E XT RADIT ION & E XT RADIT ION L AW RE NDIT ION: E - - PDF document

e xt radit ion
SMART_READER_LITE
LIVE PREVIEW

E XT RADIT ION & E XT RADIT ION L AW RE NDIT ION: E - - PDF document

June 2019 PRIMARY SOURCE S OF E XT RADIT ION & E XT RADIT ION L AW RE NDIT ION: E xtra ditio n Cla use o f the U.S. Co nstitutio n Art. I T E RMS &PROCE SS V, 2, c l. 2 T he F e de ra l E xtra ditio


slide-1
SLIDE 1

June 2019 1

E XT RADIT ION & RE NDIT ION: T E RMS &PROCE SS

Angie We st Byr d, NCCP E xtr a dition Se c r e ta r y Nor th Car

  • lina De par

tme nt of Justic e (919) 716- 6578 a byr d@nc doj.gov

PRIMARY SOURCE S OF E XT RADIT ION L AW

  • E

xtra ditio n Cla use

  • f

the U.S. Co nstitutio n

  • Art. I

V, § 2, c l. 2

  • T

he F e de ra l E xtra ditio n Ac t o f 1793

  • 18 U.S.C. §§ 3181-3195
  • Unifo rm Crimina l E

xtra ditio n Ac t o f 1936

  • UCE

A

  • N.C. Ge n. Sta t. §§ 15A-721 thru 750
  • T

wo sta te s ha ve no t a do pte d the UCE A b ut ha ve simila r la ws – So uth Ca ro lina a nd Mississippi

F E DE RAL ACT

  • VS. UCE

A

F e de ra l Ac t

* Cha rg e d with tre a so n, fe lo ny o r o the r c rime * F ug itive s o nly * No pro c e ss e sta b lishe d fo r the Arre st a nd Re nditio n

UCE A

* F e lo ny/ Misde me a no r, Ab sc o nde d, E sc a pe d, & Juve nile s * F ug itive s a nd No nfug itive s * Pro c e dure fo r Arre st & Re nditio n, e .g ., F ug itive Arre st, Arra ig nme nt, Ide ntific a tio n He a ring , Writ o f Ha b e a s Co rpus

E XT RADIT ION CL AUSE

ART . IV, § 2, CL .2

A

pe r son c har ge d

in

a ny State

with

tr e ason, fe lony, or othe r c r ime , who shall fle e

fro m justic e , a nd b e fo und in anothe r State ,

shall,

  • n

the d e ma nd

  • f

the

e xe c utive author ity o f the Sta te fro m whic h he fle d, b e

de live re d up, to b e re mo ve d to the Sta te ha ving jurisdic tio n.

1 2 3 4

slide-2
SLIDE 2

June 2019 2

“A PE RSON CHARGE D”

  • F

e de ra l Ac t:

  • T

re a so n, fe lo ny o r misde me a no r

  • Unde r UCE

A:

  • F

e lo ny/ Misde me a no r (Crime )

  • E

sc a pe e

  • So me o ne who Ab sc o nds fro m Pa ro le , Pro b a tio n,
  • r Po st-Re le a se Supe rvisio n
  • Unsa tisfie d Judg me nt/ Se nte nc e
  • Juve nile s
  • Nonfugitive s

“ANY ST AT E ”/ “ANOT HE R ST AT E ”

  • All Sta te s a nd T

e rrito rie s o f the Unite d Sta te s

  • Se e Pue rto Ric o v. Brandstad, 483 U

.S . 219 (1987)

  • I

na pplic a b le to the F e de ra l Go ve rnme nt

  • Distric t Co lumb ia ha s no t a do pte d UCE

A

  • I

na pplic a b le to fo re ig n c o untrie s

“SHAL L F L E E ”

  • Anyo ne who c o mmits a c rime in o ne Sta te a nd is

sub se q ue ntly fo und in a ny o the r Sta te is a fug itive fro m justic e .

  • Se e

Apple yard v. Massac huse tts, 203 U.S. 222 (1906)

  • Re a so n fo r de pa rture irre le va nt
  • Se e Ne w Me xic o , e x. Re l. Ortiz v. Re e d, 524 U.S.

