Advanc e d Ge ote c hnic al Me thods in E xplor ation (A- G a ME ) - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Ce nte r fo r Ac c e le ra ting I nno va tio n

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Advanc e d Ge ote c hnic al Me thods in E xplor ation (A- G aME

) T

• ols for

E nha nc e d, E ffe c tive Site Cha r a c te r iza tion

Ce nte r fo r Ac c e le ra ting Inno va tio n

What ar e the Advanc e d Ge ote c hnic al Me thods in E xplor ation?

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T he A-G aME is a to o lb o x o f unde rutilize d sub surfa c e e xplo ra tio n to o ls tha t will a ssist with:

• Asse ssing risk a nd va ria b ility in site

c ha ra c te riza tio n

• Optimizing sub surfa c e e xplo ra tio n pro g ra ms
• Ma ximizing re turn o n inve stme nt in pro je c t

de live ry

Ce nte r fo r Ac c e le ra ting Inno va tio n

Why do you ne e d to br ing your A- Ga ME ?

• Be c a use , in up to 50% o f ma jo r

infra struc ture pro je c ts, sc he dule o r c o sts will b e sig nific a ntly impa c te d b y g e o te c hnic a l issue s!!

• T

he ma jo rity o f the se issue s will b e dire c tly o r indire c tly re la te d to the sc o pe a nd q ua lity

• f sub surfa c e inve stig a tio n a nd site

c ha ra c te riza tio n wo rk.

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Ce nte r fo r Ac c e le ra ting Inno va tio n

Pr e se nte r s

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Silas Nichols Principal Bridge Engineer – Geotechnical FHWA HQ Derrick Dasenbrock Geomechanics/LRFD Engineer Minnesota DOT Ben Rivers Geotechnical Engineer FHWA RC

Ce nte r fo r Ac c e le ra ting Inno va tio n

What is “Every Day Counts”(EDC)?

State-based model to identify and rapidly deploy proven but underutilized innovations to:

shorten the project delivery process enhance roadway safety reduce congestion improve environmental sustainability

• EDC Rounds: two year cycles
• Initiating 5th Round (2019-2020) - 10 innovations
• To date: 4 Rounds, over 40 innovations

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FAST Act, Sec.1444 For more information: https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/innovation/

Ce nte r fo r Ac c e le ra ting Inno va tio n

Imple me ntation Planning T e am

Br ian Collins – F

HWA-WF L

De r r ic k Dase nbr

• c k – MNDOT

Mohamme d E lias – F

HWA-E F L

Vaughan Gr iffiths – Mine s Pe ggy Hagge r ty Duffy – ADSC Khamis Har amy – F

HWA-CF L

David Hor hota – F

L DOT

Jim Hussin – K

e lle r F

• unda tio ns

Mar y E lle n L ar ge – DF

I

Br ian L awr e nc e – F

HWA-ME Div.

E r ik L

• e hr– Univ. o f Misso uri

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Mic he lle Mann – NMDOT Mar c Mastr

• nar

di - GDOT Mike Mc Vay – Univ. o f F

lo rida

Silas Nic hols – F

HWA HQ

Mar y Nodine – GE

I Co nsulta nts

Bill Owe n – Ca ltra ns Kr ystle Pe lham – NHDOT Je ff Re id – Ha g e r-Ric hte r Be n Rive r s – F

HWA-RC

Br e nt Rose nblad – Univ. o f Misso uri Phil Sir le s – Olso n E

ng ine e ring

Pra c titio ne rs l Ge o te c hnic a l l Co nstruc tio n l De sig n l Risk l Ge o physic s l Site Va ria b ility l Pub lic a nd Priva te Se c to rs l I ndustry Re pre se nta tio n – ADSC, AE G, DF I , E E GS, GI a nd AASHT O COBS, COC, COMP

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Ce nte r fo r Ac c e le ra ting Inno va tio n

