Connect ctin ing Fu Future re Fibre re Supply to Genetic ics, - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Connect ctin ing Fu Future re Fibre re Supply to Genetic ics, - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Connect ctin ing Fu Future re Fibre re Supply to Genetic ics, Silv lvic icult lture and a Changin ing Clim imate! Patrick Lenz Research Scientist Canadian Wood Fibre Centre February 14, 2018 Fe 2017-18 CIF e-Lecture Series

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2017-18 CIF e-Lecture Series “Innovative Solutions to Respond to the Challenge of a Changing Climate”

Patrick Lenz Research Scientist Canadian Wood Fibre Centre Fe February 14, 2018

Connect ctin ing Fu Future re Fibre re Supply to Genetic ics, Silv lvic icult lture and a Changin ing Clim imate!

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Connecting Future Fibre Supply to Genetics, Silviculture and a Changing Climate - CIF e-Lecture

Partic icip ipants

Jeff Fera Fore rest Research Officer CWFC, GLFC

Mike Hoepting Forester CWFC, GLFC

Cosmin Filipescu Research Scientist – CW CWFC, C, PFC

Tim im Keddy Wood Fib ibre Development Specia ialis list CWFC, NoFC Patrick Lenz Rese search Scie ientist st – CWFC, LFC

Janice e Cooke University of Alberta Nathalie Isabel Research Scientist – CWFC, C, LFC Mike Cruickshank Research Scientist – CWFC, C, PFC Michele Fullarton Govt of NB John Pedlar Biologist CFS, GLFC

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Projects

  • from a wide geographicrange;
  • focussingon different species and

ecosystems;  All aiming at an improved future fibre supply throughappropriate stand establishment practices.

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Stand establishment practices for resilient forests (CWFC collaborative research project 3.1)

CFS program:

SustainableFibre Solutions

Output 3: Growing Resilient Forests

for a Sustainable Fibre Supply Stand Establishment Practices Research topics

  • Genetic and genomic tools for advanced

tree breeding

  • Assisted migrationtechniques
  • Vegetation management and pre-

commercial thinning practices to enhance resilience and productivity

  • Adjusted stockingstandards for future

conditions

  • Growing stands for specific type of fibre
  • …

Wood fibre for bio- economy opportunities Silvilculturalsolutions for short-term timber supply

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Stand establishment practices for resilient forests (CWFC collaborative research project 3.1)

CFS program:

SustainableFibre Solutions

Output 3: Growing Resilient Forests

for a Sustainable Fibre Supply Stand Establishment Practices Forest Climate Change Linking to other CFS programs: Sustainable Forest Management Pest Risk Management Research topics

  • Genetic and genomic tools for advanced

tree breeding

  • Assisted migrationtechniques
  • Vegetation management and pre-

commercial thinning practices to enhance resilience and productivity

  • Adjusted stockingstandards for future

conditions

  • Stand growing for specific type of fibre
  • …
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Future fibre supply … first thoughts of a geneticist …

  • Need of superior planting stock
  • Improved properties for growth, wood and … what else?
  • Climate Change will continuously influence our

choice of traits to improve and how we manage plantations and forests.

  • Create resilient forests
  • Rapid and flexible tree breeding

approaches using genomic tools.

  • Genomic selection modelling
  • Pedigree control
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Co-lead in Genome Canada financed applied partnership project:

Project aim:

  • Implementation of genomic selection in

spruce breeding programs in provinces of QC and NB (MFFPQ, NBTIC and JD Irving Ltd; co-lead: U Laval and CWFC)

Prediction of genetic value based on genetic markers will significantly speed up the improvement of plantingstock.

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Genome Canada large-scale project, lead: U. Laval & UBC

General goal

  • Improve phenotyping and genomic

selection of complex traits.