151 (1998)

  • Pe rso n who le a ve s invo lunta rily is still a fug itive
  • Se e

Clark v. Co mm’ r o f Co rr., 281 Co nn. 380 (2007)

“SHAL L ”

  • Ma nda to ry & Summa ry pro c e dure in Asylum Sta te
  • Se e Pue rto Ric o v. Brandstad
  • Asylum

Sta te ha s no disc re tio na ry po we r re : e xtra ditio n o f fug itive

  • Disc re tio na ry with No nfug itive
  • Se e Mic higan v. Do ran, 439 U.S. 282 (1978)
  • E

xtra ditio n is pa rt o f the Arre st Pro c e ss

  • De te rmina tio n o f Guilt no t a n I

ssue

  • Alle g e d Vio la tio n o f Co nstitutio na l Rig hts if E

xtra dite d no t a n I ssue

5 6 7 8

slide-3
SLIDE 3

June 2019 3

NONF UGIT IVE E XT RADIT IONS

  • Sub je c t c o mmitte d a n a c t in o ne Sta te tha t re sulte d in b e ing

c ha rg e d with a c rime in de ma nding sta te

  • Mo de rn Co mmunic a tio n he lps fa c ilita te

the c o mmissio n o f c rime s a c ro ss sta te line s

  • E

xa mple s o f No nfug itive E xtra ditio ns

  • No nsuppo rt
  • T

ra nsfe r o f F unds o r Drug s

  • Ide ntity T

he ft

  • Inte rne t T

hre a ts

  • “Se xting ” with mino rs
  • Applic a tio n sho uld not ha ve re fe re nc e to fug itivity
  • Go ve rno r’ s Disc re tio n
  • Se e N.C. Ge n. Sta t. § 15A-726, “T

he Go ve rno r o f this Sta te

may a lso surre nde r…”

DUT Y OF ASYL UM ST AT E GOVE RNOR

T he UCE A pro vide s: Sub je c t to pro visio ns o f this a c t, the pro visio ns o f the Co nstitutio n o f the Unite d Sta te s c o ntro lling , a nd a ny a nd a ll a c ts o f Co ng re ss e na c te d in pursua nc e the re o f, it is the duty o f the Go ve rno r o f this Sta te to ha ve a rre ste d a nd d e live re d up to the E xe c utive Autho rity o f a ny o the r sta te o f the Unite d Sta te s a ny pe rso n c ha rg e d in tha t sta te with tre a so n, fe lo ny o r

  • the r c rime , who ha s fle d fro m justic e a nd is fo und in

this Sta te .

BASIC PRINCIPL E S OF E XT RADIT ION

  • E

xtradition – Ma nda to ry & Summa ry Pro c e dure ; Pa rt o f the

Arre st Pro c e ss

  • Inte nt – Re turn fug itive to the De ma nding Sta te a s swiftly a s

po ssib le fo r pro se c utio n

  • Purpose – T
  • pre c lude a ny Sta te fro m b e c o ming a sa nc tua ry

fo r fug itive s

  • F

ugitive – A pe rso n who c o mmits a c rime while pre se nt in o ne

Sta te a nd is sub se q ue ntly fo und in a no the r Sta te

  • Nonfugitive – A pe rso n who c o mmits a n inte ntio na l a c t in o ne

Sta te tha t re sults in a c rime in a no the r Sta te .

E xtradition of Nonfugitive is Disc re tionary

BASIC T E RMS OF E XT RADIT ION

  • Applic ation

for Re quisition –

De ma nding Sta te DA’ s fo rma l re q ue st fo r e xtra ditio n to De ma nding Sta te ’ s Go ve rno r

  • Re quisition – T

he De ma nding Sta te ’ s Go ve rno r’ s fo rma l re q ue st fo r e xtra ditio n to the Asylum Sta te ’ s Go ve rno r to e xtra dite fug itive / no nfug itive

  • Gove rnor’s

Warra nt

  • f

Arre st a nd R e ndition –

Arre st wa rra nt issue d b y Asylum Sta te ’ s Go ve rno r upo n re c e ipt

  • f De ma nding

Sta te ’ s Go ve rno r’ s Re q uisitio n fo r the a rre st a nd re nditio n o f fug itive / no nfug itive

  • Waive r –

Co nse nt to e xtra ditio n witho ut Go ve rno r’ s Wa rra nt

9 10 11 12

slide-4
SLIDE 4

June 2019 4

T HE E XT RADIT ION PROCE SS

  • T

hre e Pa rts – I . Asylum Sta te ’ s Pre -Go ve rno r’ s Wa rra nt Pro c e ss I I . De ma nding Sta te ’ s F

  • rma l De ma nd fo r

E xtra ditio n Pro c e ss I I I . Asylum Sta te ’ s I ssua nc e

  • f Go ve rno r’ s

Wa rra nt Pro c e ss

T HE BE GINNING

  • Pe rso n
  • Co mmits a c rime in the De ma nding Sta te
  • Pa ro le e / Pro b a tio ne r/ Po st-Re le a se

