SLIDE 1
1
2
Goa ls:
- I
de ntify c o mmo n o r re a so na b ly fe a sib le pa thwa ys fo r tra nspo rta tio n use s o f me tha ne fro m da iry dig e stio n
- I
de ntify re a so na b le a ssumptio ns a nd sc e na rio s
- E
Da iry Dig e ste r E missio ns Ma trix (DRAF T ) DAIRY AND L - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Da iry Dig e ste r E missio ns Ma trix (DRAF T ) DAIRY AND L - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Da iry Dig e ste r E missio ns Ma trix (DRAF T ) DAIRY AND L IVE ST OCK SUBGROUP #2: F OST E RING MARKE T S F OR DIGE ST E R PROJE CT S Ma y 23, 2018 Sa c ra me nto , CA Julie Billing to n 1 I ntro duc tio n Goa ls:
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SLIDE 3
3
Bio me thane : me tha ne de rive d fro m dig e stio n o f o rg a nic s upg ra de d to
b e suita b le fo r pipe line inje c tio n
Bio gas: dig e ste r g a s fo r o n-site use tha t ha s no t b e e n upg ra de d fo r
pipe line inje c tio n
L
- c al: e missio ns o r fue l use o c c urring o n-site plus e missio ns o r fue l use
- c c urring b e fo re g a s is inje c te d into a pipe line o r e le c tric ity is pla c e d
- n the g rid
Re mo te : e missio ns o r fue l use o c c urring o ff-site a fte r g a s is inje c te d into
a pipe line o r e le c tric ity is pla c e d o n the g rid. I nc lude s g rid e le c tric ity use d fo r da iry fa rm e q uipme nt.
T e rmino lo g y
SLIDE 4
4
Base line : Unc o ve re d la g o o n Pathways (fr
- m c ove r
e d lagoon):
1. Bio g a s to o n-site re c ipro c a ting e ng ine pro duc ing g rid e le c tric ity fo r po we ring e le c tric ve hic le s (E V) 2. Bio me tha ne inje c tio n to pipe line fo r po we ring na tura l g a s (NG) ve hic le s 3. Bio me tha ne inje c tio n to pipe line fo r use in la rg e , c o mb ine d c yc le po we r pla nts pro duc ing g rid e le c tric ity fo r po we ring E Vs 4. Bio me tha ne inje c tio n to pipe line fo r ste a m me tha ne re fo rma tio n (SMR) pro duc ing hydro g e n fo r po we ring fue l c e ll ve hic le s 5. Bio me tha ne inje c tio n to pipe line to supply fue l c e lls pro duc ing g rid e le c tric ity fo r po we ring E Vs
Ba se line a nd Pa thwa ys E va lua te d
SLIDE 5
5
Ge ne r al Me thods and Assumptions (all pathways e valuate d)
- E
missions mode l: CA-GRE
E T 2.0 Da iry-CNG T e mpla te (https:/ / www.a rb .c a .g o v/ fue ls/ lc fs/ c a -g re e t/ c a -g re e t2-da iryc ng .xlsm)
- T
ailpipe e missions: E
MF AC2017 (v 1.0.2) https:/ / www.a rb .c a .g o v/ e mfa c / 2017/
- Sour
c e of mode l inputs:
–
Air distric t pe rmits a nd so urc e te sting
–
Ma nufa c ture r spe c ific a tio ns
–
Da iry Dig e ste r Re se a rc h a nd De ve lo pme nt (DDRDP) Ca lc ula to r T
- o l
(https:/ / www.a rb .c a .g o v/ c c / c a pa ndtra de / a uc tio npro c e e ds/ c dfa _ddrdp_fi na lc a lc ula to r_17-18.xlsx)
Mo de ls a nd Assumptio ns
SLIDE 6
6
Ge ne r al Me thods and Assumptions (all pathways e valuate d)
- Me thane 20- ye ar
GWP: 72
- Me thane 100- ye ar
GWP: 25
- Assume d dair
y size : 5,000 c o ws
- Dair
y type : F
re e sta ll with flush ma nure ma na g e me nt
- Ope n lagoon me thane e missions (base line ): 980 MT
/ yr
- Me thane to Pr
- je c t: 980 MT
/ yr minus 5% le a ka g e fro m c o ve re d la g o o n
Assumptio ns (Co nt.)
