Astroparticle Physics with a Generation-3 Liquid Xenon Detector - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Astroparticle Physics with a Generation-3 Liquid Xenon Detector Rafael F. Lang Purdue University rafael@purdue.edu TAUP 2019

Rafael F. Lang: Astroparticle Physics with a Generation-3 Dark Matter Detector 3

Coherent Elastic Scattering For both WIMPs & solar/supernova ν: → interact with entire nucleus: Recoil degenerate in transferred momentum → for some parameter space WIMPs and neutrinos indistinguishable: “neutrino floor”

(not really a floor)

Rafael F. Lang: Astroparticle Physics with a Generation-3 Dark Matter Detector 4

Best limits all from LXe experiments Priors include Z-mediation through a box, Z’- or Higgs- mediation, Z-mediation at 10-10 abundance WIMP Detection Status (simplified)

1 10 100 1000 10-42 10-43 10-44 10-45 10-46 10-47 10-48 10-49 10-50 3 30 300 3000 WIMP Mass in GeV/c2 Scattering Cross Section in cm2 ruled out see Blanco+ 1907.05893 Ellis,Ferstl&Olive hep-ph/0001005

Rafael F. Lang: Astroparticle Physics with a Generation-3 Dark Matter Detector 5

Start next year to probe another 2 orders of magnitude Strong Program Going Forward

1 10 100 1000 10-42 10-43 10-44 10-45 10-46 10-47 10-48 10-49 10-50 3 30 300 3000 WIMP Mass in GeV/c2 Scattering Cross Section in cm2 ruled out Ellis,Ferstl&Olive hep-ph/0001005

Rafael F. Lang: Astroparticle Physics with a Generation-3 Dark Matter Detector 6 Coherent Neutrino Signal

8B

atm 1 10 100 1000 10-42 10-43 10-44 10-45 10-46 10-47 10-48 10-49 10-50 3 30 300 3000 WIMP Mass in GeV/c2 Scattering Cross Section in cm2 ruled out

Simple scattering kinematics: degenerate in momentum Heavy WIMP, v~10-3c Coherent Neutrino- Nucleus Scattering: light n, v~c Dark Matter and CEnNS

Billard, Strigari, Figueroa-Feliciano 1307.5458

Rafael F. Lang: Astroparticle Physics with a Generation-3 Dark Matter Detector 7 1 10 100 1000 10-42 10-43 10-44 10-45 10-46 10-47 10-48 10-49 10-50 3 30 300 3000 WIMP Mass in GeV/c2 Coherent Neutrino Signal Scattering Cross Section in cm2 x1000 ruled out

8B

atm x10

Current program leaves a WIMP gap Neutrino Floor is far, far away

Rafael F. Lang: Astroparticle Physics with a Generation-3 Dark Matter Detector 8 1 10 100 1000 10-42 10-43 10-44 10-45 10-46 10-47 10-48 10-49 10-50 3 30 300 3000 WIMP Mass in GeV/c2 Coherent Neutrino Signal Scattering Cross Section in cm2 x1000 ruled out

8B

atm x10

Current program leaves a WIMP gap Atmospheric neutrinos require generation-3 experiment Neutrino Floor is far, far away

Rafael F. Lang: Astroparticle Physics with a Generation-3 Dark Matter Detector 9

Generation-3 Goal: probe WIMPs down to the atmn floor need to measure atmospheric n CEnNS Scale-up LXe TPC technology Start after LZ & XENONnT, ~2026 8M€ R&D funding, on roadmaps, collaborations and expressions

• f interest, whitepaper in prep

DARWIN 1606.07001

Rafael F. Lang: Astroparticle Physics with a Generation-3 Dark Matter Detector 10

Xe: Spin-Dependent Sensitivity PICO is better for proton coupling Half of Xe isotopes carry spin! In general, Xe is great EFT target

XENON 1902.03234

Rafael F. Lang: Astroparticle Physics with a Generation-3 Dark Matter Detector 11

Many other interesting channels Axion-Like Particles: Dark Photons: Sub-GeV WIMPs: Leptophilic models:

LUX 1704.02297 XENON 1907.11485 An+ 1412.8378

Rafael F. Lang: Astroparticle Physics with a Generation-3 Dark Matter Detector 12

Probe Dark Matter Flux Beyond Planck Mass Kinematics only depend on reduced mass Become flux limited only at → Generation-3 experiment probes beyond Planck-scale, using dedicated multi-scatter search Still need to work out exact interpretation of results

Bramante, Broerman, Rafael & Raj 1803.08044; also 1812.09325 Digman, Cappiello, Beacom, Hirata & Peter 1907.10618

Rafael F. Lang: Astroparticle Physics with a Generation-3 Dark Matter Detector 14

Elastic pp solar neutrino scattering Also measure to a few percent

Generation-3 MeV Cerdeno+ 1604.01025 DARWIN 1606.07001 Ikeda/Super-K Neutrino2018

Rafael F. Lang: Astroparticle Physics with a Generation-3 Dark Matter Detector 15

Solar 8B CEnNS ~2023 Here: simulation of 1000 days LZ electronic recoil background dark matter nuclear recoils ~36 8B solar neutrino nuclear recoils

LZ/Dobson UCLA 2018

Rafael F. Lang: Astroparticle Physics with a Generation-3 Dark Matter Detector 16

Solar Metallicity with 8B CEnNS Get 90 events/t/year above 1keVnr BOREXINO: 7% measurement using CC & spectral fit: Decisive measurement using generation-3 experiment

BOREXINO 2018 Haxton 1208.5723

Rafael F. Lang: Astroparticle Physics with a Generation-3 Dark Matter Detector 17

<100MeV Atmospheric Neutrino CEnNS

Newstead, Strigari&Rafael in prep. preliminary, 200t yr, using NEST

need >500 t years:

Rafael F. Lang: Astroparticle Physics with a Generation-3 Dark Matter Detector 18

Supernova Neutrino CEnNS flavor-independent: complementary measurement A A n n Z0 sensitivity beyond SMC

Rafael+ 1606.09243

Rafael F. Lang: Astroparticle Physics with a Generation-3 Dark Matter Detector 20 136Xe 0n2b with natXe Target

Abundance 8.9%: No (expensive) enrichment

DARWIN 1606.07001 T1/2 > 9×1027 yr (140t yr)

214Bi 137Xe 222Ra

2νββ

8B

Yanina Biondi, this conference expect update soon

Rafael F. Lang: Astroparticle Physics with a Generation-3 Dark Matter Detector 21

CNO Neutrinos in 60t Xenon

136Xe hurts, i.e.

use depleted target

signals backgrounds

CNO detection significance

Newstead, Strigari & Rafael 1807.07169

Rafael F. Lang: Astroparticle Physics with a Generation-3 Dark Matter Detector 22

[2/0]νECβ+ of 124Xe in natXe Abundance 0.1% Unique signature XENON1T should be sufficient to observe 2νECβ+ Relevant to search for 0νECβ+ as it’s competitive Brings new information on flavor violation

Alex Fieguth, this conference

Rafael F. Lang: Astroparticle Physics with a Generation-3 Dark Matter Detector 23

Physics with a Generation-3 LXe TPC

Dark Matter:

• spin-independent WIMPs
• spin-dependent WIMPs
• EFT couplings and inelastic WIMPs
• GeV and MeV WIMPs (“S2-only”)
• Planck mass dark matter
• Migdal & Bremsstrahlung searches
• Cosmic Ray Upscattered Dark Matter
• Annual modulation searches
• Magnetic Inelastic WIMPs
• inelastic scattering (129Xe)
• axial-vector coupling
• Leptophilic models
• Mirror & luminous DM
• Axion-like particles
• SuperWIMPs
• Dark photons

Neutrinos:

• solar pp neutrinos
• coherent neutrino-nucleus scattering
• 8B solar neutrinos
• Galactic supernovae
• neutrino oscillations
• sterile neutrinos
• neutrino magnetic moment
• CNO neutrinos
• 0nbb decay of 136Xe
• 2nbb decay of 136Xe
• ECEC on 124Xe
• ECβ+ on 124Xe

Plus:

• solar axions
• fractionally charged particles