Ab sc o nde r

  • Priso ne r E

sc a pe e

  • De fe nda nt F

a ils to Appe a r a t Se nte nc ing

  • Arre st Wa rra nt is issue d in the

De ma nding Sta te a nd e nte re d into NCI C

  • Sub je c t sub se q ue ntly fo und in Asylum Sta te

ASYL UM ST AT E ’S PRE

  • GOVE

RNOR’S WARRANT PROCE SS

Pa rt I

F ug itive ’ s Arre st, F ug itive Co mpla int, Arra ig nme nt, Wa ive r, Co mmitme nt, Ba il b e fo re Issua nc e o f Go ve rno r’ s Wa rra nt

INIT IAL DE CISION BY ASYL UM ST AT E

Whe n a fug itive is fo und , Asylum Sta te a utho ritie s ma y:

  • Arre st fug itive witho ut wa rra nt
  • Arre st fug itive with wa rra nt
  • Co nduc t

surve illa nc e a nd a rre st fug itive upo n issua nc e o f Go ve rno r’ s Wa rra nt

  • Do no thing a t a ll b e c a use De ma nding Sta te

will no t E xtra dite

13 14 15 16

slide-5
SLIDE 5

June 2019 5

ARRE ST WIT HOUT WARRANT

  • Re a so na b le Info rma tio n
  • F

ug itive is c ha rg e d with c rime punisha b le b y de a th o r impriso nme nt fo r a te rm e xc e e ding o ne ye a r (fe lo ny)

  • De ma nding

Sta te ’ s

Arre st Warra nt

suffic ie nt re a so na b le info rma tio n (no t wa rra nt o f a rre st in Asylum Sta te )

  • Onc e

a rre ste d , fug itive must b e ta ke n b e fo re a judg e / ma g istra te with all pr

ac tic able spe e d

  • Se e N.C. Ge n. Sta t. § 15A-734
  • A judic ial de te rmina tio n o f Pro b a b le Ca use within 48 ho urs

will sa tisfy the re q uire me nt o f Ge rste in. Se e Co unty o f Rive rside v. Mc L aughlin, 500 U.S. 44, 56 (1991)

  • F

ugitive Complaint must b e file d unde r o a th se tting fo rth the

g ro und(s) fo r a rre st

ARRE ST WIT H F UGIT IVE WARRANT

  • Upo n filing a fugitive c omplaint, Asylum Sta te c o urt

shall issue fug itive a rre st wa rra nt

  • Asylum

Sta te sho uld c o nta c t De ma nding Sta te b e fo re filing to de te rmine if De ma nding Sta te will e xtra dite

  • Wa ive r o f E

xtra ditio n

  • Upo n a rre st, Co urt sho uld a sk fug itive if willing to

wa ive e xtra ditio n

  • Se nd a c e rtifie d c o py to the E

xtra ditio n Se c re ta ry – Go ve rno r’ s Co py

PRE

  • SIGNE

D WAIVE R

  • T

he re is no sta tute re g a rding pre -sig ne d wa ive rs in No rth Ca ro lina

  • T

he Offic e o f the Go ve rno r a nd the No rth Ca ro lina De pa rtme nt o f Justic e ta ke the sa me sta nc e a s the Na tio na l Asso c ia tio n o f E xtra ditio n Offic ia ls –

Pr e -signe d waive r s should be ac c e pte d.

  • I

f the re is a pre -sig ne d wa ive r, a fug itive sho uld b e b ro ug ht b e fo re a ma g istra te , to ld

  • f the

pre - sig ne d wa ive r a nd he ld witho ut a b o nd.

  • No tify de ma nding sta te fo r pic kup.

F UGIT IVE COMPL AINT

  • Must sta te pe rso n is fug itive o r no nfug itive
  • Pe rso n

ha s c o mmitte d a c rime , a b sc o nde d, e sc a pe d

  • r fa ile d

to a ppe a r in De ma nding Sta te

  • Must b e swo rn b e fo re ma g istra te o r suppo rte d

b y a ffida vit fro m De ma nding Sta te

  • I

f a va ila b le , c e rtifie d c o pie s

  • f

c ha rg ing do c ume nt a nd a rre st wa rra nt fro m De ma nding Sta te sho uld b e a tta c he d

17 18 19 20

slide-6
SLIDE 6

June 2019 6

ARRAIGNME NT

F ug itive must b e a rra ig ne d o n fug itive c o mpla int with “a ll pra c tic a b le spe e d” – N.C. Ge n. Sta t. § 15A-734

  • Re a so n

fo r Arre st – c rimina l ma tte r pe nding in De ma nding Sta te

  • Sta tuto ry rig ht to c o unse l
  • Rig ht to ha ve Go ve rno r’ s Wa rra nt issue d
  • Rig ht to Wa ive issua nc e o f Go ve rno r’ s Wa rra nt
  • F

ug itive sho uld b e a ske d if willing to wa ive e xtra ditio n

WAIVE RS

  • N.C. Ge n. Sta t. § 15A-746
  • “T

he judg e

  • r c le rk o f supe rio r c o urt shall dire c t the
  • ffic e r ha ving suc h pe rso n in c ustody to d e live r fo rthwith

suc h pe rso n to the duly a c c re dite d a g e nt o r a g e nts o f the de ma nding sta te …”