T

• pic s
• Ove rvie w o f T

he A-G aME

• Missio n
• Mo tiva tio n, Be ne fits
• Co ntra st Curre nt Pra c tic e a nd T

he A-G aME

• F

e a ture d T e c hno lo g ie s in T he A-G aME T

• o lb o x
• Sta te E

xpe rie nc e

• MNDOT

E xpe rie nc e , Applic a tio ns, Ca se -E xa mple s

• I

mple me nta tio n

• Visio n
• Disc ussio n
• Wha t yo u wa nt to se e
• Ho w to ma ximize va lue to yo u

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Ce nte r fo r Ac c e le ra ting Inno va tio n

Mission

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Mitig a te risks to pro je c t sc he dule a nd b udg e t, a nd impro ve re lia b ility b y

• ptimizing g e o te c hnic a l site

c ha ra c te riza tio n using pro ve n, e ffe c tive e xplo ra tio n me tho ds a nd pra c tic e s.

Ce nte r fo r Ac c e le ra ting Inno va tio n

Risk

10 Source: FHWA

Ce nte r fo r Ac c e le ra ting Inno va tio n

Risk

11 Source: Florida DOT Source: Florida DOT

Ce nte r fo r Ac c e le ra ting Inno va tio n

Be ne fits of Br inging Your A- G aME

Re duc e d Risk. Re duc ing unc e rta intie s in sub surfa c e

c o nditio ns mitig a te s de sig n a nd c o nstruc tio n risks.

Impr

• ve d Qua lity. I

mpro ving c o nfide nc e in the g e o te c hnic a l c ha ra c te riza tio n re duc e s unne c e ssa ry c o nse rva tism in de sig n a nd e sta b lishe s a mo re re lia b le b a sis fo r de sig n a nd c o nstruc tio n o f fo unda tio ns a nd o the r g e o te c hnic a l fe a ture s impa c ting the hig hwa y syste m.

Ac c e le r a te d Pr

• je c t De live r
• y. Sinc e a sig nific a nt numb e r o f

c o nstruc tio n de la ys c a n b e a ttrib ute d to ina de q ua te kno wle dg e o f sub surfa c e site c o nditio ns, we ll-sc o pe d inve stig a tio n pro g ra ms impro ve de c isio n-ma king a nd c o nstruc ta b ility, pro viding time a nd c o st sa ving s fo r tra nspo rta tio n a g e nc ie s.

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Ce nte r fo r Ac c e le ra ting Inno va tio n

Site Char ac te r ization – Cur r e nt Pr ac tic e

13 Source: Iowa DOT Source: FHWA

Ce nte r fo r Ac c e le ra ting Inno va tio n

Site Char ac te r ization – Cur r e nt Pr ac tic e

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Not To Equal Scale

Source: Iowa DOT

Ce nte r fo r Ac c e le ra ting Inno va tio n

Site Char ac te r ization – Cur r e nt Pr ac tic e

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Total Volume Tested or Sampled < 0.01% (typically) To Scale Boring/CPT Locations Borings: Typ. SPT every 5 feet; 18 inch of Sampling

Ce nte r fo r Ac c e le ra ting Inno va tio n

Miller Creek Resistivity North

T- 1 T- 2 T- 3 c0 4

Source: Minnesota DOT

Ce nte r fo r Ac c e le ra ting Inno va tio n

Miller Creek Resistivity North

T- 1 T- 2 T- 3 c0 4 Silty Soils Silty Soils sands sand & gravel Sand & gravel or possible utility all borings are

• ffset 3.5 m to the

west of the ERI line N Sand & gravel w/possible riprap sandy to silty

Source: Minnesota DOT

Ce nte r fo r Ac c e le ra ting Inno va tio n

Site Char ac te r ization – Br inging your A- GaME

18 Courtesy of Jeff Reid, Hager-Richter Assoc.

Ce nte r fo r Ac c e le ra ting Inno va tio n

Site Char ac te r ization – Br inging your A- GaME

Courtesy of Jeff Reid, Hager-Richter Assoc.