CFS Co-PIs : Nathalie Isabel et Patrick Lenz

  • Precision phenotyping of drought resistance

(collab.: U. Toronto)

  • Nutrient use efficiency (collab.: U of Alberta)

 prepare for environmental changes  understand mechanisms and select more resilient trees E Dussault, CFS

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Genome Canada large-scale project, lead: U. Laval & UBC

CFS Co-PIs : Nathalie Isabel et Patrick Lenz

  • End product relevant wood quality traits:

stiffness and wood uniformity(U. Laval)

  • Optimized stem form and branching for
  • ptimal processing.
  • Biomass and chemical composition as novel

bio-economy traits.  Produce high valued products  Diversify product basket: bio-products, carbon sequestration credits

VT-Institute

D Blanchette

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So … what else do we need besides good seedlings??

Once seedlings are in the ground:

  • How do we mange plantations and forests for resilient fibre

supply?

  • What are actually the risks arising from changing climate?
  • How do we expect trees to react

under altered climate?

  • How can we augment resilience to

(more intense) pest and diseases?

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Vu Vuln lnerabili lity Assessment for Clim imate Change at the Petawawa Re Research Forest - an example le for the Great Lakes – St. . Lawrence forest regio ion

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Connecting Future Fibre Supply to Genetics, Silviculture and a Changing Climate - CIF e-Lecture Project Objective: A vulnerability assessment for climate change at the Petawawa Research Forest (PRF) aims to evaluate the risks and opportunities which a changing climate may impose on sustainably managing the forest in the future for forest research, forest operations and regional leadership.

By undertaking this is ass ssess ssment this is project hopes to achie ieve: Rese search: Smart investments for innovative research Knowledge to inform forest managers and policy decisions on advanced solutions to challenges facing the forest sector concerning climate change Connect to external forest adaptation to climate change research networks (national and international) Operatio ions: s: Provide information that will allow climate change associated risks and opportunities, and adaptation and/or mitigation measures to be incorporated in the development of the next iteration of a sustainable forest management plan for the PRF Leadership ip: Regional demonstration of undertaking of a VACC at the scale of a forest management unit Demonstration of utilizing information from a VACC to enhance a sustainable forest management plan (SFMP). Demonstration of on-the-ground silvicultural options to enhance sustainable forest management within a changing climate

Edwards, J.E., Pearce, C., Ogden, A.E., and Williamson, T.B. 2015. Climate change and sustainable forest management in Canada: a guidebook for assessing vulnerability and mainstreaming adaptation into decision making. Canadian Council of Forest Ministers, Ottawa, Ontario. 160 p.

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Mappin ing vuln lnerabilit ilityand it’scomponents

Volume exposed Exposure x Sensitivity

Drought vulnerability PRF for 2071-2100 projection, RCP 8.5

Boisvert-Marsh, Aubin et al. Dec 2017

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Adaptive Silviculture fo for Climate Change (ASCC CC)

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Partners

Isabelle Aubin, Research Scientist, NRCan: Tree sensitivity to climate change mapping tool - Integrating ecological knowledge to biophysical predictions for a more accurate assessment of tree vulnerability to climate change (Aubin et al. 2016). Dan McKenney, Research Scientist, NRCan: Customized spatial climate models for North America - Geographical climate model for predictions of possible climatic conditions under various climate change scenarios (McKenney et al. 2011). Seedwhere model, awed based application to assist matching tree seed sources to climatic appropriate conditions (McKenney et al. 1999) Murray Woods, Researcher, NRCan/OMNRF: Use existing LiDAR-derived enhanced forest inventory and associated products (e.g. digital terrain model, wet areas mapping) for forest metrics information. Anthony Taylor, Research Scientist, NRCan: Climate Change impacts on forest modelling (Boulanger et al. 2016). Frédérik Doyon, Research Scientist, Institut des Sciences de la Forét tempérée, Université du Québec en Outaouais: Design of a procedure of silvicultural diagnosis that aims at reinforcing the adaptativecapacity to climate change of hardwood and pine stands.