  • T

he wa ive r itse lf (ACO-CR-912M) sta te s just a b o ve judg e ’ s sig na ture –

  • “T
  • a ny o ffic e r ha ving the

d e fe nda nt na me d a b o ve

in c ustody:

  • “Yo u a re DIRECT

E D to de live r the de fe nda nt to g e the r with a

c o py o f this do c ume nt, to the duly a c c re dite d a g e nt(s) o f the de ma nding sta te …”

  • Se e Atto rne y Ge ne ral’ s Opinio n, 1980 N.C. AG L

E XIS 23 (1980)

RE F USAL OF E XT RADIT ION

  • Appe a rs ma ny c o urts use the sa me “Re fusa l o f

E xtra ditio n”

  • Sig ne d b y Judg e with ne w c o urt da te fo r e a c h 30 da ys

until Orde r Dismissing Cha rg e

  • No tify de ma nding sta te the first time the y a ppe a r in Co urt

a nd re fuse .

  • Re c e ntly a c o unty no tifie d de ma nding sta te o n April 22nd with

the re fusa l’ s first pa ra g ra ph b e ing the o nly o ne sig ne d. T he re wa s no indic a tio n tha t this wa s the 60th da y. T he fug itive wa rra nt wa s issue d o n F e b rua ry 16th. T he 90th da y wa s Ma y 16th a nd the c o unty dismisse d the fug itive wa rra nt.

COMMIT ME NT ORDE R N.C. GE

  • N. ST

AT . §§ 15A-735 & 737

Asylum Sta te c o urt typic a lly o rde rs:

  • F

ug itive pla c e d in c usto dy fo r 30 da ys fo r issua nc e o f Go ve rno r’ s Wa rra nt

  • Additio na l 60 da ys if ne e de d
  • E

nd o f 90 da ys, Asylum Co urt ma y dismiss the ma tte r unle ss Go ve rno r’ s Wa rra nt ha s b e e n issue d

21 22 23 24

slide-7
SLIDE 7

June 2019 7

BAIL

F ug itive may b e re le a se d upo n b a il:

  • N.C. Ge n. Sta t. § 15A-735
  • “…the judg e o r ma g istra te must, b y a wa rra nt re c iting the

a c c usa tio n, c ommit him to the c o unty jail fo r suc h a time , no t e xc e e ding 30 da ys a nd spe c ifie d in the wa rra nt, a s will e na b le the a rre st o f the a c c use d to b e ma de und e r a wa rra nt o f the Go ve rno r…”

  • N.C. Ge n. Sta t. § 15A-736
  • “…a judg e o r ma g istra te in this Sta te ma y a d mit the pe rso n

a rre ste d to b a il b y b o nd, with suffic ie nt suritie s,…”

  • Ma ny sta te s c ho o se no t to g ive b o nds fo r a ny fug itive wa rra nts.

BAIL

F ug itive may b e re le a se d upo n b a il unle ss:

  • Cha rg e d

with c rime punisha b le b y de a th o r life impriso nme nt – N.C. Ge n. Sta t. § 15A-736

  • Pre -Sig ne d Wa ive r
  • F

ug itive ha s Wa ive d E xtra ditio n – N.C. Ge n. Sta t. § 15A-746

  • Ma ny sta te s, if the y a llo w b o nds, will no t a llo w b o nds

fo r E sc a pe e s a nd / o r Ab sc o nd e rs

  • f

Pro b a tio n/ Pa ro le / Po st-Supe rvisio n Re le a se

BAIL

  • F

ug itive may b e re le a se d upo n b a il unle ss:

  • Se rve d with Go ve rno r’ s Wa rra nt
  • Offic e o f the Go ve rno r a g re e s with Na tio na l

Asso c ia tio n o f E xtra ditio n Offic ia ls’ Re so lutio n Oppo sing Ba il

  • E

xe c utive Pro c e ss no t Judic ia l Wa rra nt

  • Se e

S tate

  • v. Cro naue r, 65 N.C. App. 449

(1983)

  • Onc e

Wa ive r is sig ne d

  • r Ha b e a s

Co rpus de nie d, pe rso n b e lo ng s to the De ma nding Sta te a nd must b e he ld fo r tra nspo rt.

