Agriculture in China and Cooperative Prospect with Pakistan Prof. Li - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

• Prof. Li Huishang

Agricultural Information Institute/Center for International Agricultural Research Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Karachi, 2 March 2019

Agriculture in China and Cooperative Prospect with Pakistan

Outline

Agricultural Development and Scientific Achievements in China

1

China-Pakistan Agricultural Cooperation Opportunities Under CPEC

2

Perspectives for China-Pakistan Agricultural Cooperation

3

1）Agriculture Transformation——a brief review of 40 years’ progress 2）Agricultural Technology Progress and Innovation

1、Agricultural Development and Scientific Achievements in China

 Achieving self-sufficiency of grains，using less than 10% of world’s arable land to feed nearly 20%

• f world’s population.

 Poverty ratio reduced from 97.5% to 3.1% in the rural area, lifting 740 million out of poverty, accounting for 70% of poverty population reduced in the world.  Ending hunger and improving nutrition, malnutrition population reduced 15.2 percentage point 1990-2017, accounting for 75% of undernourished population reduced in the world.

China’s Transformation in the Global Scope 1978-2017

Rural Reform Experience in China

1992

Establishing the market system for agro-products

2015

Further institutional reform in agriculture and rural areas

2018

Rural revitalization strategy

1978

Household contract responsibility system

 Output value of primary industry rises to $948.8 billion in 2017.  Primary Industry takes up 7.9% of GDP in 2017 compared with 28.2% in 1978.

Agricultural Output Value in China 1978-2017

SOURCE: National Bureau of Statistics of China

02 01

Per capita net income of rural households climbs to $2167.9 in 2018. Engel Coefficient of urban and rural households have been both declining to 30% and under.

Net Income and Engel Coefficient of Rural Households 1978- 2017

SOURCE: National Bureau of Statistics of China

A consecutive growth

• f 13 years in total

grain production since 2004, reaching a historical high at 661.6 million tons in 2017. Yield per ha. reached at 5,621 kg in 2018, more than doubled compared with the figure in 1978.

Grain Production in China 1978-2017

SOURCE: National Bureau of Statistics of China

 Production of meat, milk and poultry eggs rises substantially in the past decades.  In 2017, the figures are 86.5, 31.5 and 31.0 m tons, respectively. Particularly, meat production is over 8 times as much as that in 1979.

Livestock Production in China 1979-2017

SOURCE: National Bureau of Statistics of China

 The planting area of fruits steadily increased from 1.7 m to 11.1 m hectares from 1978- 2017 and that of vegetables increased from 3.3 m to 20.0 m hectares.  The production of fruit climbed to 252.4 m tons in 2017 and that of vegetables increased to 797.8 m tons in 2016. The period of 2002 to 2012 witnesses a sharp rise.

Fruits & Vegetables Production in China 1978-2017

SOURCE: National Bureau of Statistics of China

Driving Factors

National strategy and policy support Market-oriented institutional reform Improved infrastructure and increase agricultural inputs Progress in agricultural science and technology

A B C D

2）Agricultural Technology Progress and Innovation in China

Primitive

Slash-and-burn cultivation with primitive production tools

Traditional

Farming with human power and animal power

Bio-chemical

High input, high yield, extensive use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides

Modern

Biotechnology, ICT, smart equipment, resource efficiency

Traditional The history of agricultural development is a history of agricultural technology progress and innovation

 The contribution rate of technology progress to agricultural growth reached 57.5% in 2018.  Domestic crop varieties are grown on 95% of crop fields in China.  Mechanization level for tillage, sowing and harvesting of major crops reached 67% in 2017.

2018

27%

2011 1979

52% 57.5%

Agricultural Technology Progress and Innovation in China

Technology is the key to green and high quality development in agriculture.

Crop Biotechnology and Breeding

14.1 Ton/Ha (2011), Water saving 30%

 Extension area: 6 million ha. in China and 2.1 million ha.

• verseas.

 65 inbred and hybrid varieties released in 17 African and Asian countries, including 12 varieties in Pakistan.  Nature: Genomic variation in 3,010 diverse accessions

• f Asian cultivated

rice.

Green Supper Rice (GSR)

Crop Biotechnology and Breeding

Novel wheat germplasm created through distant hybridization with Agropyron Cristatum

Wheat-Agropyron Cristatum derivated lines Novel wheat germplasm features big spikes, multiple seeds and heavier thousand grain weight

Crop Biotechnology and Breeding

 Over 300 transgenic insect- resistant cotton varieties released and adopted by farmers in China.  Accumulative extension area 45 million ha., planted in 95% of cotton fields in China.  Zhongmian 41, first Bt and CpTI transgenic cotton in China.  Zhongmian 44 at the demonstration station in Kyrgyzstan yields 60% higher than local varieties.

