CREDO: a citizen science initiative for astroparticle physics P - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Introduction and motivation Cosmic Ray Ensembles (CRE) CREDO app Other applications Summary CREDO: a citizen science initiative for astroparticle physics P´ eter Kov´ acs Wigner Research Centre for Physics kovacs.peter@wigner.mta.hu supported by: 7 September 2018 ELFT Summer School, M´ atrah´ aza Many slides were borrowed from Piotr Homola (with his permission)

Introduction and motivation Cosmic Ray Ensembles (CRE) CREDO app Other applications Summary Overview Introduction and motivation 1 Pierre Auger Observatory Cosmic Ray Ensembles (CRE) 2 CREDO app 3 Other applications 4 Earthquake prediction Summary 5

Introduction and motivation Cosmic Ray Ensembles (CRE) CREDO app Other applications Summary Cosmic rays, discovery P a r t i c l e s c o m i n g t o E a r t h f r o m S p a c e 1 9 1 2 . E l e c t r o s c o p e s d i s c h a r g e f a s t e r w i t h i n c r e a s i n g a l t i t u d e → r a y s o f e x t r a t e r r e s t r i a l o r i g i n : V . H e s s ( N o b e l p r i z e 1 9 3 6 ) . 1 9 3 2 . D i s c o v e r y o f a n t i m a t t e r ( p o s i t r o n ) : C . A n d e r s o n ( N o b e l p r i z e 1 9 3 6 ) . 1 9 3 7 . D i s c o v e r y o f m u o n s : S . N e d d e r m e y e r a n d C . A n d e r s o n → p a r t i c l e p h y s i c s b e g i n s . 1 9 3 8 . E x t e n s i v e a i r s h o w e r s ( E A S ) → E > 1 0 1 5 e V : P . A u g e r 2 0 1 9 6 2 . F i r s t E A S a t 1 0 e V : J . L i n s l e y → w h a t a n d w h y c a n h a v e s o h u g e e n e r g i e s ? ? ? . . . . h i g h t i m e f o r a n e x t b r e a k t h r o u g h ?

Introduction and motivation Cosmic Ray Ensembles (CRE) CREDO app Other applications Summary Cosmic rays, flux vs. energy R a n g e s : e n e r g y : > 1 0 o r d e r s o f m a g n i t u d e fm u x : > 0 0 o r d e r s o f m a g n i t u d e → d i v e r s e p h y s i c s ( s o u r c e s ) → d i v e r s e d e t e c t i o n t e c h n i q u e s - 0 F l u x r a p i d l y d e c r e a s e s w i t h e n e r g y ( ~ 1 0 ) , H i g h e s t e n e r g i e s → t h e mo s t d e ma n d i n g c h a l l e n g e s : → t e c h n i c a l : e x t r e m e l y l o w fm u x ( a t E = 1 0 2 0 e V 2 1 p a r t i c l e / ( k m mi l l e n i u m) ) , b u t n o w : t h e P i e r r e A u g e r O b s e r v a t o r y ( ~ 0 0 0 0 k m 2 ) ( → 0 p a r t i c l e / y e a r ) → s c i e n t i f c : Wh a t a r e U l t r a - H i g h E n e r g y C o s mi c R a y s ( U H E C R ) ? Wh e r e t h e y c o me f r o m? H o w d o t h e y p r o p a g a t e ?

Introduction and motivation Cosmic Ray Ensembles (CRE) CREDO app Other applications Summary Pierre Auger Observatory State of the art detection by Pierre Auger Observatory

Introduction and motivation Cosmic Ray Ensembles (CRE) CREDO app Other applications Summary Pierre Auger Observatory Pierre Auger Observatory array from arXiv:1307.3956

Introduction and motivation Cosmic Ray Ensembles (CRE) CREDO app Other applications Summary Pierre Auger Observatory Pierre Auger Observatory spectrum from arXiv:1307.3956

Introduction and motivation Cosmic Ray Ensembles (CRE) CREDO app Other applications Summary Preshower effect contains typically 100 particles, created at around 1000 km a.s.l. However: super preshower (SPS), � 1000 particles at � 10000 km a.s.l.

