(a,b) A (b,c) B C (c,d) D Clique Potential Representation - - PDF document

SLIDE 1 ✁ ✂✄ ☎ ✆ ✝✞ ✟ ✠ ✆ ✡ ✂ ✂ ☛ ☞ ✌ ✠ ✡ ✟ ✁ ✞ ✍ ✎ ✏ ✑ ✟ ✒ ✓ ✏ ✡ ✔ ✂ ✡ ✕ ✖ ✟ ✞ ✁ ✗ ✠ ✍ ✂ ✍ ✠ ✒ ✟✘ ✝ ✏ ✞ ✟ ✠ ✆ ✗ ✔ ✙ ✚ ✁ ✡ ✟ ✗ ✛ ✟ ☞ ☞ ✟ ✏ ✍ ✗ ✜ ✝ ✁ ✠ ✠ ☞ ✠ ✢ ✣ ✆ ✢ ✠ ✡ ✍ ✏ ✞ ✟ ✝ ✗ ✕ ✤ ✆ ✟ ✑ ✂ ✡ ✗ ✟ ✞ ✙ ✠ ✢ ✥ ✒ ✟ ✆ ✔ ☎ ✡ ✌ ✁ ✦ ✧ ★ ✩ ✪ ★ ✫ ✬ ✭ ✮ ✯ ✪ ✰ ✱ ✮ ✲✳ ✫ ✫ ✴ ✵ ✶ ✱ ✳ ✰ ✪ ★ ✷✸ ✹✺ ✻ ✼ ✻✽ ✼ ✻✾ ✻ ✿ ✻ ✼ ✽ ❀ ❁ ✻ ❂ ✻ ✼ ✽ ❀ ❃ ❄ ✼ ❃ ❅ ✾ ✻✽ ❀ ❁ ❅ ✼❆ ❇ ✺❈ ✾ ❉ ❅ ✼ ❊ ❅ ❈ ❃ ❄ ❇ ❆ ❂ ❁ ❋ ❊ ❅ ❂

• ❆

❇ ❆ ❅ ❂ ✽ ❀ ❍ ❈ ✽ ✼ ❁ ❆ ❂ ✽ ❀ ✾ ❅ ❂ ❁ ✼ ✽ ❃ ✺ ✾ ■ ✹✺ ✻ ❏ ❄ ❂ ❊ ❇ ❆ ❅ ❂ ✹ ✼ ✻ ✻ ❆ ✾ ❇ ✺ ✻ ❈ ❅ ✾ ❇ ❑ ✻ ❀ ❀▲ ❂ ❅ ❑ ❂ ■ ▼ ❄ ✾ ✻ ❉ ❄ ❀ ❇ ✺ ❆ ❂ ❁ ✽◆ ❅ ❄ ❇ ❇ ✺ ✻ ✽ ❀ ❁ ❅ ✼❆ ❇ ✺❈ ❆ ✾ ❇ ✺ ✽ ❇ ❇ ❃ ✼ ❅ ✿ ❆

• ✻

✾ ✽ ❂ ❄ ❃ ❃ ✻ ✼ ◆ ❅ ❄ ❂

• ❅

❂ ❇ ✺ ✻ ❊ ❅ ❈ ❃ ❄ ❇ ✽ ❇ ❆ ❅ ❂ ✽ ❀ ❊ ❅ ❈ ❃ ❀ ✻ ❖ ❆ ❇ P ■ ✹✺ ✻ ◆ ✻ ✾ ❇ ❇ ✺ ❆ ❂ ❁ ✽◆ ❅ ❄ ❇ ✽ ❁ ✻ ❂ ✻ ✼ ✽ ❀ ❃ ❄ ✼ ❃ ❅ ✾ ✻ ✽ ❀ ❁ ❅ ✼❆ ❇ ✺❈ ❆ ✾ ❇ ✺ ✽ ❇ ❇ ✺ ✻ ✼ ✻ ❆ ✾ ❂ ❅ ❀ ❅ ❂ ❁ ✻ ✼ ✽ ❂ P ❂ ✻ ✻