DE MANDING ST AT E ’S PROCE SS: APPL YING F OR GOVE RNOR’S RE QUISIT ION

Pa rt I I

25 26 27 28

slide-8
SLIDE 8

June 2019 8

DE MANDING ST AT E ’S PROCE SS

I nvo lve s the De ma nding Sta te ’ s r

e que st fo r

the issua nc e o f Gove r

nor ’s War r ant of Arr e st and Re ndition to the Asylum Sta te ’ s Go ve rno r

fo r the e xtra ditio n o f fug itive . T ypic a lly b e g ins whe n Asylum Sta te c o urt no tifie s De ma nding Sta te tha t the fug itive is fig hting e xtra ditio n.

F ORMAL RE QUISIT ION N.C. GE

  • N. § 15A-723
  • F
  • rma l de ma nd in writing fo r e xtra ditio n o f fug itive
  • Ma de b y De ma nding Sta te ’ s Go ve rno r upo n Asylum

Sta te ’ s Go ve rno r

  • Ba se d upo n pro pe r Applic a tion for R

e quisition a nd

suppo rting do c ume nts

  • Must alle ge fug itive wa s pre se nt in the De ma nding

Sta te whe n c rime wa s c o mmitte d a nd sub se q ue ntly fle d

  • If nonfugitive , must a lle g e a c c use d c o mmitte d a n

a c t tha t inte ntio na lly re sulte d in a c rime in the De ma nding Sta te

“SUBST ANT IAL L Y” CHARGE

Do c ume nts must “sub sta ntia lly” c ha rg e the fug itive with ha ving c o mmitte d a c rime und e r the De ma nding Sta te ’ s la ws.

  • Yo u c a nno t e xtra dite o n Ca pia s a lo ne
  • Ha b e a s la w

sa ys “sub sta ntia lly” c ha rg e d with a c rime

  • “Sub sta ntia lly

c ha rg e ” me a ns the re must b e a sho wing o f pro b a b le c a use .

  • Se e Mic higan v. Do ran, 439 U.S. a t 285 (1978)

APPL ICAT ION F OR RE QUISIT ION N.C. GE

  • N. ST

AT . § 15A-743

  • Writte n a pplic a tio n pre pa re d b y De ma nding Sta te ’ s

pro se c uto r

  • Na me a nd kno wn a lia s(e s) o f fug itive se t fo rth
  • Circ umsta nc e s o f c rime , e sc a pe , pa ro le , pro b a tio n
  • r po st-re le a se supe rvisio n vio la tio n
  • Ca n b e

c ha rg e d with a d ditio na l c rime s o nc e re turne d to De ma nding Sta te – N.C. Ge n. Sta t. § 15A-748

29 30 31 32

slide-9
SLIDE 9

June 2019 9

APPL ICAT ION F OR RE QUISIT ION

  • L
  • c a tio n whe re fug itive is fo und in Asylum Sta te
  • Na me & Addre ss o f ja il o r a d d re ss o f re sid e nc e if

fug itive ha s ma de b a il

  • Ag e nt no mina te d to re turn fug itive to De ma nding

Sta te

  • Na me She riff, no t tra nspo rt c o mpa ny o r DPS
  • Must

b e fe ma le na me d to tra nspo rt fe ma le fug itive

  • Ce rtifie d

b y pro se c uto r tha t e xtra ditio n is no t institute d to e nfo rc e c ivil c la im in De ma nding Sta te .

  • No nsuppo rt c a se s

APPL ICAT ION F OR RE QUISIT ION

  • T

wo type s o f writte n a pplic a tio n fo r e xtra ditio n

  • F

ug itive c har

ge d with c rime – F

  • rm Go v1
  • F
  • rm Go v1B – Wa rra nt & Affida vit
  • F
  • rm Go v1C – I

ndic tme nt

  • All sig ne d b y Cle rk o f Supe rio r Co urt
  • F

ug itive c onvic te d o f c rime – F

  • rm Go v2
  • Suppo rting Go v2 fo rms a s a ppro pria te
  • Ce rtific a tio n F
  • rm – F
  • rm Go v3
  • Judg e

c e rtifie s Cle rk’ s sig na ture a nd Cle rk c e rtifie s Judg e ’ s sig na ture

APPL ICAT ION F OR RE QUISIT ION

E sse ntia l Do c ume nts:

  • Ce rtifie d c o py o f c har

ging doc ume nt

  • Suc h a s a n I

ndic tme nt, I nfo rma tio n, Co mpla int & Swo rn Affida vit, o r Se nte nc ing / Dispo sitio n Orde r

  • Ce rtifie d Co py o f any Wa rra nt fo r Arre st issue d
  • I

f Wa rra nt is the

  • nly

do c ume nt, must b e suppo rte d b y Affida vit o f Pro b a b le Ca use – swo rn b e fo re issuing Ma g istra te s – Cle rk o f Supe rio r Co urt

AF F IDAVIT OF PROBABL E CAUSE

T his do c ume nt must inc lude the fo llo wing :

  • Na me & Ag e nc y o f Offic e r
  • F

a c ts suppo rting the wa rra nt – Do NOTuse the sa me la ng ua g e fro m the wa rra nt. Ne e d the sa me fa c ts

  • ra lly swo rn to

b e fo re the judg e / ma g istra te tha t suppo rt the issua nc e o f the wa rra nt fo r a rre st.

