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Brief Encounter Networks Vassilis Kostakos Oxford University, 16 October 2007 Motivation Understand the affordances of peoples mobility, and identify opportunities for pervasive systems Overview Data collection

  1. Brief Encounter Networks Vassilis Kostakos Oxford University, 16 October 2007

  2. Motivation • Understand the “affordances” of people’s mobility, and • identify opportunities for pervasive systems

  3. Overview • Data collection • Structural properties • Dynamic properties • Diffusion • Ongoing work

  4. Data collection

  6. 1 5 2 2 1 3 4 4 Scanner 5 3 6 6 time

  8. Timeline view

  9. Gatecount timelines

  10. Gatecounts

  11. Bluetooth visibility • Around 7.5% of observed pedestrians had discoverable Bluetooth devices (R^2 = 0.88)

  12. Structural properties

  13. 1 5 2 2 1 3 4 4 Scanner 5 3 6 6 time

  18. Dynamic properties

  19. Dynamic properties • Our data is not static • 3D structure • Chain of events

  21. Presence Frequency Nodes Links

  22. Model • Fixed population size n • Each node assigned probability f and p • At each iteration, node is activated with probability f • If a node is activated, it remains active for p times length of previous inactivity • If two nodes are simultaneously active, they are linked to each other

  23. 0 1 0 1

  25. Diffusion

  26. Chain of events • John, Mary, 14:20:30 • John, Paul, 14:20:32 • Mary,Nick, 14:20:33 • ...

  27. Emulation • Class “device” • Class “virus” • During encounter, virus is transmitted • Device recovers (SIS) or dies (SIR)

  30. Remove Remove Persistent Encounters Brief Encounters

  31. Remove Remove Persistent Encounters Brief Encounters

  32. Ongoing work

  33. DTN forwarding algorithm • Static features • Node degree • Node betweenness • Node closeness • Average geodesic path (Bath = 3.3) • Community detection (21 using Newman)

  34. Considering time

  36. Game of real life

  37. Tamagotchi

  38. facebook Cityware Cityware servers analyse data Cityware nodes Users' social network record & upload data grows People with Bluetooth devices Facebook application bumping into each other presents data (shopping, school, work)

  41. New challenges • Best utilisation of this platform? • Create a “world socio-map”? • Develop adaptable systems • Develop more secure systems • Put numbers on human relationships • Put numbers on “fabric of everyday life”

  42. Thank you Vassilis Kostakos vk @ cs. bath. ac. uk http :// www. cityware. org. uk

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