• ❅

❃ ❄ ◆ ❀ ❆ ✾ ✺ ✽ ✾ ✻ ❃ ✽ ✼ ✽ ❇ ✻ ❃ ✽ ❃ ✻ ✼ ✻ ❖ ❃ ❀ ✽ ❆ ❂ ❆ ❂ ❁ ✺ ❅ ❑ ❇ ❅

• ✻

✽ ❀ ❑ ❆ ❇ ✺ ✻ ✽ ❊ ✺ ❂ ✻ ❑ ❈ ❅

• ✻

❀ ◗ ❇ ✺ ✻ ❏ ✹ ▼ ❁ ✻ ❂ ✻ ✼ ✽ ❀ ❆ ✾ ✻ ✾ ❂ ✻ ✽ ✼ ❀ P ✽ ❀ ❀ ❇ ✺ ✻ ❃ ❅ ❃ ❄ ❀ ✽ ✼ ❃ ✼ ✻ ✿ ❆ ❅ ❄ ✾ ✾ ❃ ✻ ❊ ❆ ✽ ❀ ❊ ✽ ✾ ✻ ✽ ❀ ❁ ❅ ✼❆ ❇ ✺ ❈ ✾ ■ ❘ ✻ ✽

• ❆

❂ ❁ ❙ ❏ ❅ ✼

• ✽

❂ ❊ ✺ ✽ ❃ ❇ ✻ ✼❚ ❯ ❱ ❲ ✵ ✰ ❳ ✭ ✫ ❨ ✱ ✪ ✫ ✮ ✪ ✰ ❩ ✵❬ ✫ ❭ ✳ ✫❪ ✫ ✮ ✪ ❩ ✪ ✰ ✱ ✮ ❫ ❴ ❪ ✫ ✳ ❵ ✫ ✪ ★ ❩ ✪ ❛ ✱ ✳ ❴ ✱ ✪ ★ ❜ ✰ ✳ ✫ ✯ ✪ ✫ ❜ ❩ ✮ ❜ ✭ ✮ ❜ ✰ ✳ ✫ ✯ ✪ ✫ ❜ ✶ ✳ ❩ ❭ ★ ❪ ❝ ✪ ★ ✫ ❞ ✱ ✰ ✮ ✪ ❭ ✳ ✱ ❴ ❩ ❴ ✰ ✵ ✰ ✪ ✩ ✰ ❪ ✰ ✮ ❩ ❭ ✳ ✱ ❜ ✭ ✯ ✪ ❛ ✱ ✳ ✷❡ ✧ ✫ ✯ ❩ ✮ ✰ ✮ ✪ ✫ ✳ ❭ ✳ ✫ ✪ ✪ ★ ✫ ❲ ❨ ✲ ❪ ✰ ✮ ❢ ❣❤ ✐❥❦ ✐ ❢ ✶ ✳ ❩ ❭ ★ ❪ ❩ ❪ ❭ ✱ ✪ ✫ ✮ ✪ ✰ ❩ ✵ ❛ ✭ ✮ ✯ ✪ ✰ ✱ ✮ ❪ ❡ ❧ ❩ ❪ ✰ ✯ ✰ ❜ ✫ ❩ ✰ ❪ ✪ ✱ ✳ ✫ ❭ ✳ ✫❪ ✫ ✮ ✪ ❩ ✮ ✩ ✶ ✳ ❩ ❭ ★ ❩ ❪ ❩ ❭ ✳ ✱ ❜ ✭ ✯ ✪ ✱ ❛ ✯ ✵ ✰ ❳ ✭ ✫ ❭ ✱ ✪ ✫ ✮ ✪ ✰ ❩ ✵ ❪ ❡ ♠ ♥ ✴ ♦ ❪ ❩ ✮ ❜ ❨ ✱ ✪ ✫ ✮ ✪ ✰ ❩ ✵ ❪ ♣ ❅ ❂ ✾ ❆

• ✻

✼ ❇ ✺ ✻ ❉ ❅ ❀ ❀ ❅ ❑ ❆ ❂ ❁

• ❆

✼ ✻ ❊ ❇ ✻

• ❆

✾ ❇ ✼❆ ◆ ❄ ❇ ❆ ❅ ❂ q ❋ r s t s ✉ s ✈ ❍①✇ q ❋ r ② t ❍ q ❋ t ② ✉ ❍ q ❋ ✉ ② ✈ ❍ q ❋ ✈ ❍ ✇ ③ ❋ r s t ❍ ③ ❋ t s ✉ ❍ ③ ❋ ✉ s ✈ ❍ ❑ ✺ ✻ ✼ ✻ ③ ❋ r s t ❍ ✇ q ❋ r ② t ❍ ④ ③ ❋ t s ✉ ❍ ✇ q ❋ t ② ✉ ❍ ④ ③ ❋ ✉ s ✈ ❍①✇ q ❋ ✉ ② ✈ ❍ q ❋ ✈ ❍ ✹✺ ✻ ⑤ ❅ ❆ ❂ ❇

