CSE5390 & 7390 Special Topics in Ubiquitous and Cognitive - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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CSE5390 & 7390 Special Topics in Ubiquitous and Cognitive - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Nov 11, 2023 146 likes •684 views

CSE5390 & 7390 Special Topics in Ubiquitous and Cognitive Computing Beyond Weiser Eric C. Larson, Lyle School of Engineering, Computer Science and Engineering, Southern Methodist University 1 1 class logistics look at the schedule

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Special Topics in Ubiquitous and Cognitive Computing

CSE5390 & 7390

Beyond Weiser

Eric C. Larson, Lyle School of Engineering, Computer Science and Engineering, Southern Methodist University

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class logistics

  • look at the schedule for discussion assignments
  • anyone not assigned?
  • first on deck:
  • any troubles viewing the lectures for Thursday?
  • anyone need an arduino?
  • downloading editor for class paper (due in about 10 days)

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https://drive.google.com/open?id=0B1AKbN_BN69aY0VncFNBYTdFc2M

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agenda

  • Blythe: hitchhiker’s guide to ubicomp
  • reading for the misreading
  • reframing the story
  • Abowd: collective computing
  • beyond the idea of ubicomp
  • …or how to make ubicomp fit into today’s paradigm

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Yvonne Rogers Paul Dourish Gregory Abowd

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  • professor at Newcastle University
  • design ethnography
  • both a writer and a a research scientist
  • also an artist

mark blythe

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hitchhiker’s ubicomp

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  • a critique on ubicomp through literary devices
  • give insights toward framing new ubicomp technology and design
  • deconstructionism, psychoanalytic, and feminism
  • parallel future readings: Arthur Dent and Joe Chip
  • incompetence versus political discord
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general criticism

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  • ubicomp writing is always “just around the corner”
  • ubicomp is far more messy than weiser’s vision, thus “we have not

noticed its arrival”

  • benign political and cultural context
  • related criticisms:
  • context is really hard
  • inference is imperfect
  • the panopticon
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  • the vision of ubicomp will never be more than a vision

…in the same way that AI will never be a human

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criticisms of weiser’s ubicomp

  • context and intelligence are too hard... successes thus far are

underwhelming

  • when “it” gets its wrong, we are extremely frustrated
  • technology abandonment

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the panopticon

  • easy to think we are always watched (and could be)
  • easy to overstep bounds

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“Such panopticon developments elicit a knee-jerk reaction of horror in us”

  • Yvonne Rogers
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back to Blythe

  • literary devices as scientific critical thought
  • pastiche writing
  • bring out thematic criticism otherwise left dormant
  • much more visceral than just criticizing! why?

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taking Sal apart

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  • Sal feels “cosy” from seeing the neighborhood
  • …like Winston smith “loves” big brother
  • she sees her children through a “window”
  • her perspectives are mediated…
  • she gets the manual to her garage door
  • …because its too difficult to operate
  • she “logs in” to work automatically
  • is she getting “clocked in” by superiors?
  • Sal at breakfast:
  • pen: there is a direct link to her office at the table…
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Sal and Joe

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  • deconstruct:
  • is sal keeping “tabs” on joe?
  • is there a shadow of anxiety and fear?
  • the big other…
  • psychoanalysis:
  • maybe it is collegial, maybe joe wants to be watched
  • “to see without being seen”, technology is aware of

its potential intrusiveness

  • surveillance without intrusion in this case
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Sal as a woman

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  • third generation feminism: rights of males and females

is based upon more than a forced choice

  • where are her priorities? newspaper versus breakfast?

does she have a choice?

  • technical domination: does technology necessitate that

she appears to be working, never interacting “too long” with the children to be judged as not selecting “work”?

  • total collapse of home versus work has more effect
  • n the social perceptions of females than males… ?
  • what does this say about technology mirroring culture,

prejudice, and furthering mainstream opinion?

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pastiche

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Arthur Dent

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  • new technology: the fundamental design flaws of

technology are hidden by their superficial design flaws

  • the alarm clock
  • the garage door
  • a common mistake in designing something completely

foolproof is to underestimate the ingenuity of complete fools…

  • is uncooperative technology more likely to be

mastered? or abandoned?

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Joe Chip

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  • new technology: it ignores the status of Sal as a

executive, Sal’s utopia is Joe’s social dystopia

  • widening the technology gap
  • benign social contexts: technology is fine
  • what happens when there is conflict
  • a cheating spouse? a party at your parent’s

house?