SLIDE 7
7
Assumptio ns (Co nt.)
Assumption c ommon to base line and pathways
- E
missio ns c a lc ula te d o n lo c a l a nd re mo te b a sis
- Pe riphe ra l e q uipme nt use s g rid e le c tric ity
Assumptions for dige ste r pr
- je c ts
- Ba se line so lids se pa ra tio n via sta tio na ry sc re e n
- Do ub le -line d c o ve re d la g o o n (no he a ting o r mixing )
- Dig e ste r c o ve r le a k ra te o f 5%
- Pro je c ts must me e t b e st a va ila b le c o ntro l te c hno lo g y
SLIDE 8
8
Off- Site Use Assumptions
- Re ne wa b le na tura l g a s
- Dista nc e fro m initia l pipe line inje c tio n to fue ling sta tio n is 100 mile s
- Re ne wab le hydro g e n
- Dista nc e fro m pipe line inje c tio n to SMR is 100 mile s
- Dista nc e fro m SMR to fue ling sta tio n is 100 mile s
- Statio nary fue l c e lls (so lid o xide )
- 57% e ffic ie nc y
- E
le c tric ity a nd hydro g e n pa thwa ys use me dium-duty ve hic le
- Grid e le c tric ity line lo ss o f 6.5%
Assumptio ns (Co nt.)
SLIDE 9
Dairy Digester Emissions Matrix
A
B
CDEFGH
C O
2e
(20-yrGWP)
C O2e
(100-yrGWP)
NOx P M10
pm2.5
co
S Ox VOC s Uncovered Lagoon
B as eline Totals
(Local + R emote)
70,581 24,519 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1
< 0.1 < 0.1 3.0
Onsite R eciprocating E ngine to Grid and E
Vs
Local 17,491 7,474 0.5
0.2 0.2 8.5 <0.1 0.6
R emote
765 318 0.1 <0.1 <0.1 0.1 0.1 <0.1
S ubtotal
(R
- w 2 + R
- w 3)
18,256 7,792 0.6 0.2 0.2 8.6 0.1 0.6
Diesel Displaced 8,609 7,629
5.5 1.1 0.6 5.4 2.4 1.0 Pathway E mis s ions
(R
- w 4 - R
- w 5)
9,647 163
- 4.9
- 0.9
- 0.4
3.2
- 2.3
- 0.4
Net B enefit
- vs. uncovered lagoon
(R
- w 6- R
- w 1)
- 60,934
- 24,356
- 4.9
- 0.9
- 0.4
3.2
- 2.3
- 3.4
P ipeline Injection to NG Vehicles
Local 15,448 5,268 0.1
<0.1 <0.1 1.2 <0.1 0.3
R emote
4,839 3,568 4.6
0.2 0.2 52.5 0.2 0.6
S ubtotal
(R
- w 8+ R
- w 9)
20,287 8,837 4.7 0.2 0.2 53.7 0.2 0.9
Diesel Displaced 4,197 3,720 8.8
0.4 0.2 1.6
1.2 12.0 Pathway E mis s ions
(R
- w 10 - R
- w 11)
16,090 5,117
- 4.1
- 0.2
< 0.1 52.1
- 1.0
- 11.1
Net B enefit
- vs. uncovered lagoon
(R
- w 12-R
- w 1)
- 54,491
- 19,402
- 4.1
- 0.2
< 0.1 52.1
- 1.0
- 14.1
SLIDE 10
Dairy Digester Emissions Matrix (Cont.)
