Cross-li linguistic res esearch in into deriv ivational networks - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Cross-li linguistic res esearch in into deriv ivational networks Lívia Körtvélyessy P.J.Šafárik University, Košice , Slovakia

Structure of the lecture • brief introduction of the project • brief introduction of the methodology • linguistic aspects

Brief introduction of the project • 2015 • L. Körtvélyessy, P. Š tekauer, S. Valera, A. Bagasheva • derivational networks • 40 European languages • 49 experts • http://www.ugr.es/~svalera/Monika • workshop • volume: Mouton de Gruyter

Methodology • selection of languages • selection of words • development of the networks • tools for evaluation of the networks • their typological comparison

Selection of languages • European languages • HSK. Word-Formation. An International Handbook of the Languages of Europe • reliable sources (corpora, dictionaries)

Selection of languages Slavic (9): Bulgarian, Croatian, Czech, Polish, Russian, Serbian, Slovak, Slovene, Ukrainian Germanic (8): Danish, Dutch, English, Frisian, German, Icelandic, Norwegian, Swedish Indo-European (29) Romance (7): Catalan, French, Galician, Italian, Portuguese, Romanian, Spanish Celtic (2): Irish, Welsh Baltic (2): Latvian, Lithuanian Greek Uralic (4) Estonian, Finnish, Hungarian, North Saami Altaic (2) Tatar, Turkish Nakh-Daghestanian (2) Chechen, Dargwa Kartvelian (1) Georgian Afro-Asiatic (1) Maltese Isolate (1) Basque

Selection of words • 30 actual (existing) underived (simple) words in each language • equivalent words in 40 languages • Swadesh basic vocabulary list (200 words) • 10 nouns, 10 verbs, 10 adjectives Nouns bone eye tooth day dog louse fire stone water name Verbs cut dig pull throw give hold sew burn drink know Adjectives bad new black straight warm old long thin thick narrow

→ vod-ár → vod-ár VODA ‘water’ → vod-ák → vod-ák → vodáč -ka What are derivational networks? → vodác-tvo P → vodác-ky a → vod- áreň → vod- áreň → vodáren-stvo r c • Dokulil, Horecký, Furdík – derivational nests → vodáren-ský a a → po-vod- eň → po-vod- eň → povodň -ový d p → vod- ička → vod- ička → vodičk -ový i a → vod-ný → vod-ný → vodník → vodnícky derivational g c series/chain → vod-natý → vod-natý → z-vodnat- ieť → zvodnat-enie m i orders of derivation → vod-ový → vod-ový → vodov-o a t → pod-vod-ný → pod-vod-ný t y → za-vod- niť → za-vod- niť → zavodn-enie i → zavodň - ovať → zavodňova -nie → zavodňova -cí c → od-vod- niť → od-vod- niť → odvodn-enie → odvodň - ovať → odvodňova -nie

What are derivational networks? network of derivatives • derived from the same PARADIGMATIC CAPACITY word-formation base (simple underived word) • each affix formally representing specific semantic categories ORDERS OF DERIVATION

1 st order, Bulgarian, PIE ‘to drink’ 1 st order, Bulgarian, PIE ‘to drink’ Quality Agent Location Entitiy Finitive Directional Saturative Inceptive Augmentat Singulative Diminutive Desiderative Quality Agent Location Entitiy Finitive Directional Saturative Inceptive Augmentat Singulative Diminutive Desiderative pivák pijač pivák Development of the networks pijač piteen pivnica piteen pivnica pijan pivo pijan pivo pitie pitie pijavica pijavica dopie (si) dopie izpie izpie vpie (se) vpie napie (se) napie opie (se) opie zapie (se) zapie razpie (se) razpie propie (se) propie nadpie nadpie prepie prepie otpie otpie popie popie pijne pijne pie mu se pie mu

1 st order Bulgarian, pie , Bulgarian, PIE ‘to drink’ Quality Agent Location Entitiy Finitive Directional Saturative Inceptive Augmentat Singulative Diminutive Desiderative Quality Agent Location Entitiy Finitive Directional Saturative Inceptive Augmentat Singulative Diminutive Desiderative Development of the networks Development of the networks pivák pijač pivák pijač State Manner Agent Relational Diminutive Action Inceptive piteen pivnica piteen pivnica pijanstvo pijano pijanica pijanski pijaničâk pijanstva vpijanči se pijan pivo pijan pivo pitie pitie pijavica pijavica dopie dopie (si) izpie izpie vpie vpie (se) napie napie (se) opie opie (se) zapie zapie (se) razpie razpie (se) propie propie (se) nadpie nadpie prepie prepie otpie otpie popie popie pijne pijne pie mu pie mu se

