Beam and Large Detectors for the US Long Baseline Neutrino Experiment Jon Urheim Indiana University 16 December 2010
Outline • The LBNE Project: – Origins, CD‐0 (“mission need”), Scope & Status • The LBNE Beam Line – General CharacterisTcs, Technical Components • Water Cherenkov (WCD) Far Detector – Cavern, Vessel, PMT’s • Liquid Argon TPC (LArTPC) Far Detector – Cavern, Membrane cryostat, TPC mechanics & electronics Disclaimer: “reference designs” described here evolving rapidly! Beam and Detectors for LBNE – J. Urheim, Indiana University – NNN10 16 Dec. 2010 2
What is LBNE? • LBNE = Long Baseline Neutrino Experiment – It is the name of the “Project” being proposed to U.S. funding agencies. – Its impetus was provided by the very influenTal 2008 P5 report. – LBNE represents the “next generaTon” of osc’n experiments following T2K & NOvA accelerator + Double Chooz, Daya Bay, & Reno reactor expts • Nominally it involves: – A new intense wide‐band “low‐energy” neutrino beam line at FNAL. – A “Near Detector” facility located at the edge of the FNAL site – A “Far Detector” facility 1290 km away at DUSEL (Homestake mine in SD) • Liquid Argon TPC (17‐51 kt) and/or Water Cherenkov (100‐300 kt) • Timescale: Bulk of data‐taking in the 2020’s (!!) Beam and Detectors for LBNE – J. Urheim, Indiana University – NNN10 16 Dec. 2010 3
Status of PreparaTon of Conceptual Design • Design Efforts – By Fall 2008, considerable momentum already established. – Science CollaboraTon forming then • Denoted as “Homestake Neutrino Detector” collaboraTon in fall 2009 – Water Cherenkov proponents awarded NSF “S4” funds for engineering support – Liquid Argon efforts grown out of Fermilab R&D acTviTes, incl. MicroBooNE – AcTviTes formalized/accelerated w/ formaTon of “LBNE” Project in 2009 • establishment of project management structure/personnel – DOE grants “CriTcal Decision 0” in January 2010 authorizaTon to develop conceptual design for 2 x 100‐kt Water Cherenkov Module Equivalents • 3 rd module could be built if funded internaTonally • Deliverable for CD‐1 approval: “Conceptual Design Report” – Current Drao well over 1,000 pages. CD‐1 review planned in 2011. Beam and Detectors for LBNE – J. Urheim, Indiana University – NNN10 16 Dec. 2010 4
The LBNE Beam Line See also slides from G. Rameika • Highlights: – Wide‐band on‐axis beam (0.5‐5 GeV + HE tail) – Pitched down at 5.6 o (10% grade) – 700 kW beam line, upgradable to 2.3 MW – Builds on experTse gained with NuMI: • Focus on reliability, safety, finite lifeTme of components, and need for remote handling & storage of spent components. Beam and Detectors for LBNE – J. Urheim, Indiana University – NNN10 16 Dec. 2010 5
Slide courtesy V. Papadimitriou Beam and Detectors for LBNE – J. Urheim, Indiana University – NNN10 16 Dec. 2010 6
Slide courtesy G. Rameika Beam and Detectors for LBNE – J. Urheim, Indiana University – NNN10 16 Dec. 2010 7
Beam Line Parameters Beam Parameter Value Protons per cycle 4.9 x 10 13 Cycle Tme (120 GeV) 1.33 sec Compare w/ NuMI: Pulse duraTon 1.0 x 10 ‐5 sec Proton beam energy 60 to 120 GeV Design: 400 kW OperaTng at: 300 kW Beam power at 120 GeV 708 kW OperaTonal efficiency 63% ~ 3 x 10 13 ppp Protons at target per year 7.3 x 10 20 ~ 2 sec cycle Tme Beam size at focus 1.5 mm Beam divergence x,y 0.017 mrad Beam and Detectors for LBNE – J. Urheim, Indiana University – NNN10 16 Dec. 2010 8
