Advanced Fuel Cycles and Long-Term Storage of Spent Fuel Research - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Advanced Fuel Cycles and Long-Term Storage of Spent Fuel Research - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Jan 29, 2024 584 likes •753 views

Advanced Fuel Cycles and Long-Term Storage of Spent Fuel Research and Development Dr. John W. Herczeg Associate Deputy Assistant Secretary Fuel Cycle Technologies Office of Nuclear Energy U.S. Department of Energy Nuclear Regulatory

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Advanced Fuel Cycles and Long-Term Storage

  • f Spent Fuel

Research and Development

  • Dr. John W. Herczeg

Associate Deputy Assistant Secretary Fuel Cycle Technologies Office of Nuclear Energy U.S. Department of Energy

Nuclear Regulatory Commission April 22, 2013

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Outline

  • Overview – Office of Fuel Cycle Technologies Areas
  • Fuels
  • Separations
  • Proliferation Risk
  • Fuel Cycle Options – “Systems Analysis”
  • Used Fuel Disposition
  • Nuclear Fuel Storage & Transportation
  • R&D: Near Term and Longer Term
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Assistant Secretary for Nuclear Energy Principal Deputy Assistant Secretary Nuclear Energy Advisory Committee Senior Advisors

NE-1/2 Office of Uranium Management and Policy NE-54

Deputy Assistant Secretary for Fuel Cycle Technologies

NE-5 Office of Systems Engineering & Integration Office of Fuel Cycle Research & Development NE-52 Office of Used Nuclear Fuel Disposition Research & Development

Deputy Assistant Secretary for International Nuclear Energy Policy and Cooperation

NE-6 Office of International Nuclear Energy Policy NE-61 Office of International Nuclear Fuel Management NE-62

Deputy Assistant Secretary for Nuclear Facility Operations

Idaho Operations Office NE-3 Office of Innovative Nuclear Research NE-42 Office of Facilities Management NE-31 Office of Human Capital & Business Services NE-21 Office of Budget & Planning NE-22 Office of Space & Defense Power Systems NE-75

Deputy Assistant Secretary for Nuclear Reactor Technologies

NE-7 Office of Advanced Modeling & Simulation NE-41 Office of Light Water Reactor Technologies NE-72 Office of Advanced Reactor Technologies NE-74

Deputy Assistant Secretary for Science and Technology Innovation

NE-4

Chief Operating Officer

Office of Nuclear Energy

NE-51 NE-53 Planning Project

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Science-Based Approach to Nuclear Energy Development

  • Experiments – Physical tests to develop

understanding of single effects or integrated system behaviors.

  • Theory – Creation of models of physical

behaviors based on understanding of fundamental scientific principals and/or experimental observations.

  • Modeling and Simulation – Use of

computational models to develop scientific understanding of the physical behaviors of systems. Also used to apply scientific understanding to predict the behavior of complex physical systems.

  • Demonstrations – New technologies,

regulatory frameworks, and business models integrated into first-of-kind system demonstrations that provide top-level validation of integrated system technical and financial performance.

Engineering-Scale Demonstration

Modeling & Simulation Experiments Theory

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Next generation LWR fuels with enhanced performance and safety and reduced waste generation Metallic transmutation fuels with enhanced proliferation resistance and resource utilization Crosscutting Capability Development supporting the Science-based Approach to Fuels RD&D

  • Advanced characterization and PIE techniques
  • Advanced in-pile instrumentation
  • Irradiation testing (steady-state & transient)
  • Fuel performance modeling
  • Analytic techniques

Advanced Fuels

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Separations R&D

Objective: Develop advanced fuel cycle separations and waste management technologies that improve current fuel cycle performance and enable a sustainable fuel cycle with:

  • Minimal processing, waste generation and potential for material diversion

Strategy:  Long-term science based-based, engineering driven  Economical deployment

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Separations R&D

  • Enabling technology for TRU recycle options from LWR fuel
  • Develop cost effective technology ready for deployment

Minor Actinide Sigma Team (MA)

  • Enabling technology for any recycle option
  • Develop cost effective technology ready for deployment

Separation Process Alternatives (ASP)

  • Open disposal options with higher performance waste forms
  • Develop cost effective technology ready for deployment

Off-gas Sigma Team (OG)

  • Investigate alternative process options to determine if significant

cost or performance improvement can be realized

Uranium Extraction from Seawater (FR)

  • Develop and demonstrate deployable and sustainable technology

for fast reactor fuel reprocessing

  • Alt. Waste Forms and

Characterization (AWF, WFC)

