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Cell Physiolgy By: Dr. Foadoddini Department of Physiology & Pharmacology Birjand University of Medical Sciences Dr. Foadoddini Functional Organization of the Human Body and Control of the "Internal Environment" Transport of

  1. Cell Physiolgy By: Dr. Foadoddini Department of Physiology & Pharmacology Birjand University of Medical Sciences ١ Dr. Foadoddini

  2. Functional Organization of the Human Body and Control of the "Internal Environment" Transport of Substances Through the Cell Membrane ٢ Dr. Foadoddini

  3. Control mechanisms: Negative Feed-back Positive Feed-back Feed-forward (Adaptation) ٣ Dr. Foadoddini

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  20. Membrane Resistance Conductance ٢٠ Dr. Foadoddini

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  26. Na + ‐ K + ATPase. 2 K+ Digitalin Digitalin P ATP ADP 3 Na+ ٢٦ Dr. Foadoddini

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  30. Fick law: J = -DA dC/dx ٣٠ Dr. Foadoddini

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  33. ﻢﻴﺣﺮﻟا ﻦﻤﺣﺮﻟا ﷲا ﻢﺴﺑﻢﻴﺣﺮﻟا ﻦﻤﺣﺮﻟا ﷲا ﻢﺴﺑ Cell Physiolgy ٣٣ Dr. Foadoddini

  34. Membrane Potentials and Action Potentials ٣٤ Dr. Foadoddini

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  39. E Na= +61 mV E K = -94 mV ٣٩ Dr. Foadoddini

  40. Goldman equation: ٤٠ Dr. Foadoddini

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  42. Self –Assessment (Bern) 1. With reference to the situation diagrammed below, which statement is true? A. CI- is in equilibrium. B. K+is in equilibrium. C. There is a net tendency for K+to diffuse C from B to A. D. Work is required to cause K+to flow from B to A. 2. In the "concentration cell" depicted below, the membrane is permeable to Cl- but completely impermeable to K+. Which statement is true? A. K+will diffuse from A to B. B. A potential difference EA- EB of +60 mV B will develop. C. Absolutely no Cl- will flow from A to B. D. Both K+and CI- will attain equilibrium . ٤٢ Dr. Foadoddini

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  44. TTX TEA Dr. Foadoddini ٤٤

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  48. Role of Ca Other onines ٤٨ Dr. Foadoddini

  49. Threshold / Firing level Stimulus: Types Amplitude Duration ٤٩ Dr. Foadoddini

  50. A Positive-feedback Vicious Cycle Opens the Sodium Channel Direction of impulse All –or- None Law ٥٠ Dr. Foadoddini

  51. Re-establishing Ionic Gradients After Action Potentials "recharging” of the nerve fiber is an active metabolic process Effect of excess sodium ions accumulate inside the cell membrane. ٥١ Dr. Foadoddini

  52. Importance of plateau Slow Ca-Na voltage channel Latency in K voltage channel ٥٢ Dr. Foadoddini

  53. REPETITIVE DISCHARGE Rhythmicity Cardiac m.: heart rate Smooth m.: peristalsis of the intestines CNS: neural event eg: control of breathing. Effect of Veratrine or low evel of Ca on N. or M. permeable enough to sodium ions or calcium to allow automatic membrane depolarization. "resting" membrane potential is only - 60 to -70 mV Hyperpolarization: for a short period thereafter, the membrane becomes excessively permeable to potassium ions ٥٣ Dr. Foadoddini

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  55. sphingomyelin. is an excellent electrical insulator that decreases ion flow through the membrane about 5000-fold saltatory conduction. ٥٥ Dr. Foadoddini

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  57. saltatory conduction increases the velocity of nerve transmission requiring little metabolism Repolarization to occur with very little transfer of ions ٥٧ Dr. Foadoddini

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  59. Membrane stabilizing factors: Ca Local Anesthesia: procaine, tetracaine ٥٩ Dr. Foadoddini

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