  • A sta te me nt sho wing the judg e / ma g istra te fo und

pro b a b le c a use , sho uld b e inc lude d prio r to the sig na ture b y judg e / ma g istra te :

  • “I, the unde rsig ne d, b a se d o n the fo re g o ing find tha t the re is

pro b a b le c a use to suppo rt the wa rra nt fo r a rre st a g a inst the a b o ve -na me d de fe nda nt.”

33 34 35 36

slide-10
SLIDE 10

June 2019 10

APPL ICAT ION F OR RE QUISIT ION

E sse ntia l Do c ume nts:

  • Ide ntific a tio n Do c ume nts
  • Pho to g ra ph

– Ma ny sta te s re q uire a n Affida vit

  • f

Ide ntific a tio n with a ll pho to g ra phs

  • Do not se nd a pho to g ra ph witho ut a ny ide ntifying info rma tio n
  • Ce rtifie d F

ing e rprints

  • Physic a l De sc riptio n
  • Do not use a ny do c ume nts fro m CJL

e a ds

  • Co pie s o f sta tute (s) fo r c rime (s) liste d
  • Ca n b e printe d fro m Ge ne ra l Asse mb ly’ s we b site
  • If c o mmo n

la w c rime , use “No rth Caro lina Crime s: A Guide bo o k o n the E le me nts o f Crime ” to sho w punishme nt le ve l.

RE VIE W OF APPL ICAT ION

  • De ma nding Sta te ’ s Go ve rno r’ s Offic e
  • De ma nding Sta te ’ s Atto rne y Ge ne ra l’ s Offic e
  • Se c re ta ry
  • f

Sta te – Authe ntic a te s Co urt’ s Ve rific a tio n o f Cle rk’ s Ce rtific a tio ns

  • Upo n whic h the Go ve rno r will issue a Re q uisitio n to

the Asylum Sta te ’ s Go ve rno r

ASYL UM ST AT E ’S PROCE SS: ISSUANCE OF GOVE RNOR’S WARRANT

Pa rt I I I

GOAL

T he issua nc e

  • f the

Gove r nor ’s Warr ant of Ar r e st and Re ndition b y the

Asylum Sta te ’ s Go ve rno r pursua nt to a pro pe r de ma nd fo r e xtra ditio n ma de b y De ma nding Sta te ’ s Go ve rno r

37 38 39 40

slide-11
SLIDE 11

June 2019 11

RE CE IPT OF F ORMAL RE QUISIT ION

Upo n re c e ipt o f fo rma l re q uisitio n, Asylum Sta te ’ s Go ve rno r:

  • Re vie ws re q uisitio n, a pplic a tio n fo r re q uisitio n, a nd

suppo rting do c ume nts fo r suffic ie nc y a nd a c c ura c y

  • Re que sts a dditio ns o r c ha ng e s if ne c e ssa ry fro m

De ma nding Sta te

  • F
  • r

wards re q uisitio n, a pplic a tio n fo r re q uisitio n a nd

suppo rting do c ume nts to Atto rne y Ge ne ra l fo r re vie w

AT T ORNE Y GE NE RAL ’S ROL E

  • Re vie ws re q uisitio n, a pplic a tio n fo r re q uisitio n a nd

suppo rting d o c ume nts fro m De ma nding Sta te fo r le g a l suffic ie nc y

  • Pro vide s le g al a dvic e re g a rding e xtra ditio n ma tte rs

to Go ve rno r

ISSUANCE OF GOVE RNOR’S WARRANT N.C. GE

  • N. ST

AT . § 15A-727

I f De ma nding Sta te ’ s re q uisitio n, a pplic a tio n a nd suppo rting d o c ume nts a re in o rde r:

  • Asylum Sta te ’ s Go ve rno r issue s Gove r

nor ’s Wa r r a nt

  • Se nt to lo c a l la w e nfo rc e me nt
  • L
  • c a l c ha rg e s pe nding

– Go ve rno r’ s Wa rra nt ma y b e he ld in a b e ya nc e

  • Se e N.C. Ge n. Sta t. § 15A-739

ISSUANCE OF GOVE RNOR’S WARRANT N.C. GE

  • N. ST

AT . § 15A-727

  • F

ug itive c a nno t a vo id lo c a l c ha rg e s with Wa ive r

  • T

he time se t fo r tra nspo rt do e s no t b e g in until no tific a tio n is g ive n to the de ma nding sta te .

