Challenges and The Way Ahead Dr John Keung Dean, Building and - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Challenges and The Way Ahead Dr John Keung Dean, Building and Construction Authority Academy, Singapore Impetus for Productivity Drive Unsustainable Workforce Growth Foreign Rank & File Workers vs Construction Output Inexperienced
Foreign Rank & File Workers vs Construction Output
Aus, UK & US Singapore < 4 years ≥ 4 years 87% 13% 51% 49% ^ as of 2012
Source : Restructuring the Singapore Built Environment to Achieve Higher Productivity, Boston Consulting Group
2D Design (Hardcopy)
70 80 90 100 110 120 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Value Added Productivity Growth for Construction Industries
Singapore
Stagnant
Extensive External Scaffold Concreting with Bucket Manual Construction Involving Multiple Trades at Site to Construct a Bathroom : 13-15 Trades Building a brick wall Conventional timber framework
Low Construction Wages
Average Weekly Wages (USD)
Source : Boston Consulting Group’s Average Weekly Wages chart cited in its 2014 Benchmarking report on Restructuring the Singapore Built Environment to Achieve Higher Productivity; )
Productive Technology (High Cost) Manual Labour (Low Cost)
Construction 21 (C21) c
“The construction industry must transform itself into a knowledge and high-value added industry…” C21 Report, 1999
1st Construction Productivity Roadmap c c
“In the late 1970s…HDB…build over 50,000 units using prefabricated and industrialised methods of construction.” Minister Khaw Boon Wan, 2014
c
Setting the stage and closing the substitution cost gap Changing the way we build
2nd Construction Productivity Roadmap
MYE MYE MYE MYE MYE MYE MYE MYE
MYE
CONSTRUCTION WORKS CONTRACT
$100m
Man-year allocated to Main Contractors based on their project contract value
$180 $250 $300 $300 $300 $300 $300 $300 $230 $350 $450 $550 $600 $650 $700 $700 Jul- 11 Jul- 12 Jul- 13 Jul- 14 Jul- 15 Jul- 16
R1 (Higher Skilled)
1
Note: Currency in SGD
Jul- 17 Jul- 18
Minimum Buildable Design Score
Apply to Architects Engineers
Minimum Constructability Score
(Apply to Builders)
Downstream – Construction Stage Upstream – Design Stage
Progressive Enhancements
Buildability The extent to which a building design facilitates ease of construction Constructability The extent to which labour-efficient technologies and methods are adopted downstream during construction
2
2011 2013 2014 2015 2017
Voluntary BIM submission Mandatory BIM submission for new building projects > 20,000 m2 Mandatory BIM submission for new building projects > 5,000 m2
2
Workforce Training and Upgrading (WTU) Fund
Continuous Education Training (CET) for existing workforce
Enhanced BCA-Industry Built Environment Scholarship / Sponsorship
Attract high quality entrants
Building Information Modelling (BIM) Fund
Enhance integration and promote collaborative BIM
Productivity Innovation Projects (PIP)
Encourage technology adoption and process re-engineering
Mechanisation Credit (MechC) Scheme
Encourage mechanization and reduce labour reliance
Capability Building Integration of Value Chain Technology Adoption
3
Workforce Training and Upgrading (WTU) Fund
Continuous Education Training (CET) for existing workforce
Enhanced BCA-Industry Built Environment Scholarship / Sponsorship
Attract high quality entrants
Capability Building
3
assessment in
CoreTrade Scheme and Multi-Skilling Scheme 2. Selected PMET*
courses related to
productivity
*Professional Managerial Executive and Technical Personnel
Productivity Innovation Projects (PIP)
Encourage technology adoption and process re-engineering
Mechanisation Credit (MechC) Scheme
Encourage mechanization and reduce labour reliance
Technology Adoption
3
technology or process improvement
productivity improvement
but must yield 40% productivity improvement
purchase & lease of equipment
equipment
yield > 20% productivity improvement
*Must create great impact in driving productivity gain in the industry
Building Information Modelling (BIM) Fund
Enhance integration and promote collaborative BIM
Integration of Value Chain
3
adopting BIM into work processes.
support, the firm must form a team of > 3 different disciplines, including the main contractor
30% improvement in the project KPI*
*Example for KPI is time taken to resolve Request for Information (RFI) between 2 parties.
Image: Synergis Engineering
Architect MEP Structure Construction
to defray the hardware, software and training costs.