1 st order, Bulgarian, PIE ‘t o drink’ Quality Agent Location Entitiy Finitive Directional Saturative Inceptive Augmentat Singulative Diminutive Desiderative pivák pijač State Manner Agent Relational Diminutive Action Inceptive piteen pivnica pijanstvo pijano pijanica pijanski pijaničâk pijanstva vpijanči se pijan pivo pitie pijavica dopie izpie vpie napie opie zapie razpie propie nadpie prepie otpie popie pijne pie mu

1 st order, Bulgarian, PIE ‘t o drink’ Quality Agent Location Entitiy Finitive Directional Saturative Inceptive Augmentat Singulative Diminutive Desiderative pivák pijač State Manner Agent Saturative Diminutive Relational Diminutive Action Inceptive piteen pivnica pijanstvo pijano napijanstva (se) pijanica pijanski popijanstva pijaničâk pijanstva vpijanči se pijan pivo pitie pijavica dopie izpie vpie napie opie zapie razpie propie nadpie prepie otpie popie pijne pie mu

1 st order, Bulgarian, pie Quality Agent Location Entitiy Finitive Directional Saturative Inceptive Augmentat Singulative Diminutive Desiderative Development of the networks pivák pijač piteen pivnica Number of derivatives pijan pivo pitie (paradigmatic capacity): 22 pijavica dopie izpie vpie napie opie zapie razpie propie nadpie prepie otpie popie pijne pie mu

1 st order, , pie Quality Agent Location Entitiy Finitive Directional Saturative Inceptive Augmentat Singulative Diminutive Desiderative Development of the networks pivák pijač piteen pivnica pijan pivo pitie 1 st order, , drekka pijavica Quality Process dopie drekkanlegur izpie drekking vpie drekkandi napie opie zapie razpie propie nadpie prepie otpie popie pijne pie mu

1 st order, Bulgarian, pie 1 st order, Bulgarian, pie 1 st order, Bulgarian, pie 1 st order, Bulgarian, pie Quality Agent Location Entitiy Finitive Directional Saturative Inceptive Augmentat Singulative Diminutive Desiderative Quality Agent Location Entitiy Finitive Directional Saturative Inceptive Augmentat Singulative Diminutive Desiderative Quality Evaluation of the networks – maximum Agent Location Entitiy Finitive Directional Saturative Inceptive Augmentat Singulative Diminutive Desiderative Quality Agent Location Entitiy Finitive Directional Saturative Inceptive Augmentat Singulative Diminutive Desiderative pivák 1 pijač 1 pivák 1 pijač 1 pivák pijač pivák 1 pijač derivational network piteen 1 pivnica 1 piteen 1 pivnica 1 piteen pivnica piteen 1 pivnica pijan 1 pivo pijan 1 pivo pijan pivo pijan 1 pivo pitie pitie pitie pitie 3 1 1 3 1 1 pijavica 3 pijavica pijavica pijavica dopie dopie dopie dopie izpie izpie izpie izpie vpie vpie vpie vpie 3 2 napie napie napie napie opie opie opie opie zapie zapie zapie zapie razpie razpie razpie razpie propie propie propie propie nadpie nadpie nadpie nadpie prepie prepie prepie prepie otpie otpie otpie otpie popie popie popie popie pijne pijne pijne pijne pie mu pie mu pie mu pie mu

Evaluation of networks Quality Entity Location InceptiveResultat Diminut Agent Saturativ DirectionPrivative cut 2 1 1 1 1 3 1 4 dig 1 1 1 1 2 5 1 pull 1 2 1 1 2 throw 1 1 give 1 1 8 hold 1 2 1 1 3 sew 1 1 3 2 1 3 1 1 burn 2 2 2 2 drink 3 3 1 3 2 1 2 1 know 1 1 MAX 3 3 1 3 3 2 1 3 8 4 MAX 3+ 3+ 1+ 3+ 3+ 2+ 1+ 3+ 8+ 4 +….. Maximum Derivational Network – 1 st order 51

Evaluation of networks Order of derivation Sum total of maximum derivatives in individual verbs semantic categories 1 st 51 2 nd 61 3 rd 22 4 th 2 5 th 1 Σ 137 Maximum Derivational Network

Evaluation of networks – calculation of the saturation value • MDN – potential • actualization of the potential – SATURATION VALUE (SV) 𝑬 • structural richness SV = 𝑵𝑬𝑶 x100 • evaluative morphology, word-formation • proportion between the number of actual derivatives in a particular derivational network and the maximum derivational network • pie (‘drink’), 1 st order of derivation: 22 derivatives; MDN=51 SV = 22:51x100= 43.14 % 1 st 2 nd 3 rd 4 th 5 th order TOTAL SV 43.14 45.9 18.18 0 0 39.42 SV = 54:137x100= 39.42 %

Evaluation of networks – scope of data • 1200 networks • number of derivatives – maximum derivational network • number of orders of derivation • saturation value • each word – each order of derivation + total SV • each word class – each order of derivation + total SV • semantic categories: • order of derivation • combinations • blocking effect • multiple occurrences