Diamonds for Beam Instrumentation TIPP 2011, Chicago, 9.6.2011 - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Diamonds for Beam Instrumentation TIPP 2011, Chicago, 9.6.2011 - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Diamonds for Beam Instrumentation TIPP 2011, Chicago, 9.6.2011 Erich Griesmayer CERN and CIVIDEC Instrumentation Overview Diamond Detectors Physics Application Examples Summary The Diamond Detector Substrate Diamond Substrate:

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Diamonds for Beam Instrumentation

TIPP 2011, Chicago, 9.6.2011 Erich Griesmayer CERN and CIVIDEC Instrumentation

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SLIDE 2

Overview

  • Diamond Detectors
  • Physics
  • Application Examples
  • Summary
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SLIDE 3

The Diamond Detector

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Diamond Substrate: pCVD = 10x10 mm2 x 0.5 mm sCVD = 5x5 mm2 x 0.5 mm

10 mm

Next transparency

Substrate

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pCVD Substrate

500 um

Crystal boundaries, 100 – 200 um Charge-collection distance 200 um  Trapping  Reduction of ionization charges

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Diamond Detectors

pCVD sCVD

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SLIDE 7

Diamond Beam Monitor

Detector AC/DC Splitter 2 GHz Amplifier

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SLIDE 8

Physics

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Principle of Ionization

13 eV/eh-pair 1.6 fC/MIP

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SLIDE 10

Modes of Operation

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SLIDE 11

Proton Interaction

E > : protons traverse detector E < : protons penetrate the detector (calorimetric mode)  Direct measurement of the ionization charge.  Single protons, efficiency = 100%

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Proton Interaction

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Proton Interaction

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Proton Interaction

Traversing Absorption

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Proton Interaction

Single particles

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Proton Interaction

Single particles Absorption Particle bunches Absorption Single particles Traversing

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SLIDE 17

Proton Interaction

Single particles Absorption Particle bunches Absorption Single particles Traversing LHC TEVATRON P.T. ISOLDE

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Electron Interaction

E > : electrons traverse detector E < : electrons penetrate the detector (calorimetric mode)  Direct measurement of the ionization charge.  Single electrons, efficiency = 100%

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Electron Interaction

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Electron Interaction

400 Single particles Absorption Particle bunches Absorption Single particles Traversing

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Neutron Interaction

: Converter foil (B, Gd) and measure n  a conversion products : Direct measurement of n  a interaction

  • f neutrons and detector

 Direct and indirect measurement of the n  a ionization charge.  Single neutrons, efficiency << 100%  Neutron flux, efficiency = 100%

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Photon Interaction

: Photo excitation current Fluorescence monitors Ionization  direct measurement, single photon detection  Direct and indirect measurement of the ionization  Direct measurement of the excitation  Single photons, efficiency << 100% Photon flux, efficiency = 100%

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SLIDE 23

Photon Interaction

per 100’000 photons

Ionization Excitation

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SLIDE 24

Applications

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SLIDE 25

Beam Instrumentation Detectors

Protons

  • Beam Loss / Position / Profile Monitors

Electrons

  • Beam Loss Monitors

Photons

  • Beam Position Monitors (SLS, XFEL)

Neutrons

  • Flux monitors (14 MeV fusion, radiation protection)
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SLIDE 26

Application Example 1: PROTONS

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SLIDE 27

Proton Therapy

IBA Cyclotron in Orsay

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SLIDE 28

Proton Therapy

Energy calibration

IBA Cyclotron 50 MeV – 200 MeV

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Proton Therapy

Beam structure

100 mV/div 20 ns/div 9 ns RF period 200 MeV protons, 106 MHz RF IBA Cyclotron

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Proton Therapy

Phase measurement

10 ns/div 200 MeV protons, 106 MHz RF

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Proton Therapy

10 ps phase resolution 3° = 80 ps phase stability

Phase measurement

IBA Cyclotron 10 ns/div 200 MeV protons, 106 MHz RF

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SLIDE 32

CERN ISOLDE – Heavy Ions

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Heavy Ions

10 ns/div 50 mV/div

Calorimetric spectroscopy

dE/E = 0.6% Energy resolution 23 MeV C-ions REX ISOLDE Energy

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SLIDE 34

LHC - Diamond Beam Loss Monitor

LHC – Collimation Area – IP7

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Unexpected beam abort (“UFO”)

LHC - DBLM

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1 ms

 DBLM  Ionization Chambers

LHC - DBLM

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SLIDE 37

1 ms

 DBLM  Ionization Chambers

LHC - DBLM

Zoom for next transparency

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SLIDE 38

LHC - DBLM

100 us

Zoom x10

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SLIDE 39

10 us

LHC - DBLM

Zoom x100

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LHC - DBLM

1 us

Zoom x1000

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SLIDE 41

LHC - DBLM

100 ns

Zoom x10’000

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Application Example 2: Neutrons

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Neutron Measurement

n_TOF experiment at CERN: thermal to GeV neutrons

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Neutron Measurement

500 us/div 200 mV/div 6 MeV to GeV neutron time-of-flight n_TOF at CERN

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SLIDE 45

Neutron Measurement

n  a n  p Measurement of n  a and n  p interactions

Pulse shapes of interactions

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SLIDE 46

Application Example 3: Photons

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SLIDE 47

Medical LINAC

AKH Vienna X-rays: 6 MV – 25 MV Dose-rate: 4 Gy/min

Courtesy: D. Georg

Water phantom Diamond Detector

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SLIDE 48

10 MeV Photons

Depth-dose profile measurement

1% agreement with a reference Thimble Ionization Chamber 2.5 ms bunch rate Single photon bunch of 2 us

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SLIDE 49

Summary

  • Radiation resistance
  • Fast  10 ps time resolution, 360 ps for single

particles

  • High sensitivity  single particles with +40 dB
  • High dynamic range  attenuation -40 dB
  • Protons – electrons – neutrons – photons
  • BLM, BPM, Counter, Spectroscopy, Phase
  • Many other potential applications…..
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Conclusion

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Thank you for your attention !

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CVD Parameter

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Radiation Hardness

24 GeV protons