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Bright, unfriendly words Gestalt psychology and childrens word perception Olivia Lima Psychology 250 April 3, 2005 Consider these figures Which is called TAKETE? And which is MALUMA? What did you say?

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Bright, unfriendly words

Gestalt psychology and children’s word perception

Olivia Lima Psychology 250 April 3, 2005

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Consider these figures…

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Which is called “TAKETE”?

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And which is “MALUMA”?

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What did you say?

Maluma is the round one, and Takete pointy?
Nearly all adults identify this way
What about the figures makes us identify them so

predictably?

What about our minds makes us identify them so

predictably?

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Gestalt Psychology

Kohler (1929)
Tendency to perceive wholes
Organization of perception according to

patterns

Lindauer (1990)
Attribution of qualities to maluma & takete

Kohler, W. (1929). Gestalt Psychology. New York: Liveright. Lindauer, M. S. (1990). The effects of the physiognomic stimuli taketa and maluma on the meanings of neutral stimuli. Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society. Vol 28(2), 151-154.

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Expansions

Cross cultural / linguistic
English1
Dutch (another Germanic)2
French (Romance)3
Serbian (Slavic)4

1: Irwin, F.W. & Newland, E. (1940). A genetic study of the naming of visual figures. Journal of Psychology, 9, 3-16. 2 & 3: Ammon, K. H., Moerman, C., Guleac, J. D. (1977) Aphasics' defective perception of connotative meaning of verbal items which have no denotative meaning. Cortex. Vol 13(4), 453-457. 4: Jankovic & Markovic (2000,2001)

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Expansions

Production4
More m, a, l, o, n phonemes for Maluma
More t, z, r, c, k phonemes for Takete
Other populations
Aphasics: not present5
Children: present in grade school6

. 4: Jankovic &* Markovic, 2000,2001 5: Ammon, Moerman & Guleac, 1977 6: Irwin & Newland, 1940

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Our study

What about preschool children?
How early can this phenomenon be
bserved?
Are there developmental changes during the

preschool period?

Requires some procedural modification

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The teddy bear is in the MALUMA box. Can you find him?

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Preliminary Results

83% of preschoolers use names like adults
2, 3, and 4-year-olds tested

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Future Directions

Word specific?
Local phonemes, existing words
Phoneme classes
Voiced / unvoiced
Refugee population
African languages

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Thanks to collaborators

Lise Dobrin
Vikram Jaswal
Michael Kubovy
Jon Backdash
Michael Schutz
Lauren Malone
Keelah Andrews
Sally Gustafson
Gillian Hatch
Brittany McLaughlin
Molly Wallace
Cristina Wilcox