1 14 15 16
17
IS
19 17 18 19
20
21 22 A
B
CDEFGH
C O
2e
(20-yr GWP)
C O2e
(100-yr GWP)
NOx
P M10 P Mis
co
S Ox VOC s Uncovered Lagoon
B as eline Totals
(Local + R emote)
70,581 24,519 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 3.0
P ipeline Injection to P
- wer P
lant, Grid and E Vs
Local
15,448 5,268 0.1 <0.1
<0.1 1.2 <0.1 0.3 Remote
3,860
2,957 0.4
0.1 0.1 0.4 0.2 0.1 S ubtotal
(R
- w 12 + R
- w 13)
19,307 8,226 0.5 0.1 0.1 1.6 0.2 0.4 Diesel Displaced
11,916 10,560 7.6 1.6 0.9 7.4 3.3 1.4
Pathway E mis s ions
(R
- w 16 - R
- w 17)
7,391
- 2,334
- 7.1
- 1.5
- 0.8
- 5.8
- 3.1
- 1.0
Net B enefit
- vs. uncovered lagoon
(R
- w 18-R
- w 1)
- 63,190
- 26,853
- 7.1
- 1.5
- 0.8
- 5.8
- 3.1
- 4.0
P ipeline Injection to Hydrogen Vehicles
(Hjfrom S
MR ) Local
15,448 5,268 0.1 <0.1
<0.1 1.2 <0.1 0.3 Remote 6,140
5,017 3.5 0.6 0.6 1.9 2.4 0.4
S ubtotal
(R
- w 17 + R
- w 18)
21,588 10,285 3.6 0.6 0.6 3.1 2.4 0.7 Diesel Displaced
7,709 6,832
4.9
1.0 0.6 4.8 2.1 0.9 Pathway E mis s ions
(R
- w 19 - R
- w 20)
13,879 3,453
- 1.3
- 0.4
< 0.1
- 1.7
0.3
- 0.2
Net B enefit
- vs. uncovered lagoon
(R
- w 21-R
- w 1)
- 56,702
- 21,066
- 1.3
- 0.4
< 0.1
- 1.7
0.3
- 3.2
SLIDE 11
Dairy Digester Emissions Matrix (Cont.)
A
B
CDEFGH
C O2e
(2O-yr GWP)
C O2e
(100-yr GWP)
NOx
PM10
pm2.5
C O S Ox VOC s Uncovered L agoon
Baseline Totals
(Local + R emote]
70,581 24,519
< 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 3.0
Pipeline Injection to Fuel C ell, Grid and E Vs
(S
- lid Oxide Fuel C
ell)
Local
15,448 5,268 0.1 <0.1 <0.1 1.2 <0.1 0.3
Remote
3,860 2,957 0.6 <0.1 <0.1 0.5 0.1 0.1
Subtotal
(R
- w 23 + R
- w 24)
19,308 8,225 0.7 0.1 0.1 1.7 0.1 0.3 Diesel Displaced
13,292 11,779 8.5 1.8 1.0 8.3 3.7 1.5
Pathway E mis s ions
(R
- w 25 - R
- w 26)
6,016
- 3,554
- 7.8
- 1.7
- 0.9
- 6.6
- 3.6
- 1.2
Net Benefit
- vs. uncovered lagoon
(R
- w 27- R
- w 1)
- 64,565
- 28,073
- 7.8
- 1.7
- 0.9
- 6.6
- 3.6
- 4.2
SLIDE 12
12
GHG Be ne fits fo r Re c ip. E ng ine
SLIDE 13
13
GHG Be ne fits fo r Re c ip. E ng ine (Co nt.)
SLIDE 14
14
NOx Be ne fits fo r Re c ip. E ng ine (Co nt.)
SLIDE 15
15
Qua lita tive E nviro nme nta l I mpa c ts
H2S Pathways H2S NH3 N2O WQ Onsite r e c ipr
- c ating e ngine to gr
id and E V Pipe line inje c tion to NG ve hic le Pipe line inje c tion to powe r plant, gr id, and E Vs Pipe line inje c tion to hydr
- ge n fue l c e ll ve hic le s
Pipe line inje c tion to fue l c e ll, gr id, to E Vs
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16
Summa ry
- GHG e missio ns a re lo we r in a ll pa thwa ys e va lua te d
- Mo st pa thwa ys sho w a ne t b e ne fit in c o -po lluta nts
- T
he re is no “silve r b ulle t” pa thwa y – a ll pa thwa ys e va lua te d ha ve re a so na b le a pplic a tio ns
- Qua lita tive a na lyse s sug g e st impro ve me nts in o the r e nviro nme nta l
me tric s
SLIDE 17
Co nta c t I nfo rma tio n
17