Astroparticle Physics R-ECFA Meeting, Wissenschaftszentrum, Bonn, - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Astroparticle Physics R-ECFA Meeting, Wissenschaftszentrum, Bonn, May 9, 2014 Astroparticle Physics in Germany Astrophysics Cosmology Cosmic Rays Astro- High Energy Gamma Rays particle Ultra High Energy Neutrinos Physics Dark Matter Neutrino Mass Summary Particle Physics Christian Weinheimer – University of Münster Chair Committee for Astroparticle Physics in Germany KAT 1

APP in Germany: Universities • 28 universities with about Hamburg ´Bremen 90 professors, fully or partly devoted to Hannover HU Berlin APP Münster Fulda Potsdam Bielefeld Dortmund Bochum • Still growing field with new Wuppertal professorships, Dresden Köln Siegen e.g. recently at Erlangen, Bonn Aachen Frankfurt Jena Munich and Potsdam • Large fraction of Mainz Würzburg Young Investigator Darmstadt Heidelberg Erlangen Groups Karlsruhe TU München Tübingen Freiburg LU München 2

APP in Germany: Max Planck Institutes & Research Centers DESY, of the Helmholtz Hamburg Association DESY, Zeuthen MPI AEI Hannover MPI AEI Potsdam/Golm FZD Rossendorf MPIfR Bonn GSI Darmstadt MPIK Heidelberg KIT Karlsruhe MPIs München/Garching (MPA, MPE, MPP) 2 (4) Research Centers of the Helmholtz Associtiation • 4 (6) Max Planck Institutes • 3

Astroparticle Physics in Germany: Topics • Cosmic rays (Pierre Auger Observatory, ..) typically • High energy gamma rays European roadmap large area (H.E.S.S., MAGIC, CTA) ground-based process • Ultra-high energy neutrinos telescopes (IceCube, ANTARES, KM3NeT) • Low energy neutrinos (BOREXINO, JUNO) typically • Neutrino Mass in underground (ECHo, GERDA, KATRIN, … ) laboratories to • Direct dark matter search shield cosmic rays (CRESST, EDELWEISS, Recommendations EURECA, XENON, DARWIN) of the Comittee • Nuclear Astrophysics for Astroparticle • Gravitational waves Physics KAT • and theory in all these topics ... 4

Astroparticle Physics in Germany: Topics • Cosmic rays (Pierre Auger Observatory, ..) typically • High energy gamma rays European roadmap large area (H.E.S.S., MAGIC, CTA) ground-based process • Ultra-high energy neutrinos telescopes (IceCube, ANTARES, KM3NeT) • Low energy neutrinos see S. Schönert's talk (BOREXINO, JUNO) typically • Neutrino Mass see S. Schönert's talk in underground (ECHo, GERDA, KATRIN, … ) laboratories to • Direct dark matter search shield cosmic rays (CRESST, EDELWEISS, Recommendations EURECA, XENON, DARWIN) of the Comittee • Nuclear Astrophysics for Astroparticle • Gravitational waves Physics KAT • and theory in all these topics ... 5

Astroparticle Physics in Germany: Topics • Cosmic rays (Pierre Auger Observatory, ..) typically • High energy gamma rays European roadmap large area (H.E.S.S., MAGIC, CTA) ground-based process • Ultra-high energy neutrinos telescopes (IceCube, ANTARES, KM3NeT) • Low energy neutrinos (BOREXINO, JUNO) typically • Neutrino Mass in underground (ECHo, GERDA, KATRIN, … ) laboratories to • Direct dark matter search shield cosmic rays (CRESST, EDELWEISS, Recommendations EURECA, XENON, DARWIN) of the Comittee Germany is involved • Nuclear Astrophysics for Astroparticle in all major topics • Gravitational waves Physics KAT of Astroparticle Physics • and theory in all these topics ... in a (co-)leading role 6

Cosmic accelerator e.g. active galactic nucleus AGN Source W. Hofmann/MPIK

Germany: Aachen, Hamburg, Karlsruhe, Siegen, Wuppertal Karl-Heinz Kampert – Pierre Auger Collaboration 8

Auger: some key results Karl-Heinz Kampert – Pierre Auger Collaboration 9

Plans for the Auger upgrade Karl-Heinz Kampert – Pierre Auger Collaboration 10

Other cosmic ray projects AMS II on ISS TUNKA JEM-EUSO Karl-Heinz Kampert 11

High Energy Gamma Rays: H.E.S.S., MAGIC H.E.S.S.: galaktic plane in TeV gamma emission !öklökjkjöu → many new TeV gamma source discovered Source: H.E.S.S. Collaboration, arXiv:0907.0768