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Enhancin ing forest productiv ivit ity, , valu lue, , and healt lth through silvicult lture

  • Portfolio of studies (8 studies, est. 1952-2015)
  • Common objectives: timing and intensity of vegetation

management and density regulation

  • Team: M.Hoepting, N.Thiffault, J.Farrell, J.Fera, I.Aubin, K.Santala
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Enhancin ing forest productiv ivit ity, , valu lue, , and healt lth through silvicult lture

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Enhancin ing forest productiv ivit ity, , valu lue, , and healt lth through silvicult lture – recent activit ity

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Enhancin ing forest productiv ivit ity, , valu lue, , and healt lth through silvicult lture – pendin ing result lts

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Enhancin ing forest productiv ivit ity, , valu lue, , and healt lth through silvicult lture – pendin ing result lts

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Enhancin ing forest productiv ivit ity, , valu lue, , and healt lth through silvicult lture – goin ing forward

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Connectin ing growth performance sensitivit ity to enviro ironment/cli limate with genomic ic varia iatio ion

Objectives:

  • Detect signal(s) of adaptation by using a dendroecology

approach

  • Evaluating a posteriori drought tolerance
  • Look for genotype-phenotype (e.g. WUE) associations and

genotype-environment associations

Team: RNCan Martin Girardin, Patrick Lenz, Martine Savard; U Laval Claire Depardieu, Isabelle Duchesne, Jean Bousquet; SRFI-WSL Arthur Gessler

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Approaches to study local l adaptatio ion

Ex: Eastern white pine

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Approaches to study local l adaptatio ion

Ex: Eastern white pine

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Connectin ing growth performance sensitivit ity to enviro ironment/cli limate with genomic ic varia iatio ion

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Connectin ing growth performance sensitivit ity to enviro ironment/cli limate with genomic ic varia iatio ion

Evaluating a posteri drought tolerance (Coll. M. Sava vard, A. Gessler)

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Connectin ing growth performance sensitivit ity to enviro ironment/cli limate with genomic ic varia iatio ion

Evaluating a posteri drought tolerance (Coll. M. Sava vard, A. Gessler)

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Background

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Genomic Sele lectio ion: Effic icie iency in the Tree Breedin ing Programs of the Marit itim imes

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Measuring and field ld samplin ling

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Operatio ional l use of the information:

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Western Re Redcedar– High-Valu lue, , Mult ltip iple le-Use Re Resource

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Cedar Re Research Workin ing Group

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Cedar – Management optio ions

5 10 15 20 25 30 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Relative Resistance Percent distance through tree base CW stumped CW unstumped CWEP stumped CWEP unstumped CWFD stumped CWFD unstumped CWPL stumped CWPL unstumped

Cruickshank, Filipescu, Sturrock

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Cedar – Heartwood extractiv ives Ra Rate of growth and site in second growth

Filipescu, Stirling

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Cedar – Clim imate change

Campbell, Berg, Filipescu

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Cedar – Decay dynamic ics and Genetic ics

Becker, Sturrock, Pellow

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Cedar – Ec Economic ic analy lysis is

Stumping out tree root disease – An economic analysis of controlling root disease, including its effects on carbon storage in southern British Columbia.

  • 2018. Forest Ecology and Management 409(2): 129-147. Bogdanski, Cruickshank, Di

Lucca, Becker An Economic Assessment of the Western Redcedar Industry in British Columbia. (in press) FI-X-017 Report. Gregory, McBeath, Filipescu Canada’s Western Redcedar Industry: An analysis if Import Demand (in press) Grypma, Bogdanski, Sun Impact of decay losses and ungulate browsing on cedar product potential and value (ongoing) Bogdanski, Cruickshank, Sattler, Di Lucca, Filipescu et al.

Bogdanski, Cruickshank, McBeath, Filipescu et al.

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Dougla las-fir ir projects

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Tree stress- Re Resis istance and Toler lerance

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Wood Densit ity

  • Biggest change after

infection or drought Affected by:

  • Tracheid wall thickness
  • Tracheid diameter
  • Proportion of earlywood

to latewood

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Frequency of trait its in interior Dougla las-fir ir to Ophio iostoma

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Correla latio ion between resis istance trait its for mult ltip iple le stress agents

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Conclu lusio ions

  • Temperature and moisture most affect survival and wood properties
  • Wood density most affected by disease very similar to drought effects
  • cavitationdissolved gasses in water  reaction to sudden loss of root

function?

