Comprehensive Design & Implementation Approach of Solar Power - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Comprehensive Design & Implementation Approach of Solar Power System in Subtropical Hong Kong Ir Dr Tony Lam Associate Director of Arup CEng, CPEng, MHKIE, WELL Faculty, LEED AP, BEAM Pro ND NB 13 December 2018 CIBSE One-day Seminar on
Ir Dr Tony Lam Associate Director of Arup
CEng, CPEng, MHKIE, WELL Faculty, LEED AP, BEAM Pro ND NB
13 December 2018
CIBSE One-day Seminar on Renewable Energy New Development and Technologies in Hong Kong
The “Hong Kong's Climate Action Plan 2030+” report, published by the Environment Bureau on January 2017
Solar power system can:
carbon emissions
policies
Source: www.climatereadt.gov.hk
Carbon Footprint of Hong Kong
World Green Building Council – The Net Zero Carbon Buildings Commitment
zero carbon operating emissions within their portfolios
all buildings to be net zero carbon in
25% PV coverage of HK land 100% LNG + 15% PV coverage 50% better BEC for all bldgs + 15% PV coverage 70% LNG + 10% PV coverage + 50% better BEC for all bldgs + 50% GV Bus
1 2 3
How to make Hong Kong Net Zero Carbon?
Proposed Solutions: Existing Condition:
PV LNG Efficient Building Green Transportation
Hong Kong climate Action Plan 2030+
4
25% PV coverage of HK land 100% LNG + 15% PV coverage 50% better BEC for all bldgs + 15% PV coverage 70% LNG + 10% PV coverage + 50% better BEC for all bldgs + 50% GV Bus
1 2 3
How to make Hong Kong Net Zero Carbon?
Proposed Solutions: Existing Condition:
PV LNG Efficient Building Green Transportation
Hong Kong climate Action Plan 2030+
4
Building:
Avoid energy use Use energy efficiently Decarbonize
Korea Zero Energy House:
Singapore Zero Energy Building:
(BCA)
HK Zero Carbon Building:
Regulations/Incentives:
Scale fits the demand? Fixing and Safety? Electrical connection Safety? Affect surroundings?
Step 1: Building and Location Analysis
Step 2: Solar Resource Assessment
PV panel
and Location Analysis
Resource Assessment
Technology
Design
Aspect Assessment
Submission and Approval
Step 3: Selection of Solar Technology
Step 4: PV System Design
Existing Building
and Location Analysis
Resource Assessment
Technology
Design
Aspect Assessment
Submission and Approval
Step 6: Statutory Submission and Approval
Tariff (FiT)
Department
(WR1) Step 5: Structural Aspect Assessment
and Location Analysis
Resource Assessment
Technology
Design
Aspect Assessment
Submission and Approval
and Location Analysis
Resource Assessment
Technology
Design
Aspect Assessment
Submission and Approval
Building 3D model with topography and surrounding buildings Annual solar availability Annual glare study Optimization of PV orientation and tilt angle
and Location Analysis
Resource Assessment
Technology
Design
Aspect Assessment
Submission and Approval
http://www.hkmapservice.gov.hk/OneStopSystem/map- search?product=OSSCatB&series=iB1000
Building massing and Building height variations are modelled
massing and PV panel layout, this form the foundation of later studies.
software
Prescriptive Approach
PV panel orientation and tilt angle
due south orientation
the preliminary location of PV panel
Annual total solar yield (kWh/m2) for various tilt angles and orientations in Hong Kong
Source: Tony Lam’s PhD Thesis 2008
Performance Approach
Shading above
High Mid Low
buildings shading effect,
Recommended PV installation area
Site Building Sensitive Receivers Surrounding Buildings
undesirable glare for pedestrian,
➢ Office ➢ Residential ➢ School ➢ Hotel ➢ Hospitals ➢ Shopping Centre ➢ Shops ➢ Air flight path ➢ Etc.
