BEST PRACTICES IN DRUG TESTING Workplace Testing Justice - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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BEST PRACTICES IN DRUG TESTING Workplace Testing Justice - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Jun 19, 2023 261 likes •612 views

BEST PRACTICES IN DRUG TESTING Workplace Testing Justice Populations AUDIENCE POLL / Who are you? 1. Administrator / Human Resources 2. Corrections / Case Manager 3. Business 4. Law Enforcement 5. Health Services 2 Justice

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BEST PRACTICES IN DRUG TESTING

  • Workplace Testing
  • Justice Populations
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AUDIENCE POLL / Who are you?

  • 1. Administrator / Human Resources
  • 2. Corrections / Case Manager
  • 3. Business
  • 4. Law Enforcement
  • 5. Health Services

Justice Clearinghouse Oct 2017

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OVERDOSES SURPASS AUTO DEATHS

Justice Clearinghouse Oct 2017

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ACROSS ALL AGE GROUPS

Justice Clearinghouse Oct 2017

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ACROSS ALL DEMOGRAPHICS

Justice Clearinghouse Oct 2017

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HEROIN OPIOID DEATHS

Justice Clearinghouse Oct 2017

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ORIGINS OF DRUG TESTING

  • Dawn of the Industrial Age
  • Nixon Administration
  • Reagan Administration

Justice Clearinghouse Oct 2017

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CASE LAW 4th Amendment Reasonable expectation to privacy Special needs exclusions

Justice Clearinghouse Oct 2017

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RATIONALES FOR DRUG TESTING

  • 1. Screen Job Applicants
  • 2. Workplace Safety Protection Productivity
  • 3. Contain Healthcare Costs
  • 4. Deter drug use and relapse/ prevention
  • 5. Determine Accident Liability
  • 6. Encourage Healthy Living and Families
  • 7. Enforce Court Orders / Surveillance

Justice Clearinghouse Oct 2017

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WORKPLACE TESTING TRENDS 5/16/17 Report on Workplace Testing

  • Overall positive rate of 4.2% for 2016
  • Marijuana has increased each of the past

three years

  • CO and WA are twice the national average

Justice Clearinghouse Oct 2017

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WORKPLACE TESTING

  • Pre employment
  • Randomized verification testing
  • Testing for probable cause
  • Testing following accident or injury

Justice Clearinghouse Oct 2017

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WORKPLACE IMPLEMENTATION HURDLES

  • Workforce resistance
  • Downsides
  • Workforce adoption / trust

Justice Clearinghouse Oct 2017

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WORKPLACE SUMMARY

  • Purpose
  • Research
  • Policies
  • Educate
  • Fidelity

Justice Clearinghouse Oct 2017

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JUSTICE POPULATIONS

  • Diversion
  • Pretrial
  • Family Courts
  • CPS
  • Jails
  • Probation
  • Prisons
  • Parole
  • Juveniles
  • Adults
  • Transferred Youth
  • Therapeutic Courts
  • Target populations
  • Drug
  • Alcohol
  • Co‐occurring disorders

Justice Clearinghouse Oct 2017

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INEFFECTIVE DRUG POLICIES

  • WAR on DRUGS
  • Mass Incarceration
  • Family Devastation
  • Increased Racial Inequality
  • Jails and Prisons used to treat mental illness

Justice Clearinghouse Oct 2017 10/12/2 017

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WHAT HAS BEEN LEARNED?

  • Therapeutic approaches are proven to work when

implemented according to design.

  • Case management is informed by assessments and

should be tailored to personal needs. (RNR)

  • Drug testing encourages drug abstinence.
  • Regular drug testing coupled with treatment

improves outcomes and lessens risk.

  • Don’t mix low and low‐medium risk offenders with

higher risk offenders.

Justice Clearinghouse Oct 2017

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EVIDENCE BASED KNOWLEDGE FOR TESTING OFFENDER POPULATIONS

  • National Association of Drug Court Professionals
  • Adult Drug Court Best Practice Standards Vol II 2015
  • 10 Principles of a Good Testing Program
  • Michigan Association of Treatment Court

Professionals

  • Standards, Best Practices, Promising Practices
  • March 2017

Justice Clearinghouse Oct 2017

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NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF DRUG COURT PROFESSIONALS

  • Frequent Testing
  • Random Testing
  • Duration of Testing
  • Breadth of Testing
  • Witnessed Collection
  • Valid Specimens
  • Accurate and Reliable Methodology
  • Rapid Results and Consequences
  • Participant Contract