3
4
4
Quality Fee Method (QFM) (procurement of consultancy services) Increment in Productivity weightage: Price Quality Method (PQM) (procurement of construction services) Increment in Productivity weightage:
5 Executive Programmes Academic Programmes Specialist Cert. Programmes Professional Level Associate Level
Executive Development Programme Postgraduate Degree Specialist Certificates Degree Seminars Specialist Diploma Diploma
Stanford-BCA Advanced Management Program: VDC Leadership Enhancing Construction Productivity & Management (Kyoto University) Workshop on Game-Changing Technologies (Build Smart Conference) BCA-IFMA FM Conference Master in International Construction Management with major in Construction Productivity (University of Florida, USA) Bachelor of Construction Management (Building), Bachelor of Civil Engineering (University of Newcastle, Australia) PBU, MET & PPVC courses VDC courses / workshops Prefabricating our Future (PBU) Workshop Certification Course in BIM Management BIM Modelling courses BIM Planning
Construction Productivity
Diploma in Construction IT
6
Site productivity is defined as the floor area completed per manday
0.380 0.381 0.384 0.389 0.395 0.403 0.411 0.419
0.375 0.380 0.385 0.390 0.395 0.400 0.405 0.410 0.415 0.420
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 m2 per manday 1.5% 0.8% 0.3% 1.3% 2.0%
(building works) 2.0% 2.0%
cumulative improvement since 2010
2011 2014 2016 2011
R1 Workers 2016
R1 Workers Ratio of Higher Skilled R1 Workers in the Industry
2% 20% 40%
50 100 150 200 250 300
Larger Consultants Smaller Consultants Larger Contractors Smaller Contractors 14% 36% 50% 58% 25% 17% 15% 50% 35% 14% 33% 53% Larger Consultants Smaller Consultants Larger Contractors Smaller Contractors Adopted Collaborative BIM Adopted Basic BIM Have not adopted BIM
Note: Classification of firm sizes are done according to Singapore’s public sector procurement framework and BCA’s Contractors Registry System (CRS) Note: Basic BIM refers to BIM adoption at the firm level; Collaborative BIM refers to BIM adoption beyond firm level
(off-site and automation)
(on-site)
High quality Faster construction
Less workers on site Greater automation in factory Less dust Less noise Fewer delivery trips
Moving towards a more productive construction sector, while reducing disamenities to the public
Conducive Working Environment
Prefab Components
Structural MEP Architectural
Structural Steel / Advanced Precast / Hybrid PBUs Advanced Prefab Systems Integrated Sub-assemblies Fully Integrated Assemblies PPVC PPVC Precast
Prefabricated Prefinished Volumetric Construction (PPVC)
Wallpaper Engineered timber floor
On-site Dry Applied Finishes
Prefab MEP Deck
Prefab Module with Platform/ Catwalk
Manpower Savings [Project Level]
35% 40% 20% 10% 70%
Manpower Savings [Trade Level]
45% 60%
Prefab Ceiling Module/ Prefab Plant
Prefinished Surfaces
Flexible Water Pipe/ Sprinkler Dropper
Mass Engineered Timber (MET)
Components: Incremental Improvement… …Integrated Assemblies: Game-Changing Improvement
30%
Modules complete with internal finishes, fixtures and fittings are manufactured in factories and transported to site for installation in a Lego-like manner
Photo: Crowne Plaza Hotel
Substantial quantum of reduction in on-site manpower Better construction environment
Why PPVC?
What’s PPVC?
MET refers to engineered wood products that exhibit improved structural integrity for various construction purposes. Some examples include Cross Laminated Timber (CLT), Glued Laminated Timber (Glulam) and Laminated Veneer Lumber (LVL).
What’s MET?
Increase construction productivity, faster construction time & reduce manpower on-site Sustainable construction (reduced carbon emission, less environmental impact & reduce wastage)
Why MET?
CLT is an engineered structural material comprising layers of wood stacked perpendicularly to each
bonded with structural adhesives Glulam is produced in a similar fashion as CLT but with grain aligned in one direction.
Courtesy: UB
Video: OUL & Dragages
Karma House, UK (Residential) Habitat 67, Canada (Residential) By Arch Moshe Safdie
STEEL PPVC
19 STOREYS
CONCRETE PPVC
12 STOREYS
Victoria Hall, London
19 STOREYS
STEEL PPVC
Photo: Tower Trip Photo: ArchiTravel Photo: FreeIndex Photo: Host Wembley Photo: BCA Photo: BCA
Greenwich Creekside (UK) Apex House (UK) Olympic Way (UK)
21 STOREYS
28 STOREYS 20 STOREYS Oval & Triangular shaped floor plan & curved facade designs External bolted balconies & use of various facade elements
Non-rectangular floor layout
Photo: Essentialliving.co.uk Image: HTA.co.uk Photo: World Architecture News Image: Democracybrent.gov.uk Image: HTA.co.uk Photo: HTA.co.uk
(4 completed , 20 on-going)
Hostel, Nursing Home, Hotel, Dormitory, Residential, Industrial, Commercial etc.
10-Storey Crowne Plaza Hotel Extension Completed in 2016 9-Storey Woodlands Care Home Completed in 2017 13-Storey NTU Nanyang Crescent Hostel Completed in 2017 12-Storey Wisteria Commercial & Condominium To be completed in 2018
40-Storey Clement Canopy Condominium To be completed in 2019
COMPLETED COMPLETED ON-GOING ON-GOING COMPLETED
13-Storey NTU North Hill Hostel Completed in 2016 COMPLETED
Photo: Dragages Photo: NTU Photo: Dragages Photo: NTU Photo: NorthernOne Dev. Photo: UOL
ON-GOING
36-Storey Parc Riviera Condominium To be completed in 2019
Photo: EL Development.
Video: NTU, B19 & Struts Building
COMPLETED COMPLETED BCA SkyLab Visitor Lounge Completed in 2016 NTU Sports Hall Completed in 2016 3-Storey JTC Launchpad Light Industrial Building Completed in 2016 Singapore Sustainability Academy Completed in 2017
(4 completed , 6 on-going)
Institutional, Office, Industrial, Sports Hall, Recreational, Dormitory etc.
COMPLETED COMPLETED DESIGN STAGE NTU Academic Building
Photo: BCA Photo: NTU Photo: JTC Photo: CDL Photo: NTU
Build Virtual, then Real to improve planning, resolve clashes, before physical construction
Digitalisation, visualisation, simulation and optimisation of design
FIRST fully integrated, large-scale immersive and experiential learning facility in SE Asia for the built environment sector to drive VDC & BIM
Making productivity improvement as KPI Identify pilot projects Adopt game-changing technologies
*The agencies above constitute up to 90% of total public sector building and civil engineering works
Carrot Stick
Active communication and feedback between Government and industry is essential to achieve desired balance between “carrot” and “stick”
Photo: Coaching Journey
Image: Alphacoders