BIOLOGY and BIOTECHNOLOGY Biology ---- branch of science concerned with living thing Biotechnology ---- technological application that uses biological systems, living organisms or derivatives thereof, to make or modify products or processes for specific use Plants, animals, birds, bacteria, fungus Microorganisms ---- easy to study, work as they have a simple and comparatively smaller genetic make up 3
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Deepwater Horizon oil spill April 20, 2010 BP, a leader in deep water oil drilling efforts Triggered --- environmental disaster --- a gas release and subsequent explosion occurred on the Deepwater Horizon oil rig Dumped an estimated 205 million gallons of oil into the Gulf of Mexico Several studies suggest that microbes successfully consumed part of the oil Alcanivorax borkumensis was added to the waters to speed digestion
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19 th - 20 th century was characterized by an increasing awareness towards environmental issues such as depletion of natural resources, threat to biodiversity and hazards of increased air, water and soil pollution……. 11
Biogeotechnology 12
Biogeotechnology Any technological application that uses living organisms to solve geological problems 13
Various methods to treat the slope surface using vegetation http://personal.cityu.edu.hk/~bswmwong/pl/pdf/slope_protection.pdf Applications of plants and vegetative soil cover for soil erosion control, slope protection, 14 preventation of slope failure, reduction of water infiltration into slopes
PHYTOREMEDIATION Plants can help bind, extract, transform and clean up many kinds of pollution including metals, pesticides, chlorinated solvents, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), explosives, radionuclides and petroleum hydrocarbons Plants clean up these forms of pollution as far down as their roots can grow Plants also help prevent wind and rain from carrying pollution away from the site to other areas. Brown mustard, Sunflower, Bladder campion, Barley, Pumpkin, Red clover, Poplars, Pine, tobacco, water hyacinth
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