Justice Clearinghouse Oct 2017

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MICHIGAN ASSOCIATION OF TREATMENT COURT PROFESSIONALS

  • Detailed manual for court, officer and donor
  • Client contract expectations & responsibilities
  • Scientific, Valid testing Methodology
  • Collection witnessed, random & unannounced
  • Confirmed testing unless admits to use
  • Validity testing/ diluted, adulterated, tampered
  • Rigid interpretation guidelines
  • Eliminate interpretation of urine levels
  • Behavior change intervention strategies
  • Caveat – drug detection is one dimension

Justice Clearinghouse Oct 2017

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DRUG COURT SELECTION PROCESS

  • High needs for drug treatment
  • Seriously addicted individuals
  • Preadmission screening and evaluation

assessment

  • Multi‐discipline team case management
  • Approved by the prosecutor
  • Voice given to the victim

Justice Clearinghouse Oct 2017

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WHAT OF THE OTHER POPULATIONS?

  • Agencies and officers need guidance
  • GAP – Lower risk offenders
  • Most offenders come into the system with a

history of drug and/or alcohol use and are Court

  • rdered to test
  • How to apply EBP to case management
  • Drug testing training guides for officers

Justice Clearinghouse Oct 2017

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JUSTICE CLIENTS SUMMARY

  • Purpose
  • Research
  • Policies
  • Educate
  • Fidelity

Justice Clearinghouse Oct 2017

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COLLECTIONS STANDARDS

  • Direct Visual Verification
  • Chain of Custody
  • Certified Laboratories
  • Confirmation Testing
  • Expert Testimony

Justice Clearinghouse Oct 2017

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VISUAL MONITORING COLLECTION

Justice Clearinghouse Oct 2017

Female Restroom Male Restroom

  • One way mirror to view collection
  • Bluing agent in toilets
  • No hot water
  • No chemicals in area
  • Remove excessive clothing
  • No items allowed in restroom
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EVASION

  • Diluted
  • Adulterant
  • Substitution
  • Devices

Justice Clearinghouse Oct 2017

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CHAIN OF CUSTODY / CONTROL

  • Document of Order
  • Collection details
  • Transportation manifest
  • Laboratory check in
  • Verification of sample and Chain
  • Bar coded to order and testing device
  • Results Certification

Justice Clearinghouse Oct 2017

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DETECTION TIMES

Justice Clearinghouse Oct 2017

Media Approximate Detection Period Urine 24‐72 hours Oral Fluid 12‐36 hours / 6‐8 hours THC Hair Head hair: 14‐90 days prior Body hair: 30‐365 days prior Blood 8‐36 hours Sweat 1‐4 weeks (period patch is worn)

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URINE DETECTION TIMES

Justice Clearinghouse Oct 2017

Stimulants: Amphetamines, Cocaine, Ecstasy, 24‐72 hours Bath Salts Narcotics / Narcotic Analgesics: Methadone, Opiates, Propoxyphene 24‐72 hours Sedative Hypnotics Barbiturates, Benzodiazepines 24‐72 hours / 2‐6 wks* Hallucinogens: Marijuana 24‐72 hrs / 2‐6 wks* PCP, LSD 2‐5 days Depressants: Alcohol 1‐12 hours Ethyl Glucuronide (EtG) 8‐72 hours Fentanyl 2 ‐3 days

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GENERAL INFORMATION

  • Marijuana
  • Amphetamines
  • Opiates
  • EtG

Justice Clearinghouse Oct 2017

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TRENDING DRUGS

  • Dextromethorphan (dxm)
  • Bath Salts
  • SPICE
  • Kratom

Justice Clearinghouse Oct 2017

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TYPES OF EXPOSURE

Justice Clearinghouse Oct 2017

  • Sexual intercourse with a drug user
  • Touching a contaminated surface
  • Inhaling second‐hand smoke
  • Consuming products cooked with alcohol
  • Hand Sanitizer
  • Mouthwashes
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INCIDENTAL EXPOSURES

Justice Clearinghouse Oct 2017

  • Hand sanitizer applied every 15 minutes for 8 hours – Negative
  • Gargling mouthwash 3 times a day for 5 days – Negative
  • Gargling mouthwash 4 times a day for 78 hours – Negative
  • Eating beer brats – Negative
  • Communion wine – Negative
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THANK YOU

For viewing this presentation

MARK HENDERSHOT Chief Information Officer

mhendershot@tascsolutions.org