  • T

he de ma nding sta te sho uld no t b e no tifie d until lo c a l time is se rve d b e c a use the pe rso n is no t a va ila b le fo r tra nspo rt.

  • Se e Alsto n v. Nic ke lso n, 2007 U.S. Dist. L

E XI S 80841 (2007)

  • If the y re c e ive a n ac tive DPS se nte nc e fro m lo c a l c ha rg e s:
  • Se nd Ce rtifie d Co py o f Wa ive r with the m to DPS
  • DPS will ho no r a wa ive r fo r 5 ye a rs.
  • No tify E

xtra ditio n Se c re ta ry o f DPS se nte nc e

  • Se nd

e ntir e

Go ve rno r’ s Wa rra nt pa c ke t b a c k to E xtra ditio n Se c re ta ry

  • I

n the e ve nt the sub je c t did no t wa ive , the Go ve rno r’ s Wa rra nt will b e se rve d upo n c o mple tio n o f DPS Se nte nc e .

41 42 43 44

slide-12
SLIDE 12

June 2019 12

GOVE RNOR’S WARRANT

  • A F

ug itive Wa rra nt must b e dismisse d a fte r 90 da ys

  • N.C. Ge n. Sta t. §§ 15A-735 & 15A-737
  • T

he dismissa l o f the first fug itive wa rra nt is no t a b a r to a se c o nd fug itive wa rra nt.

  • A Go ve rno r’ s Wa rra nt is a n a rre st wa rra nt. If a fug itive

wa rra nt ha s b e e n dismisse d – the Go ve rno r’ s Wa rra nt c a n a nd sho uld b e use d to a rre st the fug itive a g a in.

  • A

fugitive war r a nt dismissal has no be ar ing upon a Gove rnor’s Warrant.

  • A se c o nd Go ve rno r’ s Wa rra nt c a n b e issue d in c e rtain

c irc umsta nc e s – te c hnic a l e rro rs, re -a rre st o n ne w fug itive wa rra nt, e tc .

ARRAIGNME NT ON GOVE RNOR’S WARRANT

Upo n se rvic e & a rre st:

  • F

ug itive must b e a rra ig ne d forthwith

  • F

ug itive must b e a dvise d

  • De ma nd ha s b e e n ma de fo r e xtra ditio n
  • Sta tuto ry rig ht to c o unse l
  • Rig ht to c ha lle ng e wa rra nt – Wr

it of Habe as Cor pus

  • F

a ilure to b ring the m b e fo re a Jud g e to b e Advise d is a Cla ss 2 misde me anor

  • Se e N.C. Ge n. Sta t. § 15A-731
  • Compe te nc e to a ssist c o unse l in e xtra ditio n pro c e e ding s

ma y b e ra ise d

WRIT OF HABE AS CORPUS N.C. GE

  • N. ST

AT . § 15A-730

F ug itive ma y o nly c ha lle ng e le g a lity o f Go ve rno r’ s Wa rra nt o n

four issue s:

  • E

xtra ditio n do c ume nts no t le g a lly suffic ie nt

  • Ide ntity – No t the pe rso n wa nte d in De ma nding Sta te
  • No t sub sta ntia lly c ha rg e d with a c rime in the De ma nding Sta te
  • No t a “fug itive ”

Se e Mic higan v. Do ran, 439 U.S. a t 289 (1978) Ple a se no tify E xtra ditio n Se c re ta ry if a Writ o f Ha b e a s Co rpus is file d.

HABE AS CORPUS PROCE SS

T he Distric t Atto rne y’ s Offic e will ha ndle ha b e a s pro c e e ding s. Ple a se c o nta c t E xtra ditio n Se c re ta ry fo r ha b e a s ma te ria ls to use in a ha b e a s he a ring .

  • A judg e sho uld g ive a re a so na b le pe rio d within whic h to file

– 10 da ys

  • Go ve rno r’ s Wa rra nt prima fac ie e vide nc e a ll re q uire me nts
  • f e xtra ditio n ha ve b e e n me t
  • Onc e prima fac ie

sho wing ha s b e e n ma d e , fugitive

has bur de n of c le ar and c onvinc ing e vide nc e

  • Stric t rule s o f e vide nc e ina pplic a b le
  • Affida vits, Do c ume nta tio n, Pho to g ra phs, F

ing e rprints

  • If writ de nie d, fug itive ma y a ppe a l
  • De nia l is c o nside re d a fina l o rde r. Unle ss a sta y is issue d b y the

N.C. Co urt o f App e a ls, the y c a n b e e xtra dite d e ve n if a ppe a le d.