Grasshopper software
throughout the whole year
receivers
the next step is to determine the PV panel scale
➢ Site constraint (space)
➢Energy saving target (green building certification requirement) ➢FiT Scheme (Incentive)
➢ E&M limitation (for existing building)
MAXIMIZE ENERGY GENERATION % BY PV
and Location Analysis
Resource Assessment
Technology
Design
Aspect Assessment
Submission and Approval
Type of PV Technology
Building Integrated PV Mono- crystalline PV
Job reference: Zero Carbon Building
Design consideration:
Conventional PV
Monocrystalline Silicon Solar Cells
1600mm(L)x1000mm(W)x50mm(H)
Polycrystalline Silicon Solar Cells
1600mm(L)x1000mm(W)x50mm(H)
Walkable PV panel at floor Application: PV panel at traditional roof, flat surface For Example: PV at rooftop, PV wall mounted at building façade, PV at floor PV panel at rooftop
Thin-Film Solar Cells (TFSC)
➢ Amorphous silicon (a-Si) ➢ Cadmium telluride (CdTe) ➢ Copper indium gallium selenide (CIS/CIGS)
Thin-film CIGS solar cells
1700/2590/5900mm(L)x350mm(W)x2.5mm(D)
Application: PV at curved surface, structures, low load capacity roofs, building integrated PV module For Example: PV at curved rooftop surface
Building Integrated PV (BiPV)
➢ Solar cells by crystalline silicon (150x150 mm2) ➢ Deliver 10-12 watts per ft² of PV array
➢ Thin layers of photovoltaicly active material placed
➢ Deliver 4-5 watts per ft² of PV array area Application: PV panel integrated in building materials For Example: Solar paving block at pavement, BiPV Skylight, BiPV Glazing Solar Paving Block Photovoltaics in glazing
Photovoltaics in glazing
Hybrid PV and Thermal (PVT)
circulates through the exchanger is warmed by the heat dissipated from the photovoltaic cells and can reach temperatures up to 70°C
Application: Building with hot water demand For example: Commercial building, hotel, hospital , clubhouse, etc…
Power out Hot water
Cold water in
and Location Analysis
Resource Assessment
Technology
Design
Aspect Assessment
Submission and Approval
PV Schematic System Design
Power Distribution Board CLP / HKE Meter Electrical Equipment Inverter
Sale to Power Company
Transformer
Feed-in Tariff Metering Requirement for CLP
for FiT Meter Arrangement for a RE System
Feed-in Tariff Metering Requirement for CLP
Feed-in Tariff Metering Requirement for HKE
Arrangement for a RE System
Feed-in Tariff Metering Requirement for HKE
and Location Analysis
Resource Assessment
Technology
Design
Aspect Assessment
Submission and Approval
Concrete Building Roof Sheet Metal Roofing Structure
Concrete plinth Solar panel Metal frame
Direct Screw Fixing Type Standing Seam Type
➢ Direct Screw Fixing Type (Corrugated Metal Roof) ➢ Standing Seam Type
➢ Screw Fixing(punch through) for Direct Screw Fixing Roofing system ➢ Proprietary Add-on Clamp for Standing Seam Roofing System Direct Screw Fixing Type Standing Seam Type
Waterproofing – Screw Fixing vs Add-on Clamp
➢ Dead load on PV panels and supporting frame ➢ Wind load on PV panels ➢ Waterproofing – Screw Fixing vs Add-on Clamp ➢ Testing of the Special Add-on Clamp (BD requirement) ➢ Warranty – Warranty Period and Validity of Warranty (for existing building)
and Location Analysis
Resource Assessment
Technology
Design
Aspect Assessment
Submission and Approval
Application of Feed-in Tariff (FiT) to CLP/ HKE
Submit application and required documents Technical assessment, system test and installation before CLP smart meter installation Completion and grid connection
Application Process for CLP Application Process for HKE
New building
Existing Building
➢ Step 1 - Appoint Prescribed Buildings Professional and Prescribed Registered Contractor (Class I of Type A, E) ➢ Step 2 - Submit MW01 - Notice of Commencement, documents, photos 7 days before commencement of work ➢ Step 3 - Submit MW02 - Certificate of Completion, documents, photos within 14 days after completion of work
Submission and Approval for Building Department
Existing Building
Step 1 - Appoint Prescribed Buildings Professional and Prescribed Registered Contractor (Class III of Type A, E) Step 2 - Submit MW05 - Notice and Certificate of Completion, documents, photos within 14 days after completion of work
Submission and Approval for Building Department
Issuance of Work Completion Certificate (WR1)
Completion of Electrical Work Electrical Inspection Issuance of Work Completion Certification(WR1) Power Energization
Conventional PV System Performance monitoring
monitored by PV inverter and microclimate station
Microclimate Station BMS System Inverter Power Distribution Box
CLP / HKE Meter
Data Analysis
Transformer
Dashboard
Solar Radiation Data
Traditional String Inverter
identified Power Optimizer plus Inverter
maintenance and replacement
Operation concept of power optimizer
Under ideal condition Under partial shading condition
inverter inverter
Source: xx
Advanced PV System Performance monitoring
BMS System Inverter Power Distribution Box
CLP / HKE Meter
Data Analysis Power Optimizer Power Optimizer
Transformer
Manufacturer cloud Microclimate Station
Solar Radiation Data
Source: CCC Kei Wai Primary School Ma Wan
Demonstration + Make it as common practices!
Ir Dr. Tony Lam Associate Director of Arup
CEng, CPEng, MHKIE, WELL Faculty, LEED AP, BEAM Pro ND NB
13 December 2018
CIBSE One-day Seminar on Renewable Energy New Development and Technologies in Hong Kong