E NHANCEMENT AND B IODIVERSITY C ONSERVATION Buffer Zone of Bardiya - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

MENTHA (MENTHA ARVENSIS) CULTIVATION FOR THE LIVELIHOOD ENHANCEMENT AND BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION Buffer Zone of Bardiya National Park, Bardiya, Nepal Rabin Kadariya Program In Charge National Trust for Nature Conservation Bardia Conservation Program Bardia, Nepal UNEP-APFED Showcase Program, 2009

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Project Summary

• Project period: August 2009 - March 2011
• UNEP Garnt : 29,972 USD
• Fund Leverage:
• NTNC: 13,800 USD
• Other: 45,867 USD (Local CBOs)
• Project Implementation: NTNC and BNP
• People benefited: Indigenous tharu people and hill migrants

who live contiguous to park boundary

• Project Location: Buffer zone of Bardia National Park

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Project Location

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BARDIA NATIONAL PARK

What is Human Wildlife Conflict?

• A rhino in farmer wheat field, an

elephant trampling farmer house,

• r a leopard eating farmer's goat

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Causes of HWC

• Increasing human settlement and livestock grazing in

the traditional corridor of wildlife and near to the park boundary.

Paddy

• local economy depend on subsistence agricultural

farming especially cereal crops which are most preferred by wildlife

Maize Lentil Wheat

Causes of HWC Contd...........

• Very poor economic condition

Poor houses Open coral

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Causes of HWC Contd...........

• People pressure inside the park

Grass cutting and firewood collection Conflagration

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Causes of HWC Contd...........

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• Re-colonize population of Elephant and Translocation of

Rhino

How severe is the problem in Bardia?

• 47% of winter wheat crops were damaged by

wildlife in the area closest to the park boundary (Studsrod and Wegge, 1995 and Poudel, 2002) .

• 35.5% to 76% depending on proximity to park

(Dahal,2001).

• Significantly higher losses of rice were

recorded (83%) (Poudel, 2002).

• From 2000-2007, there were 1792 claims in

BZMC.

Traditional Method (Human wildlife Conflict Mitigation)

• Chasing by

producing loud noise and using fire torch

• leave the land

fallow

• locally made watch tower
• Trench, Scarecrow and rope fence

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Modern Approaches

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• Cultivation of unpalatable crops (aromatic crops)
• Electric fencing
• Integrated approach

Objectives of Mentha Cultivation Project

• Exploring the solution for crop depredation by

wildlife

• Mitigating human-wildlife conflicts
• Improving the economic condition of indigenous

people and

• Awareness raising for the biodiversity conservation
• f national park by providing knowledge on its

importance.

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Project Activities

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Conservation Education Session

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• Community Outreach
• Eco club support
• Eco teacher workshop
• Jungle visit program

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Major Aromatic Crops: Famer adopted

Mentha (Mentha arvensis) Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla)

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• Lemon grass and Citronella
• Selection of famer
• Cultivation training
• Seed/sucker support
• Establishment of DU
• Market of product

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Simple mentha DU (USD 3700) Multipurpose DU (USD 23500 ) Medium Multipurpose DU (USD 10000 )

Distillation Unit Types

Differences between the traditional crops and mentha

• The average land holding in the area is less than 1

bigha (0.68 hectares). From 1 ha, a farmer can earn 1200 USD if they plant mentha, compared to about 400 USD from wheat and only 200 USD from maize

• Individual farmers earn additional income which

ranges 70 USD to 1000 USD depending upon land availability, in an average 190 USD per farmer, only in four month and paddy can be grown in rainy season which maintain the food security with additional income in the poor houses.

• No damage to mentha from wildlife whereas severe

damage of wheat and maize by rhino and elephants

• farmers have a positive attitude towards wildlife

conservation as the mentha is not raided by wildlife

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Minimization of crop raiding

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2011 2010 2009 2012

Is Mentha cultivation is sustainable and replicable ?

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• Famers are having to keep mentha sucker in their farmland
• Cooperative arrange for the marketing of products
• Famers of non project areas of BNP and other protected areas

are also adopting the crop

Learning

• Alternative crops are the major scio-enviormental

approach for human wildlife conflict around the habitat of wildlife

• Problem solution initiative is highly accepted by

the community

• Local communities are involved in wildlife

conservation if the conflicts are avoided.

• Any initiatives should have cash value and high

economic benefit.

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Opportunities in the South Asia

• It can be replicated in the HWC prone area of

South Area region (tropical and subtropical region) for the active involvement local communities in the conservation of large mammals such as rhino and elephant and other herbivores

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HOW?

• Media ( newspaper, TV, Poster, internet, Facebook,

Journal)

• Conference/Workshop

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ID 1 ID 5

Terrible Thito

ID 7 ID 8 & 9 ID 3 & 4 ID 2 ID 10 & 13 ID 11 ID 12 ID 14 & 15

ID 16 & 17

ID 18 ID 19 ID 20

Khagchiruwa Tikhe Thute Mau & its Calf Linde Bhale

ID 6

KCT’s Calf V-Kane Bhale Tikhe Mau & its Calf Raun Kane Pothi & its Calf Ghaite Gainda Golaghat Bhale Kan Katuwa Pothi & its Calf Gori Pothi & its Calf Nikunja Bhale Khag Tutali Pothi V-Kane Bhale-B

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Please Let Us Live Together !!!

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