Primary Beam Line • Requirements/SpecificaTons: – Minimize Losses: • Extensive beam permit system w/ 250 parameters • Open extracTon channel, large magnet apertures (> 47mm x 120 mm for dipoles, 72 mm for quads) to accommodate varied beam condiTons (beyond 500 π Main Injector dynamic aperture) • Strong focusing opTcs, automated beam pos’n control • Power supply regulaTon to few ppm. • Robust instrumentaTon. Beam and Detectors for LBNE – J. Urheim, Indiana University – NNN10 16 Dec. 2010 9
Neutrino Beam Technical Components Beam and Detectors for LBNE – J. Urheim, Indiana University – NNN10 16 Dec. 2010 10
NuMI Horn 1, aoer 1st year of running Recent repair to Horn 1 made difficult due to high radiation levels: 75 r/hr ( 0.75 Sv/hr) on contact 35 r/hr ( 0.35 Sv/hr) at 1 foot Repair worker gets weekly dose limit in a few seconds! 2 minute repair job distributed over crew of 10, total 371 mr. Slide from 2004, Courtesy J. Hylen Beam and Detectors for LBNE – J. Urheim, Indiana University – NNN10
Target Hall Layout Beam and Detectors for LBNE – J. Urheim, Indiana University – NNN10 16 Dec. 2010 12
Target and Horns Target – Nominally Graphite core – Design for 700 kW target proceding at IHEP Protvino, upgradable to 2.3 kW – Fully inserted into Horn 1, but can be removed w/ remote handling Horns – Horn 1 u/s: cylindrical – Horn 1 d/s: parabolic – Horn 2: parabolic – Polarity under external control Beam and Detectors for LBNE – J. Urheim, Indiana University – NNN10 16 Dec. 2010 13
Far Detector OpTons: • 2 x 100‐kt (fid.) Water Cherenkov Modules (WCD) ? – w/wo Gadolinium doping (for relic SN neutrinos) ?? • 2 x 17‐kt (fid.) Liquid Argon TPC Modules (LAr20) ? – w/wo scinTllaTon/cherenkov photon detectors ?? • 1 x WCD + 1 x LAr20 ? Beam and Detectors for LBNE – J. Urheim, Indiana University – NNN10 16 Dec. 2010 14
See also slides from L. Whitehead The “WCD” Far Detector Module • 100kt (fiducial) 138 kt total water mass • 20% coverage: 50,000 x 10” diameter PMTs – Hamamatsu R7081’s are candidate tubes • Located at the DUSEL 4850’ level (4290 mwe) – Cosmic muon rate ~ 0.1 Hz – SubstanTal cavern excavaTon project • Builds on substanTal experience from SK and earlier detectors. Beam and Detectors for LBNE – J. Urheim, Indiana University – NNN10 16 Dec. 2010 15
100 kt Water Cherenkov Detector Module Beam and Detectors for LBNE – J. Urheim, Indiana University – NNN10 16 Dec. 2010 16
100 kt WCD: 4850’ & 5060’ Levels Support rooms for water treatment, Slide courtesy MEP, control & clean rooms E. McCluskey Sumps Mucking egress and operaTonal sump access drio and secondary egress @ 5060L Secondary egress from LC1 Beam and Detectors for LBNE – J. Urheim, Indiana University – NNN10 16 Dec. 2010 17
Water Cherenkov Module Highly integrated design – Water containment/cavern interface – MagneTc compensaTon coils – PMT InstallaTon Units – Water recirculaTon manifolds – Deck & electronics / PMT interface Beam and Detectors for LBNE – J. Urheim, Indiana University – NNN10 16 Dec. 2010 18
Water Containment System Vessel liner material: Polymeric sheet liner is a preferred opTon – 3mm stainless steel (304) is in baseline for – now, as polymeric materials are under study Beam and Detectors for LBNE – J. Urheim, Indiana University – NNN10 16 Dec. 2010 19
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