• ❆

✾ ❇ ✼❆ ◆ ❄ ❇ ❆ ❅ ❂ ❆ ✾ ❇ ✺ ✻ ❂ ❑ ✼❆ ❇ ❇ ✻ ❂ ✽ ✾ ✽ ❃ ✼ ❅

• ❄

❊ ❇ ❅ ❉ ❊ ❀ ❆ ⑥ ❄ ✻ ❃ ❅ ❇ ✻ ❂ ❇ ❆ ✽ ❀ ✾ ■

A

Clique Potential Representation Directed Representation

D C B

Ψ(a,b) Ψ(c,d) Ψ(b,c)

✹✺ ✻ ❆

• ✻

✽ ◆ ✻ ✺ ❆ ❂

• ❇

✺ ✻ ❏ ✹ ▼ ❆ ✾ ❇ ❅

• ✻

⑦ ❂ ✻ ✽ ❃ ❅ ❇ ✻ ❂ ❇ ❆ ✽ ❀ ✼ ✻ ❃ ✼ ✻ ✾ ✻ ❂ ❇ ✽ ❇ ❆ ❅ ❂ ✾ ❄ ❊ ✺ ❇ ✺ ✽ ❇ ④ ❊ ❅ ❄ ❃ ❀ ✻

• ❑

❆ ❇ ✺ ✽ ✾ ❄ ❆ ❇ ✽ ◆ ❀ ✻ ✽ ❀ ❁ ❅ ✼ ❆ ❇ ✺ ❈ ④ ❇ ✺ ✻ ✻ ⑧ ✻ ❊ ❇ ❑ ❆ ❀ ❀ ◆ ✻ ❇ ✺ ✽ ❇ ❊ ❀ ❆ ⑥ ❄ ✻ ❈ ✽ ✼ ❁ ❆ ❂ ✽ ❀ ✾ ❊ ✽ ❂ ◆ ✻ ✼ ✻ ✽

• ❅

⑧ ❇ ✺ ✻ ❁ ✼ ✽ ❃ ✺

• ❆

✼ ✻ ❊ ❇ ❀ P ■ ⑨

SLIDE 2

• ✱

✳ ❩ ✵ ♦ ✳ ❩ ❭ ★ ❪ ✁ ✻ ❇ ✾ ✼ ✻ ❃ ✼ ✻ ✾ ✻ ❂ ❇ ❇ ✺ ✻ ❉ ❅ ❀ ❀ ❅ ❑ ❆ ❂ ❁ ✂ ▼ ✄ ✽ ✾ ✽ ❃ ✼ ❅

• ❄

❊ ❇ ❅ ❉ ❊ ❀ ❆ ⑥ ❄ ✻ ❃ ❅ ❇ ✻ ❂ ❇ ❆ ✽ ❀ ✾ ❙

B C

p(c|a,b) p(a) p(b)

A

B C

(a,c) Ψ (b,c) Ψ =

A A B C

(a,b,c) Ψ =

✹ ❅ ✻ ❂ ✾ ❄ ✼ ✻ ❇ ✺ ✽ ❇ ✽ ❂ ❅

• ✻

✽ ❂

• ❆

❇ ✾ ❃ ✽ ✼ ✻ ❂ ❇ ✾ ✽ ✼ ✻ ❆ ❂ ❇ ✺ ✻ ✾ ✽ ❈ ✻ ❊ ❀ ❆ ⑥ ❄ ✻ ④ ❑ ✻ ✺ ✽ ✿ ✻ ❇ ❅ ☎ ✆ ✝ ✝ ✞ ❇ ✺ ✻ ❃ ✽ ✼ ✻ ❂ ❇ ✾ ◗ ☎ ✟ ✝ ✆ ✠✡ ☛ ✆☞ ✡ ✟ ✌ ■ ✍ ✴