High yield & environmental friendly Pesticide application reduced 100, 000 tons

Transgenic Insect-resistant Cotton

Trichogramma

Green Plant Protection

 ICT and big data technologies are widely applied in pest and disease control programs, establishing platforms for real time monitoring, remote diagnosis, early warning and rapid response.  Technology breakthrough in plant innate immune response reduction and RNA interference.  Integration of biological, physical and chemical measures in green plant protection.

Trichogramma

Used as a biological agent to control pests that damage rice, maize and other crops

ATaiLing 阿泰灵

The first biological protein pesticides, works as a vaccine for plant

Integrated Pest Management

Combining biological control, physical control and agricultural control

Green Technologies and Products

Trichogramma

Animal Disease Prevention and Control

 Animal vaccines effectively controlled PRRS, Avian Influenza, and Newcastle Disease in China and

• verseas.

 New immuno-adjuvants technologies increased the efficacy of vaccines by 10 folds.  Rapid and high-throughput pathogen detection, monitoring and diagnosis technologies are widely applied.

*

The bivalent H5/H7 inactivated vaccines developed by the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences have stopped the prevalence of highly pathogenic H7N9 viruses among poultry, also cut off its transmission to human.

Vaccines Research & Development

Internet of Things

Smart Agriculture

Information Acquisition Big Data Platform Smart Orchard Precision Agriculture Intelligent Management of Veterinary Drugs

Smart agriculture is the smart management of the agricultural system to increase food production in an environment-friendly way.

• 2. Agricultural Cooperation Opportunities Under CPEC

21

China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC)

China-Pakistan Economic Corridor is a framework of regional connectivity.

CPEC Vision & Mission

• Integrated Transport & IT systems including Road, Rail,

Port, Air and Data Communication Channels

• Energy cooperation
• Spatial layout, functional zones, industries and industrial

parks

• Agricultural development & poverty alleviation
• Tourism cooperation & people to people communication
• Cooperation in livelihood areas
• Financial cooperation
• Human Resource Development

CPEC as a Signature Project of the Belt and Road Initiative

The 21st century marine silk road The silk road economic belt China-Pakistan Economic Corridor

B&R aims to improve ‘five connectivity’ Pakistan is the only ‘All-weather Strategic Cooperative Partner’ with China

23

The Long Term Plan for CPEC (2017-2030)

• Upgrading agricultural infrastructure
• Water-saving modern agricultural

zones

• Drip irrigation technology
• Crop farming, livestock breeding,

forestry, food growing, aquatic and fishery

• Post-harvest handling, storage and

transportation and marketing and sales of agricultural products

• Water resources management for

pastoral areas and desert, application of remote sensing technology

• Production and support services for

pesticides, fertilizer, machinery

Priorities in Agricultural Development and Poverty Alleviation

Advanced agricultural researches and development system to strengthen production abilities Complete agricultural education and extension systems Good foundation for rice production and animal products Continuous improvement of the agricultural production system High demand for agro- products of prime quality brought by the improvement

• f people's living standards

Abundant land and labor resources

China-Pakistan Comparative Advantages for Agricultural Cooperation

Cotton Biotechnology and

Breeding Innovation

 Cotton germplasm resources exchange between CAAS and University of Agriculture and Ayub Agricultural Research Institute in Faisalabad  China-Pakistan Cotton Biotechnology Joint Laboratory between CAAS, UAM and BZU.

Rice Hybrid Rice Research

 Sino-Pakistan Hybrid Rice Research Center between CAAS and Karachi University  9 GSR hybrid varieties developed by Chinese breeders adopted by farmers in Pakistan  Hybrid rice seed LP205 produced in Pakistan through joint research with China were exported to the Philippines (100 tons)

Animal Disease Prevention

and Control

 China-Pakistan Technical Cooperation Memorandum of Intention on Animal Epidemic Disease Prevention and Control between CAAS and Pakistan Agricultural Research Council (2018)  MOU between CAAS and University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan

Current China-Pakistan Cooperation in Agricultural Sciences

• 3. Perspectives for China-Pakistan Agricultural

Cooperation

Implementing the CPEC Long Term Plan 2017- 2030

Joint research labs and platforms Information sharing and technology transfer Technical Training and PhD programs

Three Pillars to Boost China-Pakistan Agricultural Cooperation

More joint research labs and platforms are needed in the following areas:

Biotechnology and molecular breeding

Hybrid rice, drought resistant wheat and maize and pest resistant cotton

Disease Prevention and Control

Animal vaccines, green plant protection technologies

Food Technology

Food processing and storage technology, nutritional composition analysis techniques