  • consider weiser’s data trails in today’s political

landscape…

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moving on to next paper

  • has anything swayed your opinion from after Weiser’s vision?
  • one central point: ubicomp technology is written in the narrative of

Weiser’s Sal, with the varied and pointed problems largely ignored

  • for this class: know the limitations of a technology and be realistic

about your design

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  • Is setting out to define the next generation vision
  • AY-bowd
  • director of health systems institute
  • IT and health delivery
  • technology and autism
  • aware home research initiative
  • at the forefront of ubicomp, with Weiser

gregory abowd

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different criticisms

  • is Abowd defining a fourth generation of computing?
  • “rather than focus on the socio-technical criticisms, I draw

attention to missing elements in ubiquitous computing’s technical definition that could be leveraged today”

  • what separates ubicomp from collective computing?

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collective intelligence: shared or group intelligence that emerges from the collaboration, collective efforts, and competition of many individuals

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different criticisms

  • the available technology shapes fourth generation computing
  • “practices develop around technologies, and technologies are

adapted and incorporated into practices” -Paul Dourish

  • the three most influential pieces are:

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says Abowd!

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the cloud

  • some argue that the level of connectivity for ubicomp is not possible
  • “an emphasis on integration, albeit imperfect, is important

going forward”

  • computing beyond the device
  • health and wellness
  • productivity
  • entertainment
  • education

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the crowd

  • mechanical turk, online games
  • fills in gap that inference can never get right
  • key question: temporary versus mainstay
  • key ubicomp difference: we may not know the source of

intelligence…

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the shroud

  • the internet of things
  • the internet of nouns
  • “The last decade’s human body augmented

by a powerful pocket sized smartphone will face competition from a physically disaggregated collection of devices screaming for an aggregated experience”

—Gregory Abowd

  • spontaneous refiguring to deliver the right

tools…better?

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I don’t always call it #IoT… but when I do

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why focus on applications

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  • “practices develop around technologies, and technologies are

adapted and incorporated into practices” -Paul Dourish

  • key advantages:
  • marketplace not ignored
  • practicality is key
  • focus on applications that successfully employ cloud, crowd,

shroud

  • …which means fitting a problem to a tool (or does it)?
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driver: personal navigation

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  • to improve: more shroud
  • faster and more JIT access to information
  • wearables
  • HUD in cars
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follow on app: health

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  • extending services of health professionals
  • managing questions
  • patients like me
  • shroud gives:
  • unprecedented access to physical signals
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follow on app: education

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  • the MOOC with social networking
  • classroom experiences — how?
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follow on app: commerce

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  • the supply chain
  • who needs what
  • opinion about products and services
  • tracking and responsiveness
  • conflict management
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discussion

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  • what is the fundamental difference in ubiquitous and

collective computing?

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for next class...

  • next time: in class assignment in teams
  • get your micro controllers!!!
  • one week from Thursday: class paper
  • try to use this editor (cloud, crowd, shroud project):

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https://drive.google.com/open?id=0B1AKbN_BN69aY0VncFNBYTdFc2M

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Special Topics in Ubiquitous and Cognitive Computing

CSE5390 & 7390

Beyond Weiser

Eric C. Larson, Lyle School of Engineering, Computer Science and Engineering, Southern Methodist University

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Back up Slides

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what next ubicomp?

CSE5390 & 7390 Special Topics in Ubiquitous Computing

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  • optional reading from Gregory Abowd
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what next ubicomp?

CSE5390 & 7390 Special Topics in Ubiquitous Computing

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  • ubicomp as a niche area doesn’t make sense
  • its too broad to be an area of computing
  • ubicomp research no longer has a well defined vision
  • ... its the job of industry now! (maybe)
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weiser was right

CSE5390 & 7390 Special Topics in Ubiquitous Computing

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  • scaled computing exists (albeit with some counterexamples)
  • interconnected devices are pervasive
  • different levels of ownership are pervasive
  • (don’t worry about disposable electronics)
  • ... and now the research is done
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distinguished ubicomp

CSE5390 & 7390 Special Topics in Ubiquitous Computing

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  • living laboratories
  • maker community
  • your-noise-is-my-signal
  • multi-disciplinary
  • has multi-disciplinary helped or harmed collaborative

communities? (double duty)

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apps vs tech (theory vs apps)

CSE5390 & 7390 Special Topics in Ubiquitous Computing

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  • applications research vs. technology research
  • both have excellent track records
  • ...except when they don’t (hammer in search of a nail)
  • our best work goes beyond exploratory research and into the field

where it has the greatest impact

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an example: mainstream

CSE5390 & 7390 Special Topics in Ubiquitous Computing

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  • developers were no longer computer scientists
  • not true for ubicomp (?)
  • comes back to the programming interface--its not a 3D world...

