Application of Nuclear Techniques in Agriculture and Biotechnology Dr. Nayyer Iqbal Agriculture and Biotechnology Division PAEC, HQs, Islamabad 1/18
Application of Nuclear Techniques in Agriculture and Biotechnology Sequence of presentation • Background • Agri. Biotech Centers of PAEC • Areas of Application • Our Contributions 2/18
Background • Term ‘Atoms for Peace’ coined in 1953 • Pakistan among the first countries to participate in programme • PAEC established in 1956 - Development of agriculture sector - First research centre in 1962 - Basic and applied research - Human resource development 3/18
PAEC Agriculture & Biotechnology Centers NIA , Tandojam, Sindh , 1962 Nuclear Institute for Agriculture NIAB, Faisalabad , Punjab, 1972 Nuclear Institute for Agriculture & Biology NIFA , Peshawar, KPK, 1982 Nuclear Institute for Food and Agriculture NIBGE , Faisalabad, Punjab, 1994 National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering 4/18
Overview Of Agri & Biotech Div. • 1236 employees • 238 scientists • > 100 Ph. Ds • 17 (Ph. Ds/ Post Doc.) – abroad • Competitive projects dependent R & D 5/18
Areas of R&D in Agri. Biotech • Crop Improvement • Insect Pest Control • Animal Production and Health • Soil-Water and Plant Nutrition Management • Food and Environmental Protection 6/18
Crop Varieties Developed by PAEC Institutes Crop NIA NIAB NIFA NIBGE Total Cotton 04 09 - 03 16 Chickpea - 05 04 - 09 Lentil 01 03 01 - 05 Mungbean 01 11 01 - 13 Sugarcane 03 - - - 03 Rice 07 02 - - 09 Wheat 14 - 06 - 20 Total 30 30 12 03 75 7/18
Cotton NIA, NIAB, NIBGE • 83 varieties released from 1919 to 2011 • 16 varieties contributed by PAEC • NIAB-78: White Revolution – Area covered: 70-20% – 4.5 M bales to 7.8 M bales – Approved in 1983, remained in the field for longest period (1983-2000) – Additional Income of Rs. 90 Billion 8/18
Wheat NIA, NIFA • Total PAEC Varieties : 20 • Total Area covered: ~20 % • NIA Varieties: ~ 40% area in Sindh – NIA drought Tolerant variety: 1 – NIA germplasm: Ug-99 resistant – NIFA rainfed varieties: 2 – NIFA irrigated varieties: 3 • NIFA varieties : 30 – 40 % in KPK 9/18
Mungbean NIAB, NIA, NIFA • Total Varieties of PAEC = 13 • Mungbean Area covered = 90 % • NIAB Mungbean Varieties brought another Green Revolution (CGIAR Report – 1990) 10/18
Plant Protection NIA, NIAB, NIFA • Integrated Pest Management • Mass production facilities of beneficial insects to control damaging insects • Transfer of Technology to Sugar Mills, • Bio-control for cotton sucking insects and fruit flies • Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) 11/18
Bio-control of Sugurcane Borers A success story from NIA Particulars 2009 2010 2011 Total area treated ha 98,000 99,500 105,000 Cost of insecticide/ha (Rs.) 3594 4236 5298 Cost of bio-control /ha (Rs.) 1729 1902 2075 Saving/ha (Rs.) 1865 2334 3223 Total saving (Rs. in Million) 182.77 232.23 338.42 Additional Benefits • Less pollution • Savings on Foreign exchange 12/18
Animal Production and Health Vaccine Production at NIAB Hemorrhagic Septicemia (Gal Ghotu) ● Long life vaccine for cattle ● Commercialized ● Total Sale : Rs. 30 M (2006-12) Newcastle Disease (Rani Kheit) ● Virus (PMV-1) spreads in birds through secretions ● Dry vaccine in progress 13/18
Soil-Water and Plant Nutrition Management NIA, NIAB, NIBGE • NIAB developed Bio-Saline Agriculture Technology - Demonstrated at Pakka Anna, Faisalabad (1000 Acres) - Subsequently, GoP launched 02 mega national projects based on this model - Salt tolerant germplasm and production technology provided to farmers • NIBGE Developed and marketed Bio-fertilizer (‘ Biopower ’) • Integrated Plant Nutrient Management (IPNM) Developed at NIA and NIAB 14/18
Food and Environmental Protection NIA, NIAB, NIBGE Analytical Services for Aflatoxins & Pesticides provided to food industries & exporters DNA based Basmati rice purity test for Rice Export (US $ ~2 billion) 15/18
Food and Environmental Protection NIFA PARAS FOODS 1 st Commercial Food Irradiator - Fruits and vegetables - Cereals and pulses - Dry fruits and spices - Ready meals Benefits - Reduction in post harvest loses - Increase in export - Compliance with WTO regulations - Decreased utilization of chemicals and fumigants 16/18
Environmental Protection NIBGE Bioremediation of oil Contamination - Tasman Spirit (2003) - 12000 tones spilled Bio-desulfurization of coal through heap leaching - 300 Tones Heap - 70% sulfur removed in 36 days 17/18
Human Resource Development • NIBGE: Largest MPhil & PhD Biotechnology Programme ( PhD = 184, MPhil = 267) • Annual Training Courses: Routine activity in all Centres – NIAB – 39th Postgraduate Training Course – NIFA – 26th Postgraduate Training Course – NIBGE – 10th Advanced Biotechnology Course – NIA – 2 nd National Workshop on Bio-control Management of Pests • Specialized Training Courses in collaboration • with National & International Organizations 18/18
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