H.E.S.S. II adding a new very large telescope H.E.S.S. II: 28m diameter mirror Cherenkov telescope coincident observation Source: Christian Stegmann, H.E.S.S. Collaboration

The world future of TeV gamma astronomy: CTA H.E.S.S. sources → gamma astronomy CTA prototype

Cherenkov Telescope Array CTA Cherenkov Telescope Array CTA CTA is on the Research Infrastructure Roadmap of the German ministery BMBF ! German groups in CTA: Universität Hamburg Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron Humboldt University Berlin Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik TU Dortmund University Max-Planck-Institut für Physik Ruhr-Universität Bochum Universität Würzburg Universität Potsdam Universität Heidelberg Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Universität Tübingen

Cherenkov Telescope Array CTA Werner Hofmann - CTA It is more like an observatory not an experiment For the first time in this field: open access !

Ultra-high energy neutrinos at the south pole Elisa Resconi - IceCube

Elisa Resconi - IceCube

Elisa Resconi - IceCube DecaCube

, phased approach German groups: ANTARES: Erlangen KM3NeT: Erlangen, Tübingen, Würzburg Uli Katz – ANTARES, KM3NeT 20

Understanding the dark universe and the foundations of particle physics 21

Direct search for dark matter: cryogenic bolometers Klaus Eitel – EDELWEISS, EURECA

German Groups in EURECA: Karlsruhe (KIT), TU Munich,Tübingen, Max Planck Institute for Physics Klaus Eitel – EDELWEISS, EURECA

Klaus Eitel – EDELWEISS, EURECA

Dark matter seach: liquid noble gas detectors XENON100 @ LNGS LNGS: 1.4km rock overburden (3700 mwe) ) passive shield: H 2 0, lead, polyethylene, copper 62 kg active dual phase Xenon target German groups in XENON100/XENON1T: Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg University of Mainz, University of Münster E. Aprile et al., Astropart. Phys. 35 (2012) 573

XENON100: recent limits from direct WIMP searches E. Aprile et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 109 (2012) 181301 E. Aprile et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 111 (2013) 021301

XENON1T at LNGS • 100 times more sensitive than XENON100 -> world leading dark matter experiment • 1 m drift TPC with 2.4 ton (1 ton fiducial) LXe • 10 m water shield as Cherenkov Muon Veto • 100 x less background than XENON100 • Approved by INFN for installation at LNGS October 2013 • Fully funded • construction is fully running in LNGS Hall B • Science Data projected to start in 2015 • Sensitivity: 2 x 10 -47 cm 2 after 2 years of data Far future: DARWIN (mainly European-initialized experiment): Dark Matter experiment down to the ultimate limit (10 -49 cm 2 limited by solar and atmosph. neutrinos)

Direct neutrino mass determination: the KATRIN experiment m( ν e ) sensitivity: 200 meV detector main spectrometer 70 m KATRIN Design Report Scientific Report FZKA 7090) pre tritium spectro- retention windowless gaseous meter 1 system 0 molecular tritium source m German groups in KATRIN: Karlsruhe KIT, Bonn, Fulda, Mainz, MPIK Heidelberg, Münster, Wuppertal

KATRIN: commissioning of spectrometer & detector Timeline: 2014/2015: finish source & transport section 2016: start tritium data taking The KATRIN 148-pixel detector is smiling when being hit by electrons from 11 subsequent positions of the scanning photoelectron source

Conclusions • Astroparticle physics is a very lively and growing field in Germany • Strong scientific and methodic links to particle and nuclear physics, particularly to non-accelerator particle physics • German groups are in (co-)leading roles in all major topics of astroparticle physics • More diverse field than particle physics, not located around one huge facility like CERN → some problems in funding • Community building: Helmholtz Alliance for Astroparticle Physics HAP • Future projects (see also talk by S. Schönert): - cosmic rays: Auger upgrade - high energy gamma rays: CTA (major German APP project in the future) - ultra-high energy neutrinos: PINGU? (mass hierarchy), DecaCube?, KM3NeT? - dark matter: XENON1T, EURECA (with SuperCDMS?) - neutrino properties: GERDA phase II, KATRIN (both funded, starting soon) • Funding: federal ministery BMBF (Verbundforschung: 18 MEuro for 2011-2014, 2014-2017?), Helmholtz Association, Max Planck Society MPG, German Science Foundation DFG, various universities (state budget) 30