(this gets back to Matt’s original assertion of Abowd’s datatypes)

  • ubicomp needs a well defined fourth generation of computing
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CSE5390 & 7390 Special Topics in Ubiquitous Computing

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agenda

  • last time: the vision of ubicomp, 10 year anniversary edition
  • Rogers: engaging ubicomp
  • context, ecology, and criticism
  • application areas: ubicomp without ubiquity
  • Blythe: hitchhiker’s guide to ubicomp
  • reading for the misreading
  • reframing the story

CSE5390 & 7390 Special Topics in Ubiquitous Computing

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engaging ubicomp

  • thesis: the vision of ubicomp will never be more

than a vision (in the same way that AI will never be a human)

CSE5390 & 7390 Special Topics in Ubiquitous Computing

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context is impossible

  • understanding context ... is more subtle, fluid, and idiosyncratic than

any machine can ever understand (like behavior, mood, and intention)

  • ubicomp is doomed by intractable ethical and computational

problems...

  • would we depend on computers?
  • will our ability to learn and remember suffer?
  • instead...

CSE5390 & 7390 Special Topics in Ubiquitous Computing

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ecology of resources

  • no need for invisibility, just an ensemble of resources
  • ... an internet of things...basically
  • design to extend and support what people do
  • let person take the initiative in choosing the tool

CSE5390 & 7390 Special Topics in Ubiquitous Computing

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criticisms of weiser’s ubicomp

  • context and intelligence are too hard... successes thus far are

underwhelming

  • when “it” gets its wrong, we are extremely frustrated

CSE5390 & 7390 Special Topics in Ubiquitous Computing

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criticisms: data integration

  • “While newer technological developments may enable more

accurate data to be detected and collected it is questionable as to how effectively it can be used. It still involves Herculean efforts to understand, interpret and act upon in real-time and in meaningful ways.”

  • people are unpredictable to our models, especially in real time

CSE5390 & 7390 Special Topics in Ubiquitous Computing

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IBM Blue Eyes

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criticisms: assistive care

  • researchers choose this because “target” and “use scenario” are

easily described

  • easy to overstep bounds

CSE5390 & 7390 Special Topics in Ubiquitous Computing

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“Such panopticon developments elicit a knee-jerk reaction of horror in us”

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rethinking pervasive

  • not an array of invisible sensors, but a rich environment of tools
  • interactions should be provocative, telling, thoughtful
  • non-experts should be able to build designs (only possible in simple

approaches)

  • “practices develop around technologies, and technologies are

adapted and incorporated into practices” -Paul Dourish

CSE5390 & 7390 Special Topics in Ubiquitous Computing

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app area: learn and play

CSE5390 & 7390 Special Topics in Ubiquitous Computing

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“Is it not the case that children can be highly creative and imaginative when given simply a cardboard box to play with? If so, why go to such lengths to provide them with new tools?”

“UbiComp and physical toys can both provoke and stimulate, but promote different kinds of learning and collaboration among children”

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app area: science & thought

CSE5390 & 7390 Special Topics in Ubiquitous Computing

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  • extended periods of

learning and analysis

  • critical thought

“…create opportunities for groups of students to explore ‘patient’ science”

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app area: behavior change

CSE5390 & 7390 Special Topics in Ubiquitous Computing

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“A challenge… is for long term studies to … show that it is the perpetual and time-sensitive nature of the sensed data and the type of feedback provided that contributes to behavioral modification”

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the “new” ubicomp?

CSE5390 & 7390 Special Topics in Ubiquitous Computing

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  • a more realistic vision?
  • visionary?
  • is calm computing not relevant if ubicomp tech is not completely

pervasive?

  • a paradigm shift: practical ubicomp?
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CSE5390 & 7390 Special Topics in Ubiquitous Computing

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  • we will never create an artificial human
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CSE5390 & 7390 Special Topics in Ubiquitous Computing

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