Ce nte r fo r Ac c e le ra ting Inno va tio n

Site Char ac te r ization – Br inging your A- GaME

20 Source: Florida DOT

• 6-Mile

Se c tio n

• 1-da y F

ie ld T e sting

• ½-da y

Pro c e ssing Co nfirm c o nditio ns Co nc e ntra te a dditio na l inve stig a tio n whe re mo st va lua b le

Soft Soils Likely

Ce nte r fo r Ac c e le ra ting Inno va tio n

Be ne fit of Upfr

• nt Inve stme nt in Site Inve stigation

21 Source: NCHRP Synthesis 484 - Influence of Geotechnical Investigation and Subsurface Conditions on Claims, Change Orders, and Overruns (After Figure 1)

Ce nte r fo r Ac c e le ra ting Inno va tio n

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MODOT Approa c h for Re la ting De sig n Re lia bility to Va ria bility. E xa mple Shown: T ip re sista nc e – sha fts in c la y

0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.70 0.80 0.90 1.00 Resistance Factor for End Bearing, ϕqp COV of Mean Undrained Shear Strength, COVsu Bridges on Minor Roads Bridges on Major Roads Major Bridges (<$100 million) Major Bridges (>$100 million)

Source: Missouri DOT

Ce nte r fo r Ac c e le ra ting Inno va tio n

Pr e liminar y Planning – Site Inve stigation

23 Courtesy of BGC Engineering and BC Hydro

Ce nte r fo r Ac c e le ra ting Inno va tio n

F e atur e d Ge ote c hnic al E xplor ation Me thods

Co ne Pe ne tra tio n T e st (CPT / SCPT ) E le c tric a l Me tho ds (E R, I P, SP) Me a sure me nt While Drilling (MWD) Se ismic Me tho ds (Re fra c tio n, Surfa c e Wa ve s, F WI , T

• mo g ra phy, Re fle c tio n)

Optic a l a nd Ac o ustic T e le vie we rs (OT V/ AT V)

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Ce nte r fo r Ac c e le ra ting Inno va tio n

Mainstr e am E ffe c tive Unde r utilize d Me thods

Cone Pe ne tr a tion T e sting (CPT u/ SCPT u)

• Mo re re lia b le

pa ra me te rs tha n fro m c o nve ntio na l SPT

• Sma ll stra ta c ha ng e s

e a sily disc e rna b le

• Po re -wa te r pre ssure

me a sure me nts

• She a r-wa ve

me a sure me nts with SCPT u

• 3-10 time s fa ste r tha n

c o nve ntio na l drilling

25 Source: FHWA

Ce nte r fo r Ac c e le ra ting Inno va tio n

Mainstr e am E ffe c tive Unde r utilize d Me thods

E le c tr ic a l Me thods (E R, IP, SP)

• Disc e rn c o ntra sting ma te ria ls a nd g ro undwa te r c o nditio ns
• ve r la rg e a re a s
• Cla y, Silts, Sa nds/ Gra ve l, Vo ids, Gro undwa te r, g e o lo g ic

fe a ture s

26 Source: FHWA-CFL

Ce nte r fo r Ac c e le ra ting Inno va tio n

Mainstr e am E ffe c tive Unde r utilize d Me thods

Me a sur e me nt While Dr illing (MWD)

• Co ntinuo us pro file
• Disc e rna b le

stra tig ra phic a nd ma te ria l c ha ng e s

• Ro c k o r So il
• Sta nda rdize d in

E uro pe I SO 22476-15

27 Source: FHWA

Ce nte r fo r Ac c e le ra ting Inno va tio n

Se ismic Me thods (Surfa c e Wa ve s, Re fra c tio n, F

WI , Do wnho le , Re fle c tio n)

• I

ndic a te s stra tig ra phic c ha ng e s a nd b o unda rie s o ve r la rg e a re a s

• L
• a d-displa c e me nt b e ha vio r
• Se ismic ha za rd susc e ptib ility

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Mainstr e am E ffe c tive Unde r utilize d Me thods

Courtesy of Jeff Reid, Hager-Richter Assoc.

Ce nte r fo r Ac c e le ra ting Inno va tio n

T e le vie we r s – Optic a l a nd Ac oustic

(OT V/ AT V)

• Hig h-re so lutio n, 360o, GI

S, spa tia lly

• rie nte d ro c k drillho le ima g e s
• Co ntinuo us
• I

n-pla c e ro c k struc ture a nd c o nditio n

• E

limina te s diffic ult o rie nte d c o ring

• I

nde pe nde nt o f c o re q ua lity

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Mainstr e am E ffe c tive Unde r utilize d Me thods

Courtesy of Jeff Reid, Hager-Richter Assoc.