  • Develop advanced methods to develop fundamental understanding
  • f separation methods, waste forms, and waste form performance-

develop predictive models based on fundamental data

Fundamental Science / Mod. & Simulation (FS&M, M&SS) Electrochemical Processing (DE, JFCS) Advanced Aqueous (AA)

  • Develop and demonstrate extractants and engineered systems with

double the capacity over current technology

  • Develop and demonstrate technologies applicable over a broad

range of aqueous separation methods

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Addressing Proliferation and Terrorism Risks - R&D Objectives

 Develop instruments capable of real- time measurement of group transuranics in advanced fuel cycle systems  Develop proliferation risk analyses applied to advanced fuel cycles and spent fuel storage  Safeguards and security by design:

  • Analyzing proliferation and terrorism risks

from the very earliest stages to maximize effectiveness and efficiency and minimize S&S costs

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Fuel Cycle Options - “Systems Analysis”

(technical evaluation of various fuel cycles within political, social, and economic constraints)

Objective:

Identify fuel cycles with benefits that are significant compared to current fuel cycle Waste Management Proliferation Risk Nuclear Materials Security Safety Economics Environmental Impact Resource Utilization Technology Risk Others -Institutional

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  • Conventional

production

  • Innovative

approaches

  • Safety enhanced

LWR fuel

  • Higher

performance

  • Evaluating

extended time frames

  • Transportation

after storage

  • Separations
  • Recycled fuel
  • Secondary

waste treatment

  • Alternative

geologies

  • Alternative

waste forms

Used Fuel Disposition

Consolidated Interim Storage is Key to our Strategy Near Term Needs Long Term Needs

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“Strategy for the Management and Disposal of Used Nuclear Fuel and High- Level Radioactive Waste”

 With the appropriate authorizations from Congress, the

Administration currently plans to implement a program:

  • Sites, designs and licenses, constructs and begins
  • perations of a pilot interim storage facility by 2021

with an initial focus on accepting used nuclear fuel from shut-down reactor sites;

  • Advances toward the siting and licensing of a larger

interim storage facility to be available by 2025 that will have sufficient capacity to provide flexibility in the waste management system and allows for acceptance of enough used nuclear fuel to reduce expected government liabilities; and

  • Makes demonstrable progress on the siting

and characterization of repository sites to facilitate the availability of a geologic repository by 2048.”

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Used Fuel Disposition R&D:

“Near Term Extended Storage of High Burn-up Fuel Project”

 FY 2014

  • R&D to support:
  • extended storage of used fuel
  • transportation of extended storage fuel : field testing to assess realistic

loadings during transport

  • R&D on alternative disposal environments:
  • modeling, evaluation and experiments
  • Salt Repository:
  • Implement field tests to advance salt repository:
  • science for disposal of heat-generating waste
  • Borehole research:
  • Undertake R &D as necessary to further the understanding of hydro-

geochemical, physical geology, structural geology and engineering properties

  • f deep crystalline rocks.
  • Continue evaluation of standardized containers for storage, transportation

and potentially disposal.

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DOE’s New Investment in Fuel Storage “High Burn-up Used Nuclear Fuel Dry Storage Project”

 Need:  General agreement among DOE, NRC and industry

to investigate extended storage of high burn-up fuel to support storage license extension and transport of high burn-up fuel.

 Goal:

  • 1. Benchmark predicative models and empirical

conclusions developed from short-term laboratory testing for aging of dry storage cask system components, and

  • 2. Build confidence in the ability to predict the

performance of these systems over extended time periods.

 Cost & Schedule: $15.8M over 5 years

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DOE’s New Investment in Fuel Storage “High Burn-up Used Nuclear Fuel Dry Storage Project”

 Involves:

  • Loading a commercial storage cask with high burn-

up fuel in a utility storage pool

  • Well understood fuel
  • Cask outfitted with additional instrumentation for

monitoring

  • Drying of the cask contents using prototypic process
  • Cask will be housed at the utility’s dry cask storage

site

  • Continuously monitored and externally inspected until

the first internal inspection at ~10 years

  • A second cask could be loaded ~5 years following

the first with a focus on additional scientific data on fuel behavior

 The issue of where the cask will be opened will be decided at a later date.

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 The EPRI Team consists of:  First task is the preparation of the Test Plan that will be shared with the Public

Contract Was Awarded to the EPRI Team

  • Surrey Plant
  • North Anna Plant

AREVA Federal Services AREVA Transnuclear AREVA Fuels