FEN-0.2.4 Crystallization Properties of Crude Palm Oil in Static and Dynamic Condition Nur Wulandari Hanna Mery Aulia • Department of Food Science & Technology - Faculty of Agricultural Enginering & Technology • SEAFAST Center BOGOR AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY INDONESIA
Introduction Study of fat crystallization of CPO Transportation in relatively high T > 55 o C Crude prevent palm oil crystallization (CPO) Indonesia is the largest producer of www.surabaya.indonetwork.co.id palm oil in the world 2
Research on crystallization properties of palm oil Crystallization study were conducted in isotermal condition solid sample • Vuillequez et al. (2010); Tarabukina et al . (2009); Graef et al . (2008, 2009); Chong et al. (2007); Miskandar et al. (2005) Crystallization properties of CPO in static and dynamic condition Treatments of cooling rate and shear rate 3
Objective The objective of this research was to obtain basic data about fat crystallization properties of CPO under static and dynamic condition 4 4
Methods Materials Crude palm oil (CPO) sample from private industry in Jakarta 5
Methods Instruments of Analysis • DYNAMIC CONDITION • STATIC CONDITION • Rheological Properties • T 55 - 25 o C (hold) • Solid fat content (SFC) • Cooling rate (0.2, 0.5, 1 • T 55 – 25 o C (hold) ºC/minute) • Cooling rate (0.2, 0.5, 1 • Shear rate (40, 100, 400 s -1 ) ºC/minute) Nuclear Magnetic Haake Viscometer Resonance (NMR) RV20 (Karlsruhe, Analyzer Bruker Germany) Minispec PC 100 6
Methods Crystallization kinetics were studied by Avrami model with parameters of crystallization rate ( k ) and Avrami constant ( n ) (Metin & Hartel 2005) Value of n and k were calculated from linearization of Avrami equation , as slope and intercept at ln t = 0 F is crystal fraction developed during crystallization time (minutes) ln (-ln (1-F) = ln (k) + n [ln(t)] (1) Half time of crystallization (t 1/2 ) calculated from Arrhenius equation (t 1/2 ) n = 0.693/k (2) 7 7
Results: Static condition 0.5 o C/min 1 o C/min SFC were increased during isothermal crystallization at cooling rate of 1, 0.5, 0.2 o C/min and 0.2 ºC/minutes 8
Determination of crystalization kinetic of CPO using Avrami model (cooling rate 0.2 o C/min, T c 25 o C, hold 40 minutes) 9
CPO crystallization kinetic parameters in static condition , studied from the increment of isotermal SFC at 25 ºC Cooling rate (ºC/min) Parameters 0.2 0.5 1 Avrami exponent(n) 1.614 2.032 2.170 Avrami constant (k) 0.013 0.003 0.002 Induction time (min) 2 5 7 SFC max (%) 12.815 11.245 10.725 t ½ (min) 11.953 15.750 14.884 CPO crystallized under slow cooling rate had higher solid fat content (SFC); higher Avrami constant ( k ) and lower Avrami exponent ( n ) than CPO which crystallized under fast cooling. CPO which crystallized under fast cooling had higher induction time and crystallization half time. 10
Results: Dynamic condition 1 o C/min 0.5 o C/min Apparent viscosity of CPO during shear rate and cooling rate treatments, hold at 25 o C 0.2 o C/min for 60 minutes 11
CPO crystallization kinetic parameters in dynamic condition, studied from increment of isotermal viscosity at 25 ºC Cooling Shear Induction rate CPO which rate (s -1 ) time (min)* (ºC/min) crystallized under 2.5 a 400 higher shear rate: 9.5 b 0.2 100 had higher rate of 10 b crystallization 40 with lower 11.5 c 400 induction time 20.5 d 0.5 100 21 d 40 15 e 400 20.5 d 1 100 21 d 40 12 *data followed by different alphabets showed significant difference (p<0.05)
Conclusions Cooling rate and shear rate were the important parameters in crystallization properties of CPO. CPO which crystallized under higher shear rate had higher rate of crystallization and lower induction time 13
Acknowledgement Doctoral Grant from Directorate General of Higher Education, Ministry of Education & Culture, Republic of Indonesia SEAFAST Center – LPPM IPB 14
Thank you... tender-indonesia.com wulandari_n@ipb.ac.id mediaindonesia.com
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