Background Acidic deposition patterns and issues Linkages with - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

 Background  Acidic deposition patterns and issues  Linkages with mercury  Linkages with climate change  Linkage with State, regional and U.S programs  Final thoughts

 Seepage  Drainage

 Thin till  Medium till  Thick till  Carbonate

Climatic Data

• Solar radiation
• Precipitation
• Temperature

PnET Water balance Photosynthesis Living biomass Litterfall Net Mineralization BGC – Surface water Aqueous reactions Uptake Deep water flow Weathering Wet Deposition Dry Deposition BGC

• Aqueous reactions
• Surface reactions
• Cation exchange
• Adsorption
• Humic binding
• Aluminum dissolution/precipitation

Atmospheric Chemistry Carbon dioxide Ozone

48 Long Term Monitoring Lakes 1992-2008

Change (ueq/L-yr, umol/L-yr)

• 4
• 2

2 CB SO4 + NO3 HION ALIM ANC Ca NO3 SO4

Min - Mean - Max n=47 n=28 n=35 n=34 n=39 n=19 n=46 n=29

48 Long Term Monitoring Lakes 1992-2008

Change (umol C/L-yr)

• 15
• 10
• 5

5 10 15 20 Min - Mean - Max n=22

DOC

Effects of increases in DOC supply: compensating acidification, enhanced metal transport but decreases in bioavailability, and increase attenuation of light and prolonged thermal stratification

Cumulative Frequency Diagram for Exch. Al (cmolc/Kg)

• Exch. Al Normalized to C (Oa Horizon)

Exchangeable Aluminum (cmolc/Kg)

20 40 60 80

% Less than Exch. Acidity

20 40 60 80 100

1984 2001

Cumulative Frequency Diagram for Ca (cmolc/Kg) Ca Normalized to C (Oa Horizon)

Ca (cmolc/Kg)

20 40 60 80 100 120 140

% Less thab Ca

20 40 60 80 100

1984 2001

% Less than Ca

ANC(ueq/L)

• 200
• 100

100 200 300 400 500

Number Fish S pecies

• 4
• 2

2 4 6 8 10 12 14

Acute Low S evere E levated Moderate

DOC (mg C L-1) 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 FTHg (ng L-1) 2 4 6 HBEF r2 = 0.67 Sleepers River r2 = 0.78 Beaver Meadow r2 = 0.86 Lake Inlet r2 = 0.92

y = 6.67x-2.40 r

2 = 0.49; P < 0.0001; n = 131

Sulfate (mg/L) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 MeHg (ng/L) 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8

Sunday Lake Arbutus Lake

AOGCM

• Hadley (high sensitivity)
• GFDL (mid sensitivity)
• PCM (low sensitivity)

Low CO2 = 550 ppm High CO2 = 970 ppm at 2100

With CO2 Fertilization

Acidification Recove

Sulfate Nitrate ANC Fish

?

DOC

Lake Lakes

ry

Sulfate Nitrate Acidity Soil Sugar Maple Calcium Red Spruce

? ?

Deposition Forests Strongly Recovering Moderately Recovering Uncertain Deteriorating

Mercury Interactions

Sulfate Mercury Sulfate Total Mercury Methyl Mercury Fish Mercury DOC

? ? ? ?

Lakes

Soil Mercury

?

Strongly Recovering Moderately Recovering Uncertain Deteriorating

?

Deposition Forests

Climate Interactions

Nitrate ANC Fish

Lakes

?

DOC

? ? ?

Deposition

Soil Nitrate Soil DOC

Forests

? ?

Strongly Recovering Moderately Recovering Uncertain Deteriorating

 NADP, CASTNet, LTM, TIME  CLAD/FOCUS/CASAC  MercNet  Mercury pollution committee in NYS  RGGI

24

hindcast forecast Target load

Isopleth of ANC - Target Load (2030)

• 3

1 1 1 1

• 1
• 1
• 1
• 1
• 2
• 2
• 2

2 2 2 2 3 3 3 4 4

SO4 (eq/ha-yr) NO3 (eq/ha-yr)

ANC (µeq/L) 35.8 48.4 64.0 83.9 104.5 125.2 9.7 16.9 24.9 34.5 44.7 54.9

Isopleth of ANC - Critical Load

5 5 5 5 10 10 10 10 15 15 15

SO4 (eq/ha-yr) NO3 (eq/ha-yr)

ANC (µeq/L) 35.8 48.4 64.0 83.9 104.5 125.2 9.7 16.9 24.9 34.5 44.7 54.9

Final Thoughts

 Continue monitoring, link acidic deposition, mercury and

climate change monitoring and modeling

 Link between atmospheric and watershed models  Better understanding of changes and effects of DOC

supply

 Improved understanding and predictions of biological

response to climate and chemical change

 Improved dialog between research and management

programs