• ✱

✳ ❩ ✵✎ ✏ ❩ ✷ ❭ ✵ ✫ ✪ ✱ ✭ ❪ ❩ ✵ ✵

A B C E F D

▼ ❉ ❇ ✻ ✼ ❈ ❅ ✼ ✽ ❀ ❆ ✾ ✽ ❇ ❆ ❅ ❂ ④ ❑ ✻ ❁ ✻ ❇ ❇ ✺ ✻ ❉ ❅ ❀ ❀ ❅ ❑ ❆ ❂ ❁ ❄ ❂

• ❆

✼ ✻ ❊ ❇ ✻

• ❁

✼ ✽ ❃ ✺

A B C E F D

✹✺ ✻ ❃ ✼ ❅

• ❄

❊ ❇ ❅ ❉ ❊ ❀ ❆ ⑥ ❄ ✻ ❃ ❅ ❇ ✻ ❂ ❇ ❆ ✽ ❀ ✾ ❆ ✾ q ❋ r s t s ✉ s ✈ s ✑ s ✒ ❍①✇ ③ ❋ r s t s ✉ ❍ ③ ❋ ✉ s ✈ s ✑ ❍ ③ ❋ ✈ s ✑ s ✒ ❍ ❑ ✺ ✻ ✼ ✻ ③ ❋ r s t s ✉ ❍①✇ q ❋ r ❍ q ❋ t ❍ q ❋ ✉ ② r s t ❍ ④ ③ ❋ ✉ s ✈ s ✑ ❍①✇ q ❋ ✈ ② ✉ ❍ q ❋ ✑ ② ✉ ❍ ④ ③ ❋ ✈ s ✑ s ✒ ❍ ✇ q ❋ ✒ ② ✈ s ✑ ❍ ✓ ❲ ✵ ✰ ❳ ✭ ✫ ✲ ✳ ✫ ✫❪ ❩ ✮ ❜ ✔ ✫ ❭ ❩ ✳ ❩ ✪ ✱ ✳ ❪ ▼ ❊ ❀ ❆ ⑥ ❄ ✻ ❇ ✼ ✻ ✻ ❆ ✾ ✽ ❂ ❋ ❄ ❂

• ❆

✼ ✻ ❊ ❇ ✻

• ❍

❇ ✼ ✻ ✻ ❅ ❉ ❊ ❀ ❆ ⑥ ❄ ✻ ✾

d,e c a,b,c c,d,e d,e,f

✕ ✽ ✼❆ ✽ ◆ ❀ ✻ ✾ ✾ ✺ ✽ ✼ ✻

• ◆

P ❂ ✻ ❆ ❁ ✺ ◆ ❅ ❄ ✼❆ ❂ ❁ ❊ ❀ ❆ ⑥ ❄ ✻ ✾ ✽ ✼ ✻

• ✼

✽ ❑ ❂ ❆ ❂ ❇ ✺ ✻ ☛✖ ✗ ✆ ✝ ✆☞ ✟ ✝ ✾ ✻ ❇ ✾ ❆ ❂ ◆ ❀ ❄ ✻ ■ ✘✙ ✖ ✗ ✟ ☞ ✖ ✌ ☞ ✡ ✆ ✠ ✝ ✖ ✗ ✝ ✖ ☛✖ ✌ ☞ ✆ ☞ ✡ ✟ ✌ ✟ ✚ ✆✛ ✠✡ ✜ ✢ ✖ ☞ ✝ ✖ ✖ ✡ ☛ ☞ ✙ ✖ ✗ ✝ ✟✣ ✢ ✛ ☞ ✟ ✚ ☞ ✙ ✖ ✛ ✠✡ ✜ ✢ ✖ ✗ ✟ ☞ ✖ ✌ ☞ ✡ ✆ ✠ ☛ ✤ ✣ ✡✥ ✡ ✣ ✖ ✣ ✦ ✞ ☞ ✙ ✖ ✗ ✝ ✟✣ ✢ ✛ ☞ ✟ ✚ ☞ ✙ ✖ ☛✖ ✗ ✆ ✝ ✆ ☞ ✟ ✝ ✗ ✟ ☞ ✖ ✌ ☞ ✡ ✆ ✠ ☛ ✧ q ❋ ★ ❍①✇ ✩ ✪ ③ ✪ ❋ ★ ✪ ❍ ✩ ✫✭✬ ✫ ❋ ★ ✫ ❍ ✮ ✌ ✡ ☞ ✡ ✆ ✠ ✠ ✞ ✤ ✆ ✠ ✠ ☛✖ ✗ ✆ ✝ ✆☞ ✟ ✝ ✗ ✟ ☞ ✖ ✌ ☞ ✡ ✆ ✠ ☛ ✆ ✝ ✖ ☛✖ ☞ ☞ ✟ ✯ ✧ ✰ ❲ ✱ ✮ ❪ ✰ ❪ ✪ ✫ ✮ ✯ ✩ ✱ ❂ ❅ ✼

• ✻

✼ ❇ ✺ ✽ ❇ ❇ ✺ ✻ ❊ ❀ ❆ ⑥ ❄ ✻ ✾ ❊ ❅ ❂ ❇ ✽ ❆ ❂ ✽ ❀ ❀ ❆ ❂ ❉ ❅ ✼ ❈ ✽ ❇ ❆ ❅ ❂ ✼ ✻ ⑥ ❄ ❆ ✼ ✻