Ce nte r fo r Ac c e le ra ting Inno va tio n

… So, Ge t Your A- GaME On and Conside r the UNDE RGROUND ROC 3KE D!

T his to o lb o x will a ssist yo u with:

Re duc ing Risks, Unc e rta intie s a nd Unkno wns Optimizing Cha ra c te riza tio n E nha nc ing De sig n Re lia b ility a nd De c isio ns K no c king -Out Ge o -Co nstruc tio n De la ys a nd Co st E sc a la tio ns

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Advanced Geotechnical Methods in Exploration: Enhanced, Effective, Site Characterization

Derrick Dasenbrock, P.E., F. ASCE Geomechanics/LRFD Engineer Minnesota DOT Office of Materials and Road Research

Highlights of how MnDOT adds project value through high quality site characterization: Geophysical methods and CPT

MnDOT Geotechnical Section

• Subsurface Investigation
• In-Situ/Lab Testing
• Geotechnical Design/Analysis
• Geotechnical Data Reports and

Design Recommendations

• Construction Assistance/Verification
• Standards + Specifications
• Performance Monitoring
• Geo-technology & Innovation

Implementation

Geotechnical Design Purpose

• Life Cycle Performance



Meet the design requirements

 Strength +Serviceability  Settlement + Deformation/stability  Reliability and extreme events

• Typical DOT Assets



Bridges, tunnels, walls



Culverts and channels



Embankments and slopes



Buildings, signs, and towers

Geotechnical Timelines

• Scoping
• Pre-Design
• Final-Design
• Pre-Bid
• Pre-Construction
• Construction
• Post-Construction
• In Service
• Forensic/Litigation

Site Investigation

• Existing Information
• Exploration Geophysics
• Cone Penetration Testing
• SPT (Rotary Drilling, In-situ

testing, and Sampling)

• Quality Lab Testing
• Remote Sensing
• Performance Monitoring

Site Investigation

• Purpose

 Solve the Site Challenges

 Performance  Cost + Cost Estimates  Risk + Reliability

 Develop Requirements and

Specifications

 Means and Methods  Performance Specifications  Traditional and Alternative Procurement

Adding Project Value

The Project (Preliminary Design):

Adding Project Value

Site Characterization: Foundation Selection

Adding Project Value

Site Characterization: Foundation Selection

Adding Project Value: Geophysics

Foundation Selection: Information is needed for efficient + reliable design

Adding Project Value

Exploration Geophysics: Assessing site variability

Adding Project Value

Exploration Geophysics: Assessing site variability

Adding Project Value

Exploration Geophysics: Assessing site variability

Adding Project Value

Using additional tools in the geotechnical toolbox

Geophysics for preliminary design

• Project Scoping

Geophysics for preliminary design

• Improves geospatial assessment of variability



Provides useful information to “target” or compliment soundings/drilling



Fast and comparatively inexpensive

Geophysics for final design

US 53 Slope Stability Solution, Ash Lake, MN

Sheet eet Pile e End Sheet eet Pile e Start

769 770 771 772 773

DRIV IVEN P PIL ILE DRIL ILLED ED P PIL ILES ES SHEET HEET P PIL ILE EX E EXTENT Depth and location of sheeting & king piles

Geophysics for final design

Applying geophysics to pile design/layout

Geophysics for final design

BR 69656, US 53 @ Kohl’s, Duluth, MN

Geophysics for final design

Clearly showed the near-surface bedrock location and variability . The designers and contractors knew what to expect; the spread footing foundation was specifically designed to accommodate variable bedrock.