Introduction and motivation Cosmic Ray Ensembles (CRE) CREDO app Other applications Summary Super preshower calculations → F i r s t c a l c u l a t i o n s : W. B e d n a r e k 1 9 9 9 γ U l o w e n e r g i e s n o t t r e a t e d : e x t e n t ~ t e n s o f k m H E 2 0 ( e . g . 1 0 e V ) → N . D h i t a l , 2 0 1 7 B S U N c o m p l e t e e n e r g y s p e c t r u m : e x t e n t S U N ~ t h o u s a n d s o f k m ] : E L A C S F O T 6 > 1 0 γ ? N U A T M O [ A T M O S P H E R E E A R T H N > 1 → o b s e r v a b l e ( l i n e e v e n 1 0 0 0 0 k m w i d e ) , n o t y e t t r i e d A T M

Introduction and motivation Cosmic Ray Ensembles (CRE) CREDO app Other applications Summary Cosmic Ray Ensembles a n y t h i n g + i n t e r a c t i o n p r i ma r y C o s mi c R a y ( p , F e , . . . ) N = 1 → N M > 1 A T M A T C o s mi c - R a y E n s e mb l e A T M O S P H E R E N = 1 N > 1 A T M A T M G R O U N D C H A N C E F O R A U N I Q U E S I G N A T U R E ! S T A T I S T I C S → S I G N A T U R E S R E Q U I R E S A G L O B A L R E S E A R C H ! : a c o s m i c - r a y d e t e c t o r

Introduction and motivation Cosmic Ray Ensembles (CRE) CREDO app Other applications Summary Possible CRE observation (1) Y e a r = 1 9 8 1 N = 3 2 o b s N = 1 e x p 1 5 E = 3 x 1 0 e V C o r r e l a t e d c o s m i c r a y s ? Δ t ~ 5 mi n . N > 1 ? A T M Δ x > = s ma l l

Introduction and motivation Cosmic Ray Ensembles (CRE) CREDO app Other applications Summary Possible CRE observation (2) Δ t ~ 2 0 s C o r r e l a t e d c o s m i c r a y s ? Y e a r = 1 9 7 5 N > 1 ? A T M E > 7 x 1 0 1 3 e V Δ x > = 2 5 0 k m

Introduction and motivation Cosmic Ray Ensembles (CRE) CREDO app Other applications Summary Cosmic Ray Ensemble’s untested scenario (1) γ U γ U γ U H E H E H E 2 0 ( e . g . 1 0 e V ) ( e . g . 1 0 2 0 e V ) ( e . g . 1 0 2 0 e V ) ? ? ? Δ x < E a r t h s i z e Δ x : ~ f e w k m Δ x > E a r t h s i z e A T M O S P H E R E A T M O S P H E R E A T M O S P H E R E E A R T H E A R T H E A R T H o b v i o u s „ i n b e t w e e n ” o b v i o u s d e t e c t i o n ( u n c h e c k e d ) u n d e t e c t i o n

Introduction and motivation Cosmic Ray Ensembles (CRE) CREDO app Other applications Summary Cosmic Ray Ensemble’s untested scenario (2) There is no wordwide dedicated CR detector array yet   � Let’s use what we have + add some new ones   � Existing detectors (observatories, educational detectors, single detectors) + GPS synchronized array of smartphones   � Covered cameras – to filter small energy photons – of smartphones can act as cosmic particle detectors → Software development for Android platform at IFJ PAN ֒ (Poland, 2016)

Introduction and motivation Cosmic Ray Ensembles (CRE) CREDO app Other applications Summary Lunch of the application (end of beta test), 2018 May

Introduction and motivation Cosmic Ray Ensembles (CRE) CREDO app Other applications Summary CREDO network C o s m i c - R a y E x t r e m e l y D i s t r i b u t e d O b s e r v a t o r y D A T A B A S E / I N T E R F A C E C e n t r a l d a t a b a s e / i n t e r f a c e : a c c e s s t o e v e r y t h i n g f o r e v e r y b o d y

Introduction and motivation Cosmic Ray Ensembles (CRE) CREDO app Other applications Summary Mainframe (AGH Univ., Krakow)

Introduction and motivation Cosmic Ray Ensembles (CRE) CREDO app Other applications Summary Usual camera snapshots U s e r : „ s m p h - k i t k a t ” , h t t p s : / / a p i . c r e d o . s c i e n c e / w e b / u s e r / s m p h - k i t k a t / D e v i c e : S m a s u n g S M - G 3 5 7 F Z , A n d r o i d 4 . 4 . 4 ( K i t K a t ) A v e r a g e d e t e c t i o n r a t e : ~ 1 0 / h r ( fm i g h t t o K yj i v o n 9 . 0 0 5 : 6 0 / h r : )i E x a m p l e i m a g e s : 2 3