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DECOMPOSITION and Aerobic Thermal Composting By: Molly Haviland - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Feb 16, 2023 •428 likes •730 views

DECOMPOSITION and Aerobic Thermal Composting By: Molly Haviland for Living Soil MUM 2013 Tuesday, April 2, 2013 A BALANCED SYSTEM SUPPORTS 1. Soil Stabilization 2. Soil Aeration 3. Nutrient Retention 4. Nutrient Cycling 5. Water Retention

  1. DECOMPOSITION and Aerobic Thermal Composting By: Molly Haviland for Living Soil MUM 2013 Tuesday, April 2, 2013

  2. A BALANCED SYSTEM SUPPORTS 1. Soil Stabilization 2. Soil Aeration 3. Nutrient Retention 4. Nutrient Cycling 5. Water Retention 6. Plant Fertility 7. Carbon Sequestration Tuesday, April 2, 2013

  3. WHAT IS COMPOSTING? Tuesday, April 2, 2013

  4. WHAT IS COMPOSTING? “Composting is oxidative decomposition of a mix of different kinds of organic matter.” - Dr. Ingham Tuesday, April 2, 2013

  5. OXIDATIVE Tuesday, April 2, 2013

  6. OXIDATIVE “taking place in the presence of oxygen” AEROBIC “living with air” Anaerobic “living without air” Tuesday, April 2, 2013

  7. TOXINS RELEASED Under Anaerobic Conditions • Hydrogen Sulfide: H2S • Ammonia: NH3 • Phosphine: PH3 • Alcohol • Phenols Tuesday, April 2, 2013

  8. MONITORING O2 LEVELS • O2 Sensor • What Do You Smell? • Vinegar = Acetic Acid • Sour Milk = Butyric Acid • Vomit = Valeric Acid • Decaying Flesh = Putrescine Tuesday, April 2, 2013

  9. DECOMPOSITION ? Tuesday, April 2, 2013

  10. DECOMPOSITION ? “breaking down component parts and rebuilding them” Tuesday, April 2, 2013

  11. DECOMPOSITION ? “breaking down component parts and rebuilding them” Tuesday, April 2, 2013

  12. DIRT VS SOIL Mineral Component Life Component sand, silt, and clay + organisms and OM Tuesday, April 2, 2013

  13. WHAT IS ORGANIC MATTER? Tuesday, April 2, 2013

  14. WHAT IS ORGANIC MATTER? • Anything that was once living Tuesday, April 2, 2013

  15. WHAT IS ORGANIC MATTER? • Anything that was once living • C-C linkages Tuesday, April 2, 2013

  16. AEROBIC THERMAL COMPOSTING • Kills Pathogens and weed seeds • Finished in 2-4 Months • Stable Inoculum • Labor Intensive Tuesday, April 2, 2013

  17. POINTS TO CONSIDER • Location • Size • Temperature • Moisture • Ingredient Ratios Tuesday, April 2, 2013

  18. TEMPERATURE Organic Standards Require • At or above 131 F for 10-15 days • Turned 5 times within those days Tuesday, April 2, 2013

  19. MOISTURE • Soil Moisture Meters • Hand Squeeze Method • Water Quality Tuesday, April 2, 2013

  20. STARTING MATERIALS Tuesday, April 2, 2013

  21. STARTING MATERIALS High Nitrogen 10:1 Tuesday, April 2, 2013

  22. STARTING MATERIALS High Nitrogen 10:1 Green - Young 30:1 Tuesday, April 2, 2013

  23. STARTING MATERIALS High Nitrogen 10:1 Green - Young 30:1 Woody - Mature 100:1 Tuesday, April 2, 2013

  24. STARTING MATERIALS High Nitrogen 10:1 *Bacterial Food *Fresh Manure *Legumes *Nitrogen Fixing Plants Green - Young 30:1 Woody - Mature 100:1 Tuesday, April 2, 2013

  25. STARTING MATERIALS High Nitrogen 10:1 *Bacterial Food *Fresh Manure *Legumes *Nitrogen Fixing Plants Green - Young 30:1 *Bacterial Food *Anything Cut Green Woody - Mature 100:1 Tuesday, April 2, 2013

  26. STARTING MATERIALS High Nitrogen 10:1 *Bacterial Food *Fresh Manure *Legumes *Nitrogen Fixing Plants Green - Young 30:1 *Bacterial Food *Anything Cut Green Woody - Mature 100:1 *Fungal Food *Lignin/Cellulose Dense Tuesday, April 2, 2013

  27. RECIPES Bacterial Pile Balanced Pile - 25% High Nitrogen - 25% High Nitrogen - 45% Green - Equal Parts Woody - 30% Woody and Green Fungal Pile Slow Fungal Pile - 25% High Nitrogen - 10% High Nitrogen - 45% Woody - 60% Woody - 30% Green - 30% Green Tuesday, April 2, 2013

  28. HOMEWORK Read -Teaming with Microbes, by Lowenfels and Lewis (L&L): Preface through chapter 1 Char -Soil Biology Primer, by NRCS (SBP): The Soil Food Web -Syllabus : http://livingsoilsp2011.files.wordpress.com Create Blog - Post address as a comment on the Homepage of the Living Soil Blog - find one that will accept the microscope spread sheet in full Tuesday, April 2, 2013

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