Geophysics for final design

Only electrical resistivity was used as the foundation investigation tool for this bridge

Geophysics for risk assessment

• Valuable screening technique



Systems can be selected and configured for optimum resolution with depth



Excellent for liner features such as roadways

Open Min ine Work

• rkings

Cone Penetration Testing (CPT)

Provides direct, electronic, in-situ geotechnical measurements for design Measurements can be used directly or to compliment borings and lab testing

• Speed

 Footage (150-500 ft. day); 3-10x faster

than hollow-stem borings

• Provides a near-continuous soil profile
• Quality: Very repeatable results
• Direct measurements*
• Many correlated parameters*
• Native electronic data [direct design]
• Reduced fleet size / smaller crew
• Increased safety

CPT (Cone Penetration Testing)

Benefits *Discussed shortly

CPT (Cone Penetration Testing)

Data is different from soil borings; it provides more, and higher quality , measurements

seismic video moisture/ conductivity tip sleeve pore pressure magnetometer

Frequent data acquisition provides a more continuous record of soil properties and

• stratigraphy. This is especially useful when directly importing into design software. Today

there are numerous correlations allowing the estimation of soil parameters.

CPT (Cone Penetration Testing)

Electronic data for input for computational modeling

CPT (Cone Penetration Testing)

Traditional boring information compared with the “squiggly lines” of CPT measurements

Whitewater Park (MN 74): The project was reported by engineers based on electronic CPT data sent by cell modem before the field crew returned to the office.

CPT (Cone Penetration Testing)

Efficient, high quality, site investigation Jay Cooke Park (MN 210): Timely and thorough investigations helped speed design.

Enhanced, Effective, Site Characterization

Using advanced geotechnical methods to better define site variability

• Geophysics



Many methods available



Minimally invasive



Economical



Excellent screening tool



MnDOT has been using for 10+ years on routine projects

• Cone Penetration Testing



Fast, efficient



Highly advantageous for providing multiple design parameters



MnDOT has been using for 15+ years on routine projects

• Proven Results



Performance



Cost/Budget



Time



Safety



Decision Making

• Applicability +

Availability



Program/Project



In-house/Consultant



Fed/State/County/City

Advanced Geotechnical Methods in Exploration: Enhanced, Effective, Site Characterization

Ce nte r fo r Ac c e le ra ting Inno va tio n

Imple me ntation Str ate gie s

• T

ra ining o n unfa milia r me tho ds a nd a pplic a tio n, de mo nstra tio ns, a nd pe e r e xc ha ng e

• Pro je c t le ve l inte g ra tio n – a ssista nc e a nd pe e r e xc ha ng e
• Asse ssing a nd q ua ntifying risk a nd va ria b ility
• Sc o ping , pha sing , c o ntra c ting (o r pe rfo rming ) wo rk
• Re duc ing , inte rpre ting , a pplying , re po rting / pre se nting

re sults

• Pro g ra m le ve l inte g ra tio n – a ssista nc e a nd pe e r e xc ha ng e
• E

sta b lish pro g ra m o b je c tive s a nd e xpe c ta tio ns

• Pro c e dure s, re q uire me nts, c o ntra c ting wo rk
• Use r Gro ups – le sso ns-le a rne d, kno wle dg e -sha ring , pra c tic e

impro ve me nts, sta nda rdiza tio n

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Ce nte r fo r Ac c e le ra ting Inno va tio n

Imple me ntation

Wha t do yo u wa nt to se e fro m impro ve d g e o te c hnic a l sub surfa c e pra c tic e ? Ho w c a n we he lp yo u b e st fo r pro je c t risks? Ho w c a n we he lp yo u b e st fo r impro ving de sig n, c o nstruc tio n a nd pe rfo rma nc e re lia b ility?

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Ce nte r fo r Ac c e le ra ting Inno va tio n

EDC-5 Funding Opportunities:

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 State Transportation Innovation Council (STIC) Incentive

 Up to $100,000 per STIC per year to standardize an innovation  https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/innovation/stic/

 Increased Federal-share for Project-level Innovation

 Up to 5% increase in federal share when new innovation is added to a project

 Accelerated Innovation Deployment (AID) Demonstration

 Up to $1 million available per year to deploy an innovation not routinely used  https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/innovation/grants/

Ce nte r fo r Ac c e le ra ting Inno va tio n

Innovation De ployme nt Ne ws

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We e kly ne wsle tte r Bi-mo nthly ma g a zine

T

• Subsc ribe :

E ma il: https:/ / www.fhwa .do t.g o v/ inno va tio n/ T e xt: Se nd “F

HWA Innova tion” to 468311