Climate Smart Pig Production in Thailand Sansak Nakavisut - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Climate Smart Pig Production in Thailand

Sansak Nakavisut Department of Livestock Development

Topics

–Background of the livestock sector –Livestock cause & effect of climate change –Gov priorities on livestock & climate change –Existing adaptation and mitigation strategies –CSL good practices in pig production –Way forward for pig production system

1962 2011 2021 2026 2017 1997

low middle upper middle

Thailand’s Gross National Income per capita

Background of the livestock sector

Livestock species Quantity 2017

(million head)*

Import2016

(Million Bht)**

Export2016

(Million Bht)**

Beef Cattle 4.88 1,489.8 991.6 Dairy Cattle 0.58 10,641.7 1,928.1 Buffalo 1.03 2,528.4 268.5 Pig 10.19 156.9 6,960.7 Chicken 429.98 240.1 89,137.1 Duck 26.29 70.5 62,968.9 Goat 0.65 27.9 18.9 Sheep 0.05 1,263.8 36.2

Source:* DLD, ** OAE

Pig population in Thailand 2017

number of pigs number of farmers Native pigs 650,972 72,138 Boars 73,493 76,257 Sows 861,553 Fattening pigs 6,671,290 74,877 Piglets 1,934,476 Total 10,191,784 180,606

Pig farms by farm size in 2017 & trend

Farm size # of farms % of Farms % of Pigs 1 – 50 pigs 169,002 93.6 46.0 51 – 100 pigs 5,520 3.1 4.5 101 – 500 pigs 3,379 1.9 9.2 501 – 5,000 pigs 2,456 1.4 20.0 > 5,000 pigs 249 0.1 20.3 Total 180,606 100.0 100.0

Density & type of pigs 2016

Native pigs Breeders Fattening

Import-Export Value of Pork and Swine Products in USD

50,000,000 100,000,000 150,000,000 200,000,000 250,000,000 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

32,798,732 85,962,372 103,586,325 88,275,496 116,419,159 142,439,574 107,820,809 137,450,034 158,739,138 209,094,136 1,533,763 1,064,942 1,195,752 1,239,168 2,119,968 2,833,495 2,747,102 3,022,460 4,967,077 4,713,404

USD

Export Value (USD) Import Value (USD)

Livestock cause & effect of climate change

• Sea level rising; sea water

influx 1 m : 40 km

• Natural disaster

increased: agric. areas affected

• Drought areas N NE:

ecosystem changed

• Small scale / open system

more affected than closed system

GHG Emissions in Agriculture Sector, 2011

52.92 MtCO2eq

305.52 MtCO2eq

Source: Office of Natural Resources and Environmental Policy and Planning 2015

Livestock 2017 2017 GHG emission (MtCO2e)

Species M-heads enteric manure N2O Total

Beef Cattle 4.88 4.51 0.20 0.56 5.27 Dairy Cattle 0.58 0.68 0.33 0.06 1.07 Buffalo 1.03 1.19 0.06 0.12 1.37 Pig 10.19 0.32 1.50 0.57 2.39 Chicken 429.98

• 0.21

0.93 1.14 Duck 26.29

• 0.01

0.06 0.07 Goat 0.65 0.07 0.00 0.04 0.11 Sheep 0.05 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 Total 6.78 2.31 2.34 11.43

2017 estimates of GHG emission from pig farms (based on IPCC2006)

Sources of GHG emission MtCo2e

• 1. Enteric Fermentation

0.321

• 2. Manure Management

1.552

• 3. N2O direct

0.055

• 4. N2O Indirect

0.277 Total 2.206

Government’s priorities on livestock and climate change

National Climate Change Master Plan

(2015 – 2050)

• sustainable development including low carbon and

resilient society stated in the 11th National Economic and Social Development Plan 2012 – 2016 targeted at ;

– Environmental quality to meet international standards – More efficient reduction of GHG emissions – More forest areas to restore balance to the ecology

= The Philosophy of Sufficiency Economy & = UN 17 SDG

• 1. Economic wealth
• 2. Well-being & happiness
• 3. Environmental protection
• 4. Elevating human values

THAILAND 4.0

Potential and existing key adaptation and mitigation strategies

• The philosophy of self-sufficiency economy
• Mixed farming / new agriculture theory
• The green city project to subsidy construction
• f biogas system in pig farms
• Large extended & integrated agriculture farms

(farmer network or farmer group)

• Organic farming promotion

Future Plan for Livestock DLD

• Continue on Green City

Project And to promote the development of wastewater treatment systems in livestock by subsidizing farmers for the construction

• f a biogas wastewater

treatment system up to 700,000 baht / farm

Total 30 farms Budget 21 million Baht

Future plan

• Low interest loan program to encourage farmers to

construct biogas waste water treatment systems.

• The project supports large swine farms that have the

potential to produce biogas that exceeds the requirements of the farm to distribute Gas pipelines in neighboring communities for local usage.

CSL good practices in the smallholder pig production system

Green City Project Result Zero waste

Green City Project Result

• survey 16 pig

farms before and after

• GHG emission

slightly reduced

• economic return

more beneficial

• Reduce energy

cost 22-100%

 Promote using pig farm waste in agriculture.  Received Awarded from OCSC

• 1. Integrated Service Award in 2013
• 2. Continuously Qualified Service Award in 2016

Comparison fertilized rice as equal age. Left : Used chemical fertilizer. Right : Used pig farm waste.

COST 11.85% PRODUCTION 41.40 %

Way forward for the smallholder pig production system in Thailand in regard to CSL

• Manure management from the pig farm
• Research on biogas system & good

management of sludge and liquid fertilizer utilization & GHG emission measurement

• Breeding & Pig farm management
• Integrated / mixed farming pormoted

Thank you for your attention