  • Pay attention to wood density with climate change- are we getting

more drought prone wood

  • Resistance has a cost after infection and tolerance before infection
  • Need to be careful about costs
  • Resistance and tolerance not correlated- can have one or the other or

both

  • Selection for best trees against one stress does not correlate well with

best trees to other stressors

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Genomics of Western Gall ll Rust Re Resis istance

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Genomics of Western Gall ll Rust Re Resis istance

Project Objectives: (1) Determine genetic basis of western gall rust resistance using association genetics. (2) Calculate breeding values by conducting genomic selection for western gall rust resistance. (3) Identify DNA markers that can be used in tree improvement programmes to select for western gall rust resistance.

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Partners: Deogratias Rweyongeza and Andy Benowicz Alberta Agriculture and Forestry, Forest Management Branch, Alberta Tree Improvement and Seed Centre Collaborators: Rong-Cai Yang, quantitative geneticist University of Alberta Patrick Lenz, quantitative geneticist Canadian Forest Service, Canadian Wood Fibre Centre Tod Ramsfield and Colin Myrholm, pathologists Canadian Forest Service, Northern Forestry Centre

Genomics of Western Gall ll Rust Re Resis istance

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Genomics of Western Gall ll Rust Re Resis istance

Cooke Lab: Chandra McAllister, molecular biology and genomics Kate St. Onge, population and quantitative genomics Rhiannon Peery, bioinformatics Michael Mbenoun, pathologist Marion Mayerhofer, technician Eden McPeak, undergraduate Amelia Deneka, undergraduate

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Population genetic analysis of the E. harknessiipathogen reveals two distinct populations

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Population genetic analysis of the E. harknessiipathogen reveals two distinct populations

Western gall rust population structure coincides with lodgepole pine and jack pine distribution: coevolution between host and pathogen?

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Lodgep epole e is more e suscep eptible e than jack pine, e, and spec ecies es show w highest susceptibility y to E. harknessii from their native ve ranges

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Lodgep epole e is more e suscep eptible e than jack pine, e, and spec ecies es show w highest susceptibility y to E. harknessii from their native ve ranges

More evidence for coevolution between host & pathogen

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Wester ern gall rust res esistance e scree eening of f ~2000 lodgep epole & & hybrid see eedlings from 76 half sib families es

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Good within-family correlation between disease indices

  • f seedlings and mature trees
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Next steps: Genotyping with single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) DNA markers

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Next steps: Genomic Selection and Association Genetics

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  • A sustainable, reforestation or restoration plan requires forests

to be appropriately matched to future climates.

  • Our work examines the biophysical and economic potential of

alternative seed sources using various approaches/tools (local, Seedwhere, and derived via analyses of genetics trials e.g. URFs- Universal Response Functions)

  • Partners include: OMNRF, Universities (e.g., Lakehead, University
  • f Guelph), USFS, NGOs (Forests Ontario, Forest Gene

Conservation Authority)

Dan McKenney, John Pedlar, Glenn Lawrence, Emily Hope (GLFC)

The SeedwhereCWFC FC Proje ject: Climate and Economic-smart Fo Forest Regeneration

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Seedwhere

– a climate matching tool –

  • Basic tool produces maps showing

climate similarity ranging from 0 – 1 (Gower metric)

  • Can be used with any number of

climate variables

  • can incorporate climate change

(procurement and deployment) under different climate change scenarios

  • recent work has incorporated a

number of improvements into the Seedwhere web application

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SeedwhereImprovements

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SeedwhereImprovements

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Some Results/Activities in FY FY 2017/18:

  • Support and capacity building for OMNRF in

developing new seed transfer policy (e.g., helped

  • rganize seed transfer workshop); includes

customized Seedwhere for internal OMNRF use

  • Several talks on the subject of climate change,

Assisted migration and seed transfer issues including a CIF lecture

  • Seedwhere updates, including efforts to get

Seedwhere back online under new federal gov’t cyber rules

  • New studies of tree performance vs climate –

including survival analyses of provenance trials for 7 species

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Connect ctin ing Fu Future re Fibre re Supply to Genetic ics, Silv lvic icult lture and a Changin ing Clim imate! Thank k You!

2017-18 CIF e-Lecture Series “Innovative Solutions to Respond to the Challenge of a Changing Climate”