Crude Palm Oil in Static and Dynamic Condition Nur Wulandari Hanna - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Crystallization Properties of Crude Palm Oil in Static and Dynamic Condition

Nur Wulandari Hanna Mery Aulia

FEN-0.2.4

• Department of Food Science & Technology -

Faculty of Agricultural Enginering & Technology

• SEAFAST Center

BOGOR AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY INDONESIA

Indonesia is the largest producer of palm oil in the world Crude palm oil (CPO) Transportation in relatively high T > 55 oC  prevent crystallization Study of fat crystallization

• f CPO

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Introduction

www.surabaya.indonetwork.co.id

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Research on crystallization properties of palm oil

Crystallization study were conducted in isotermal condition  solid sample

• Vuillequez et al. (2010); Tarabukina et al. (2009); Graef et
• al. (2008, 2009); Chong et al. (2007); Miskandar et al.

(2005)

Crystallization properties of CPO in static and dynamic condition  Treatments of cooling rate and shear rate

Objective

The objective of this research was to obtain basic data about fat crystallization properties

• f CPO under static and dynamic condition

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Materials

 Crude palm oil (CPO)

sample from private industry in Jakarta

Methods

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Instruments of Analysis

• DYNAMIC CONDITION
• Rheological Properties
• T 55 - 25 oC (hold)
• Cooling rate (0.2, 0.5, 1

ºC/minute)

• Shear rate (40, 100, 400 s-1)

Haake Viscometer RV20 (Karlsruhe, Germany)

• STATIC CONDITION
• Solid fat content (SFC)
• T 55 – 25 oC (hold)
• Cooling rate (0.2, 0.5, 1

ºC/minute)

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Analyzer Bruker Minispec PC 100

Methods

 Crystallization kinetics were studied by Avrami model

with parameters of crystallization rate (k) and Avrami constant (n) (Metin & Hartel 2005)

 Value of n and k were calculated from linearization of

Avrami equation , as slope and intercept at ln t = 0

 F is crystal fraction developed during crystallization

time (minutes) ln (-ln (1-F) = ln (k) + n [ln(t)] (1)

 Half time of crystallization (t1/2) calculated from

Arrhenius equation (t1/2)n = 0.693/k (2)

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Methods

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Results: Static condition

 SFC were increased

during isothermal crystallization at cooling rate of 1, 0.5, and 0.2 ºC/minutes

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1 oC/min 0.5 oC/min 0.2oC/min

Determination of crystalization kinetic

• f CPO using Avrami model

(cooling rate 0.2 oC/min, Tc 25 oC, hold 40 minutes)

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Parameters Cooling rate (ºC/min) 0.2 0.5 1 Avrami exponent(n) 1.614 2.032 2.170 Avrami constant (k) 0.013 0.003 0.002 Induction time (min) 2 5 7 SFC max (%) 12.815 11.245 10.725 t ½(min) 11.953 15.750 14.884

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CPO crystallized under slow cooling rate had higher solid fat content (SFC); higher Avrami constant (k) and lower Avrami exponent (n) than CPO which crystallized under fast cooling. CPO which crystallized under fast cooling had higher induction time and crystallization half time.

CPO crystallization kinetic parameters in static condition , studied from the increment of isotermal SFC at 25 ºC

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 Apparent viscosity of

CPO during shear rate and cooling rate treatments, hold at 25 oC for 60 minutes

1 oC/min 0.5 oC/min 0.2oC/min

Results: Dynamic condition

CPO crystallization kinetic parameters in dynamic condition, studied from increment of isotermal viscosity at 25 ºC

Cooling rate (ºC/min) Shear rate (s-1) Induction time (min)* 0.2 400 2.5a 100 9.5b 40 10b 0.5 400 11.5c 100 20.5d 40 21d 1 400 15e 100 20.5d 40 21d

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*data followed by different alphabets showed significant difference (p<0.05)

CPO which crystallized under higher shear rate: had higher rate of crystallization with lower induction time

Conclusions

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 Cooling rate and shear rate were the important

parameters in crystallization properties of CPO. CPO which crystallized under higher shear rate had higher rate of crystallization and lower induction time

Acknowledgement

 Doctoral Grant from Directorate

General of Higher Education, Ministry of Education & Culture, Republic of Indonesia

 SEAFAST Center –LPPM IPB

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Thank you...

wulandari_n@ipb.ac.id