ft Buffer vs. Control

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 Turbidity (NTU) 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4

Harvest

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75ft Buffer vs. Control

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 Turbidity (NTU) 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4

Harvest

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SLIDE 23
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SLIDE 24
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SLIDE 25

Headwater Streams are Sensitive to Increases in temperature due to their small volume Water Temperature

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Maximum Daily Post-Harvest Temp Change - No Buffer

Distance from Forest (ft)

330 660 990

  • T. change (oF)
  • 5

5 10 15

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SLIDE 27

Maximum Daily Post-Harvest Temp Change- No Buffer and 38ft. Buffer Distance from Forest (ft)

330 660 990

  • T. change (oF)
  • 5

5 10 15

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SLIDE 28

Average Temperature- No Buffer

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

Temperature (oF)

45 50 55 60 65

Harvest

Temp Changes: 3.8-6.2oF

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SLIDE 29

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

Temperature (oF)

45 50 55 60 65

Harvest

Average Temperature- No Buffer and 38ft. Buffer

3.8-6.2oF Temp Changes:

  • 0.1-4.4oF
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SLIDE 30

Temp Changes:

  • 2.2-0.9oF
  • 2.4-0.7oF

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

Temperature (oF)

45 50 55 60 65

Average Temperature-

  • 75ft. Buffer & Control

Harvest

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SLIDE 31

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

Temperature (oF)

45 50 55 60 65

Average Temperature- No Buffer, 38ft., 75ft., & Control

BT Threshold = 66oF (NH)

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Management Recommendations

  • Follow BMPs!!

–Prevent disturbance of soil near stream –Bridge or armor all stream crossings

  • Avoid long area of unbuffered

streams

  • Consider site specific conditions (e.g.

soils, aspect, Atlantic salmon)

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SLIDE 33

For more information visit:

http://www.manometmaine.org/headstream.html Or contact: ewilkerson@manomet.org