CO CO 2 Capture and Storage Capture and Storage p p g g John Gale IEA Greenhouse Gas R&D Programme China NEET Workshop 1 2 N 1-2 November 2007 b 2007 Beijing Friendship Hotel – Beijing, China www.ieagreen.org.uk
Why CO Why CO 2 Capture and Storage? Capture and Storage? • Climate change is occurring Cli h i i • Need to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions g ( ) • Fossil fuels will continue to be the major energy source • All i All international scenarios for i l i f deep GHG reductions include CCS • CCS is one of a portfolio of mitigation options • All options are needed All options are needed Source: IPCC (2007) www.ieagreen.org.uk
Carbon Capture and Storage Carbon Capture and Storage Th Three Options; O ti Three Options; Th O ti • Post Combustion • Coal seams, 40 Gt CO 2 • Pre Combustion • Oil and gas fields, 1,000 Gt CO 2 • Oxy fuel Two Options; Two Options; • Deep saline aquifers – up • Pipelines to 10,000 Gt CO 2 • Ships Capture Transport Transport Storage www.ieagreen.org.uk
CO 2 Injection and Storage Activities CO Injection and Storage Activities 50 Acid Gas 50 Acid Gas 4 New CO 2 -EOR Pilots in injection sites in Canada North America Snohvit Sleipner K 12B K-12B P Penn West W t RECOPOL CO 2 SINK Alberta ECBM Weyburn Sibilla Hokkaido Mountaineer Teapot Dome Qinshui Basin Nagaoka Rangely West Pearl Queen Burlington Frio In Salah 70 CO2-EOR projects in U.S.A. Key Gorgon Depleted Oil Field ECBM projects Cerro Fortunoso Otway Basin EOR projects EOR projects Gas production Fields Saline aquifier www.ieagreen.org.uk
IEA Greenhouse Gas R&D Programme IEA Greenhouse Gas R&D Programme • A collaborative research programme founded in 1991 • Our main role is to evaluate technologies that can reduce greenhouse gas emissions. d h i i • Aim is to: Provide members with definitive information on the role Provide members with definitive information on the role that technology can play in reducing greenhouse gas emissions. • IEA GHG is a IA in which the Participants contribute to a common fund to finance the activities. Funding is approximately 2 million US$/year. www.ieagreen.org.uk
IEA Greenhouse Gas R&D Programme IEA Greenhouse Gas R&D Programme • IEA GHG aims at producing information that is: • Objective in evaluating the relative merits of Greenhouse Gas mitigation options • Information generated is policy relevant but NOT policy prescriptive • We aim to be a trustworthy source of technical information. All IEA GHG studies are: • Reviewed by external Expert Reviewers • Subject to review of policy implications by Members www.ieagreen.org.uk
Current Membership Current Membership www.ieagreen.org.uk
Previous Work by IEA GHG Previous Work by IEA GHG • This IA has been operating for 15 years. It has: • Accumulated >100 studies covering carbon capture and storage (CCS), other mitigation technologies, and alternative energy carriers. • Succeeded in establishing CCS as a mitigation option capable of major reductions in the emission of CO 2 to atmosphere. i i f CO t t h www.ieagreen.org.uk
Phase 4 Phase 4 • Finished at end of 2004. During phase 4: • CCS moved, from being a technical possibility, firmly onto policymakers’ agendas. • Activities expanded to include: research facilitation, research networks, and communications initiatives. Aimed at: Confirming CCS as a major option for climate change mitigation. www.ieagreen.org.uk
What does IEAGHG do now? What does IEAGHG do now? • New 5-year phase started in 2005: • 3 Main activities: • Generate technology and market information • Confidence building • Information dissemination • Information dissemination • Aimed at answering: • How do mitigation options compare? How do mitigation options compare? • Can CCS be done safely and legally? • What needs to be done to introduce CCS and be confident it will be successful? www.ieagreen.org.uk
Technology and Market Information Technology and Market Information Technical Assessments Technical Assessments Implementation Support I l i S � Improved solvent � Methodology for CCS projects scrubbing processes for under CDM CO 2 capture � G id li � Guidelines for CCS site f CCS it � Capture of CO 2 from characterisation medium scale installations � CCS Project Financing � Improved Oxygen � Regional capacity for CO 2 production processes storage in India t i I di � Collection of CO 2 from distributed sources � CO 2 Capture in the cement Regulatory Support industry � Risk assessment and regulatory s assess e t a d egu ato y � Co-production of needs hydrogen and electricity � Environmental impact � Remediation of leakage assessment for CCS from geological storage � Capture-ready power plant p y p p � Fuel Cells for CHP � Monitoring Selection Tool � CO 2 Pipeline transmission costs www.ieagreen.org.uk
International Research Networks International Research Networks www.ieagreen.org.uk
Information Dissemination Information Dissemination Quarterly newsletter Topical Reports Topical Reports GHGT-9 16 th – 19 th 16 th 19 th November 2009 Washington D.C. Washington D.C. www.mit.edu/ghgt9 www.ieagreen.org.uk
New Capacity Building Initiative New Capacity Building Initiative • New annual Initiative launched in Germany in August N l I i i i l h d i G i A 2007 • Annual summer school on CCS for 60 invited students • Annual summer school on CCS for 60 invited students • 24 countries represented in Germany • 4 Chinese students • Annual summer schools will rotate between Europe, North America and Asia/Australasia • Next planned for Canada in 2008 Next planned for Canada in 2008 • 2009 proposed for Australia – to be confirmed • Details and presentations can be found at: Details and presentations can be found at: www.ieagreen.org.uk/summerschool www.ieagreen.org.uk
Possible Co Possible Co- -operation with China operation with China • Chinese membership of IEA GHG has been discussed Chi b hi f IEA GHG h b di d with MOST • Regular participation in International CCS Summer g p p School • Secondments to IEA GHG to develop technical knowledge/skill base g • Clearing House for secondments of Chinese technical experts within member countries • China to host future International Research Network meetings • CO 2 Capture network meeting in June 2008 has been proposed with UK DEFRA support • Support Chinese participation at GHGT-9 www.ieagreen.org.uk
Th Th Thank You Thank You k Y k Y Any Questions? Reference material on IEA GHG can be found at: Reference material on IEA GHG can be found at: www.ieagreen.org.uk Reference material on CCS can be found at: Reference material on CCS can be found at: www.co2captureandstorage.info www.ieagreen.org.uk
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