Information Engineering

Agricultural internet of things, agricultural remote sensing technology, smart machinery

Lack of fine crop seeds remains a serious challenge for Pakistan. Seed production technologies for rice, wheat, cotton, vegetables and melons are in dire need in order to reduce its dependence on foreign market. Pakistan is one of the most water resource scarce countries in the world. It is important to establish the water- saving farming system and adopt water-saving machinery in agricultural production. Pakistan is the fourth biggest milk producers in the world. Technologies that help improve efficiency and reduce cost of the cattle farms and dairy processing industry will help the country boost its export. Post-harvest loss for fruit and vegetables is quite huge in Pakistan. Food packaging, cold treatment technologies and logistics facilities will help reduce loss and thus improve the nutritional status of its people.

Agricultural Technology Transfer to Address Key Challenges in Pakistan

Center for International Agricultural Research (CIAR) of CAAS Brief Introduction

• In order to integrate its scientific

and technological resources for trans-sectional cooperation and interdisciplinary research and innovation, CAAS established the Center for International Agricultural Research (CIAR) in January 2016.

• The Center is committed to

becoming a hub for agricultural international cooperation, a think tank for agricultural economic policies, a database for overseas information service and a pool of international agricultural talents.

Center for International Agricultural Research (CIAR) of CAAS

MOARA Joint Ministerial Meeting CAAS CIAR

International Biological Resources International Grain Crops International Cash Crops International Horticulture Crops International Plant Protection International Animal Husbandry International Resources and Environment

International Agro- Machinery and Equipment

International Agro-Standards International Agro- Economy and Policy International Agro- Strategic Information International Agro- Technology Training Base for Overseas Talents

International Agricultural Technology Integration Platform Platform 17 Divisions

Transboundary Animal Disease Control International Agro- Product Processing International Agro-Big Data

Director General Administration Steering Committee General Office AII

Management Committee Expert Committee B&R Group Latin American and the Caribbean Group African Group Big Data Group

Organizational Structure

 Integrate resources for international collaboration and available technology  Promote the cross-border flows

• f

innovation elements  Boost the export of technological products, machinery and equipment, and service  Optimizes disciplinary programs and structures  Build a pool of agricultural talents  Set up a collaboration platform for agricultural professionals

Human Resources Development Agricultural Science and Technology "Going Global"

 Organized in a cross-sector and interdisciplinary pattern in the designing of major research topics  Positioned to jointly make technological breakthrough  Address to major challenges in agriculture.

International Agricultural Research

 Create the International Agricultural Data Investigation and Analysis System  Provide consultancy service for agribusiness in their

• verseas
• perations.

International Agricultural Information Service National Agricultural S&T Coordination

 National Network for Agricultural International Cooperation  China Association for the Promotion of International Agricultural Cooperation  Global Alliance for Agricultural Big Data and Information Services

Center for International Agricultural Research (CIAR) of CAAS Major Tasks

19 kinds of agro-products are included such crops, meat, milk and tomato and so on; more than 30 countries and areas are included such as main producing countries, consumping contries and trade countries.

Study on the International Agro-products Market Center for International Agricultural Research (CIAR) of CAAS

Study on the International Agro-products Market Center for International Agricultural Research (CIAR) of CAAS

 Overseas Agriculture Observation  Agricultural Science Frontiers and Policy Consultation  Influence of Brexit on Chinese Agriculture  Analysis and Suggestions of the Fall of Farmland Prices in the United States  More than 20 Consultation Reports for the government e.g. China and Latin-America Agricultural cooperation, Southeast Asian Food Cooperation Development Plan Monthly Report Special Report Annual Report Consultation Report

Overseas Agriculture Think-tank Products Center for International Agricultural Research (CIAR) of CAAS

 Agricultural Investment Report for B&R Countries, 2015 Research Frontiers, China Agricultural Outlook

 October, 2019  Beijing, China

International Agricultural Research Conference Center for International Agricultural Research (CIAR) of CAAS

Theme: Women's Empowerment, E-commerce Development and Poverty Alleviation

Women's Empowerment, E-commerce Development and Poverty Alleviation Training and Workshop

July 22-27, 2019; Beijing, China

Experts from APEC and CICA economies and International Organizations (IFPRI, IFAD, FAO,etc.)

Young researchers, local government

• fficials, agro-enterpreneurs from

APEC and CICA Economies and other economies

CIAR, CAAS

CIAR as a training base for overseas talents and a platform for agricultural technology transfer

Training Working Shops

International Students Programma Food Security Development Strategy Agricultural Technology Transfer Joint Agricultural Science & Technology Projects

Thank you!

E-mail：lihuishang@caas.cn Address：No. 12 Zhongguancun South Road, Beijing, China(100081)