Climate Smart Pig Production in Thailand Sansak Nakavisut - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Climate Smart Pig Production in Thailand Sansak Nakavisut Department of Livestock Development

Topics – Background of the livestock sector – Livestock cause & effect of climate change – Gov priorities on livestock & climate change – Existing adaptation and mitigation strategies – CSL good practices in pig production – Way forward for pig production system

Thailand’s Gross National Income per capita 2021 1997 2026 2011 2017 1962 low middle upper middle

Background of the livestock sector Livestock Quantity 2017 Import2016 Export2016 species (million head)* (Million Bht)** (Million Bht)** Beef Cattle 4.88 1,489.8 991.6 Dairy Cattle 0.58 10,641.7 1,928.1 Buffalo 1.03 2,528.4 268.5 10.19 156.9 6,960.7 Pig 429.98 240.1 89,137.1 Chicken 26.29 70.5 62,968.9 Duck Goat 0.65 27.9 18.9 Sheep 0.05 1,263.8 36.2 Source:* DLD, ** OAE

Pig population in Thailand 2017 number of pigs number of farmers 650,972 72,138 Native pigs 73,493 Boars 76,257 861,553 Sows 6,671,290 Fattening pigs 74,877 1,934,476 Piglets 10,191,784 180,606 Total

Pig farms by farm size in 2017 & trend Farm size # of farms % of Farms % of Pigs 1 – 50 pigs 169,002 93.6 46.0 51 – 100 pigs 5,520 3.1 4.5 101 – 500 pigs 3,379 1.9 9.2 501 – 5,000 pigs 2,456 1.4 20.0 > 5,000 pigs 249 0.1 20.3 Total 180,606 100.0 100.0

Density & type of pigs 2016 Native pigs Breeders Fattening

Import-Export Value of Pork and Swine Products in USD 250,000,000 209,094,136 200,000,000 158,739,138 142,439,574 150,000,000 137,450,034 USD 116,419,159 107,820,809 103,586,325 100,000,000 88,275,496 85,962,372 50,000,000 32,798,732 3,022,460 4,713,404 2,833,495 4,967,077 2,119,968 2,747,102 1,533,763 1,064,942 1,195,752 1,239,168 0 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Export Value (USD) Import Value (USD)

Livestock cause & effect of climate change • Sea level rising; sea water influx 1 m : 40 km • Natural disaster increased: agric. areas affected • Drought areas N NE: ecosystem changed • Small scale / open system more affected than closed system

GHG Emissions in Agriculture Sector, 2011 52.92 MtCO2eq 305.52 MtCO2eq Source: Office of Natural Resources and Environmental Policy and Planning 2015

Livestock 2017 2017 GHG emission (MtCO 2 e) Species M-heads enteric manure N 2 O Total Beef Cattle 4.88 4.51 0.20 0.56 5.27 Dairy Cattle 0.58 0.68 0.33 0.06 1.07 Buffalo 1.03 1.19 0.06 0.12 1.37 Pig 10.19 0.32 1.50 0.57 2.39 Chicken 429.98 - 0.21 0.93 1.14 Duck 26.29 - 0.01 0.06 0.07 Goat 0.65 0.07 0.00 0.04 0.11 Sheep 0.05 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 Total 6.78 2.31 2.34 11.43

2017 estimates of GHG emission from pig farms (based on IPCC2006) Sources of GHG emission MtCo 2 e 1. Enteric Fermentation 0.321 2. Manure Management 1.552 3. N 2 O direct 0.055 4. N 2 O Indirect 0.277 Total 2.206

Government’s priorities on livestock and climate change

National Climate Change Master Plan (2015 – 2050) • sustainable development including low carbon and resilient society stated in the 11th National Economic and Social Development Plan 2012 – 2016 targeted at ; – Environmental quality to meet international standards – More efficient reduction of GHG emissions – More forest areas to restore balance to the ecology = The Philosophy of Sufficiency Economy & = UN 17 SDG 1. Economic wealth THAILAND 4.0 2. Well-being & happiness 3. Environmental protection 4. Elevating human values

Potential and existing key adaptation and mitigation strategies • The philosophy of self-sufficiency economy • Mixed farming / new agriculture theory • The green city project to subsidy construction of biogas system in pig farms • Large extended & integrated agriculture farms (farmer network or farmer group) • Organic farming promotion

Future Plan for Livestock DLD • Continue on Green City Project And to promote the development of wastewater treatment systems in livestock by subsidizing farmers for the construction of a biogas wastewater treatment system up to 700,000 baht / farm Total 30 farms Budget 21 million Baht

Future plan • Low interest loan program to encourage farmers to construct biogas waste water treatment systems. • The project supports large swine farms that have the potential to produce biogas that exceeds the requirements of the farm to distribute Gas pipelines in neighboring communities for local usage.

CSL good practices in the smallholder pig production system Green City Project Result Zero waste

Green City Project Result • survey 16 pig farms before and after • GHG emission slightly reduced • economic return more beneficial • Reduce energy cost 22-100%

 Promote using pig farm waste in agriculture.  Received Awarded from OCSC 1. Integrated Service Award in 2013 2. Continuously Qualified Service Award in 2016 COST 11.85% PRODUCTION 41.40 % Comparison fertilized rice as equal age. Left : Used chemical fertilizer. Right : Used pig farm waste.

Way forward for the smallholder pig production system in Thailand in regard to CSL • Manure management from the pig farm • Research on biogas system & good management of sludge and liquid fertilizer utilization & GHG emission measurement • Breeding & Pig farm management • Integrated / mixed farming pormoted

Thank you for your attention