45 46 47 48

slide-13
SLIDE 13

June 2019 13

E XT RADIT ION ORDE R

Upo n a rra ig nme nt a nd/ o r de nia l o f writ o f ha b e a s c o rpus

  • Asylum Sta te c o urt o rde rs fug itive e xtra dite d
  • Se ts da te fo r pic k-up
  • 18 U.S.C. § 3182 “ may b e disc ha rg e d a fte r 30 da ys”
  • F

ug itive must file writ o f ha b e a s re q ue sting re le a se

  • De ma nding Sta te is no tifie d fug itive is a vaila b le fo r pic k-

up

  • F

ug itive is re turne d to De ma nding Sta te fo r pro se c utio n

  • F

ug itive ma y b e trie d fo r a dditio na l c rime s in De ma nding Sta te , no t spe c ifie d in re q uisitio n

  • Se e N.C. Ge n. Sta t. § 15A-748

ORIGINAL GOVE RNOR’S WARRANT PACKAGE

  • T

his inc lude s the Go ve rno r’ s Wa rra nt, Go ve rno r’ s Re q uisitio n, a pplic a tio n, c ro ss-c e rtific a tio ns, a ll suppo rting do c ume nts

  • T

his do c ume nt sho uld NE

VE R b e le ft in the c le rk’ s file

  • T

he o rig ina ls must b e a va ila b le to the Co urt a nd the n the y sho uld fo llo w the fug itive

  • Must b e sig ne d b y tra nspo rting a g e nt
  • Cle rk is e ntitle d to a c o py
  • AL

Lo rig ina l do c ume nts in pa c ka g e must b e re turne d to

E xtra ditio n Se c re ta ry

GOVE RNOR’S WARRANT RE CAL L N.C. GE

  • N. ST

AT . § 15A-741

  • A Go ve rno r’ s Wa rra nt ma y only b e re c a lle d b y the E

xtra ditio n Se c re ta ry upo n info rma tio n re c e ive d fro m the E xtra ditio n Co o rdina to r in the De ma nding Sta te

  • E

xe c utive Pro c e ss –

  • No t Judic ia l
  • Ca nno t b e re c a lle d b y a pro se c uto r
  • Co mity a mo ng st Go ve rno rs
  • If

yo u ha ve re q ue ste d a Go ve rno r’ s Re q uisitio n a nd sub se q ue ntly de c ide no t to pro se c ute o r yo u no lo ng e r ne e d a Go ve rno r’ s Wa rra nt – No tify the E xtra ditio n Se c re ta ry

imme diate ly to e ffe c tive ly Withdra w the Go ve rno r’ s Re q uisitio n

a nd Re c a ll the Go ve rno r’ s Wa rra nt

AL T E RNAT IVE S T O E XT RADIT ION

  • E

xe c utive Ag re e me nts

  • Go ve rno r’ s po lic y to o nly use whe n c ha rg e d with

a c a pita l c rime

  • Or whe n

a Sta te ha s no t sig ne d

  • n

to the I nte rsta te Ag re e me nt o n De ta ine rs

  • Witne sse s
  • Writs
  • Juve nile s
  • Civil Co mmitme nts

49 50 51 52

slide-14
SLIDE 14

June 2019 14

E XT RADIT ION COMPL E T E

  • Re c e ipt

by Age nt –

Onc e

  • rd e re d

b a c k to De ma nding Sta te , a g e nts fro m De ma nding Sta te must fill

  • ut

b o tto m po rtio n

  • n

the b a c k

  • f

Go ve rno r’ s Wa rra nt

  • Re tur

n Or iginal Gove r nor ’s War r ant with AL L Supporting Doc ume nts – Cle rks ma y ma inta in a c o py

  • f

Go ve rno r’ s Wa rra nt a nd a ll suppo rting do c ume nta tio n, a ll orig ina ls must b e re turne d to E xtra ditio n Se c re ta ry

  • F

ugitive Re c e ive d by NC –

E ma il E xtra ditio n Se c re ta ry to no tify

  • f

fug itive ’ s a rriva l in No rth Ca ro lina .

BASE D UPON T HE PRE SE NT AT I ON: E XT RADI T I ON AND RE NDI T I ON T E RMS & PROCE SS

Na tio na l Asso c ia tio n o f E xtra ditio n Offic ia ls

ADDIT IONAL RE SOURCE :

Available from UNC Sc hool of Gove rnme nt T

  • orde r online :

www.sog.unc .e du/ pubs E mail: sale s@sog.unc .e du Phone : (919) 966-4119

Angie We st Byrd, NCCP E xtradition Se c re tary North Carolina De partme nt of Justic e (919) 716- 6578 abyrd@nc doj.gov

53 54 55 56