Biomimetic Rat Mechatronics Bilal Gill, Harish Nair, Joe Frezzo

Outline • Motivation • Rat Research • Sensors/Robot Design • Circuitry • Results/Demonstration

Motivation • NYC rat population matches City’s human population. • Coastal flooding of NYC by Hurricane Sandy displaced rat to new inland areas. • Public Health Issue: Rats are carriers for zoonotic viruses such as Hantavirus. • An understanding of rat behavior is needed for educational/research purposes

Rat Research I Normal Color-blind Normally-pigmented Human Vision Human Vision Rat Vision • Visual acuity or angular resolution often measured in cycles per degree (cpd) • A human typically has an acuity in the range of 30-50 cpd while a rat One degree two degrees has an acuity of 1 cpd.

Rat Research II • Warmth-seeking behavior • Suppresion of non-shivering thermogenesis in the rat by heat-seeking behaviour during cold exposure . Watanabe, T.; Nakamore, T.; Murakami, N.; Morimoto, A. J. Physio. 1986; 380: 541- 549. • Tactile sensing • At short-range distances, rats rely on whiskers for “visual” acuity depth perception. • Piloerectile muscle permit whiskers to sweep back and forth at rates of 4-12 sweeps per second

Sensors/Robot Design I Arduino Leonardo Specifications Microcontroller ATmega32u4 Operating Voltage 5V Input Voltage (recommended) 7-12V Input Voltage (limits) 6-20V Digital I/O Pins 20 PWM Channels 7 Analog Input Channels 12 DC Current per I/O Pin 40 mA DC Current for 3.3V Pin 50 mA Flash Memory 32 KB (ATmega32u4) 4 KB used by bootloader SRAM 2.5 KB (ATmega32u4) EEPROM 1 KB (ATmega32u4) Clock Speed 16 MHz

Sensors/Robot Design II

Sensors/Robot Design III

Sensor/Robot Design IV Digital sensor: Tactile “Whiskers” “Tail” Photoresistor: Light evading UV Diode: “eye” Warmth-seeking sensory systems

References • Watanabe, T.; Nakamore, T.; Murakami, N.; Morimoto, A. Suppresion of non-shivering thermogenesis in the rat by heat-seeking behaviour during cold exposure. J. Physio. 1986; 380: 541-549. • Gregory, K. “Rise in Complaints About Rats Prompts Call for New Eradication Program” New York Times . 20 Feb. 2013: A4. Print • Peeples , L. “ Hurricane Sandy Could Displace Rats, Spread Infectious Disease” Huffington Post. HPMG News. Web.. 9 Oct. 2012. • Hanson, A. "What Do Rats See ?“ Rat behavior and biology. 7 Dec. 2006. [18 Nov. 2013]. http://www.ratbehavior.org/history.htm • ArduinoCC. Arduino SA. 2013. Web. 25. Nov. 2013. http://arduino.cc/en/Main/arduinoBoardLeonardo

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Biomimetic Rat Mechatronics Bilal Gill, Harish Nair, Joe Frezzo - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Biomimetic Rat Mechatronics Bilal Gill, Harish Nair, Joe Frezzo Outline Motivation Rat Research Sensors/Robot Design Circuitry Results/Demonstration Motivation NYC rat population matches Citys human population.

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