A framework for linking land use and A framework for linking land - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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A framework for linking land use and A framework for linking land - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Mar 09, 2024 115 likes •413 views

A framework for linking land use and A framework for linking land use and A framework for linking land use and A framework for linking land use and restoration to resource transport and restoration to resource transport and restoration to

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A framework for linking land use and A framework for linking land use and A framework for linking land use and A framework for linking land use and restoration to resource transport and restoration to resource transport and restoration to resource transport and restoration to resource transport and processing in stream corridors with processing in stream corridors with processing in stream corridors with processing in stream corridors with expansive hyporheic zones expansive hyporheic zones expansive hyporheic zones expansive hyporheic zones

Geoffrey Poole

  • S. Katie Fogg

Scott O’Daniel Byron Amerson Ann Marie Reinhold Sam Carlson Fluvial Landscape Lab, Montana State University

Confederated Umatilla Tribes

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Immediate post-restoration Pre-restoration 5 years post-restoration Meacham Creek, Oregon, USA

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Poole et al. Submitted. River Research and Applications.

Umatilla River, OR

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Poole et al. 2008. River Research and Applications.

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t p(t)

n m

  • tk+1

tk

minutes hours days weeks months Stream channel

Poole et al. In Preparation.

= flow x t ∝ ∝ ∝ ∝ tk+1 x t ∝ ∝ ∝ ∝ tk+2 storage

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SLIDE 6

k = -1.6

1 minute 1 hour 1 day 1 month 1 week

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Helton et al. 2012. J. Geophysical Research.

Nyack Floodplain Middle Fork Flathead River, MT

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k = -1.6

1 minute 1 hour 1 day 1 month 1 week

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Flow Direction

k ≈ -1.6 k ≈ -1.4 Meacham Creek, Oregon, USA

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7/1/2011 7/26/2011 8/30/2011

2m 3m

Saturated thickness of alluvial aquifer

Hyporheic zone increased from ~2m to ~3m in thickness

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1 minute 1 hour 1 day 1 month 1 week

Pre-restoration

k ≈ -1.4

Post-restoration

k ≈ -1.6 1 minute 1 hour 1 day 1 month 1 week

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Heat Model

  • Atmospheric heat exchange.
  • Advection of heat with water

among hyporheic “bins” and stream channel.

  • Storage of heat in gravel and

water within each bin based

  • n bin volume, specific heat
  • f water and sediment, and

aquifer porosity.

Stream channel Shortwave Longwave Sensible Latent

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Instantaneous rate of channel water temperature change (degC/hr)

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Instantaneous rate of channel water temperature change (degC/hr)

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Conclusion

  • Hydrology governs the transport and dynamics of

energy and solutes in linked riverine/hyporheic hydro-systems. Geomorphology governs the hydrology.

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Conclusions

  • The parsimony of hydrologic conceptual models

enhances or limits our ability to understand (and predict?) physical and biotic responses to land use change and restoration efforts.

minutes hours days weeks months Stream channel

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Helton et al. 2012. J. Geophysical Research.

Nyack Floodplain Middle Fork Flathead River, MT

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Parting thoughts

  • For hillslopes, “flow accumulation” and “upslope

accumulated area” are the dominant hydrologic paradigms.

  • How do the hydrologic assumptions embedded in

these concepts facilitate and limit our understanding of transport/processing?

  • How would our understanding change by

incorporating residence time distributions or other key aspects of “hydrologic reality?”

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OK, let’s review and consider where to go from here.

  • Again, this comes mostly from Geoff Poole at

Montana State University.

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minutes hours days weeks months Hyporheic Zone partitioned by water age Stream channel Water flow

Meacham Creek Restoration Site, OR

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Parameterization Parameterization Parameterization Parameterization

t p(t)

n m

area = 1

−

  • −
  • =

− + 1 − ( − ) ( − ) + 1 − ( − )

t p(>t)

n m

CDF(n) = 1

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Parameterization Parameterization Parameterization Parameterization

t CDF = p(>t)

n m

minutes hours days weeks months Stream channel

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Bin Statistics

Using estimates of:

  • k
  • Size of hyporheic

zone

  • porosity

1-5 mins 5-13 mins 13 - 28 mins 28 - 60 mins 1 - 2 hrs 2 - 4 hrs 4 - 8 hrs 8 - 16 hrs 16 - 32 hrs 1.4 – 2.8 days 2.8 – 5.6 days 5.6 – 11.2 days 1.6 – 3.2 weeks 3.2 – 6.4 weeks 1.5 – 3.0 months

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Bin Statistics

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Bin Statistics

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Bin Statistics

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Future Directions – Hydrologic controls on Biogeochemistry

4

O

NH4

+ + 2O2

NO3

  • + H2O + 2H +

1

N

4

H

1 N 3 O 2 H 1 O 2 H

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Biogeochemistry that we must learn to model accurately.

  • Methane oxidation
  • Aerobic heterotrophy
  • Denitrification
  • Sulfide oxidation
  • Nitrification
  • Sulfate Reduction
  • Methanogenesis
  • Biotic Assimilation of:

HS, NH4, SO4, DOM, NO3, CH4, CO2