• ❉

❅ ✼ ❈ ✽ ✼ ❁ ❆ ❂ ✽ ❀ ✾ ❅ ❉ ❇ ✺ ✻ ✿ ✽ ✼❆ ✽◆ ❀ ✻ ✾ ❆ ❂ ❇ ✺ ✻ ❊ ❀ ❆ ⑥ ❄ ✻ ④ ❑ ✻ ❂ ✻ ✻

• ❇

❅ ✻ ❂ ❉ ❅ ✼ ❊ ✻✛ ✟ ✌ ☛ ✡ ☛ ☞ ✖ ✌ ✛ ✞ ■ ✹✺ ✽ ❇ ❆ ✾ ④ ❆ ❉ ❊ ❀ ❆ ⑥ ❄ ✻ ✲ ❋ ❊ ❅ ❂ ❇ ✽ ❆ ❂ ❆ ❂ ❁ ✽ ✾ ✻ ❇ ❅ ❉ ✿ ✽ ✼❆ ✽◆ ❀ ✻ ✾ ❍ ✽ ❂

• ❊

❀ ❆ ⑥ ❄ ✻ ✳ ✾ ✺ ✽ ✼ ✻ ✿ ✽ ✼❆ ✽◆ ❀ ✻ ✾ ✴ ④ ❇ ✺ ✻ ❈ ✽ ✼ ❁ ❆ ❂ ✽ ❀ ✾ ❅ ❂ ❇ ✺ ✻ ❆ ✼ ✾ ✻ ❃ ✽ ✼ ✽ ❇ ❅ ✼ ✾ ❈ ❄ ✾ ❇ ◆ ✻ ✻ ⑥ ❄ ✽ ❀ ■

Ψ( Φ( Ψ(

S) V) W)

✵ ✻ ❂ ✻ ✻

• ✶

✷ ✸ ✫ ③ ❋ ✲ ❍①✇ ✬ ❋ ✴ ❍ ✇ ✶ ✹ ✸ ✫ ③ ❋ ✳ ❍ ■ ✺

SLIDE 3 ✴ ❴ ❪ ✱ ✳ ❭ ✪ ✰ ✱ ✮ ▼ ◆ ✾ ❅ ✼ ❃ ❇ ❆ ❅ ❂ ❃ ✽ ✾ ✾ ✻ ✾ ✽

• ❈

✻ ✾ ✾ ✽ ❁ ✻ ✁ ❉ ✼ ❅ ❈ ❅ ❂ ✻ ❂ ❅

• ✻

❇ ❅ ✽ ❂ ❅ ❇ ✺ ✻ ✼ ❙

Ψ( Φ( Ψ(

S) V) W) * * W absorbs from V

③ ✂ ❋ ✳ ❍①✇ ③ ❋ ✳ ❍ ✄ ☎ ✆ ✫ ✝ ✄ ✆ ✫ ✝ ④ ❑ ✺ ✻ ✼ ✻ ✬ ✂ ❋ ✴ ❍ ✇ ✶ ✷ ✸ ✫ ③ ❋ ✲ ❍ ✞ ❆ ❈ ❆ ❀ ✽ ✼ ❀ P ④ ✽ ❉ ❇ ✻ ✼ ❃ ✽ ✾ ✾ ❆ ❂ ❁ ✽ ❈ ✻ ✾ ✾ ✽ ❁ ✻ ❅ ❂ ✻ ❑ ✽ P ④ ❑ ✻ ❃ ✽ ✾ ✾ ❆ ❇ ❇ ✺ ✻ ❅ ❇ ✺ ✻ ✼ ❙

Ψ( Φ( Ψ(

S) V) W) * ** ** V absorbs from W

③ ✂ ✂ ❋ ✲ ❍①✇ ③ ✂ ❋ ✲ ❍ ✄ ☎ ☎ ✆ ✫ ✝ ✄ ☎ ✆ ✫ ✝ ④ ❑ ✺ ✻ ✼ ✻ ③ ✂ ❋ ✲ ❍ ✇ ③ ❋ ✲ ❍ ✽ ❂

• ✬

✂ ✂ ❋ ✴ ❍①✇ ✶ ✹ ✸ ✫ ③ ✂ ❋ ✳ ❍ ✹✺ ❆ ✾ ✻ ❂ ✾ ❄ ✼ ✻ ✾ ✛ ✟ ✌ ☛ ✡ ☛ ☞ ✖ ✌ ✛ ✞ ❙ ✶ ✷ ✸ ✫ ③ ✂ ✂ ❋ ✲ ❍①✇ ✬ ✂ ✂ ❋ ✴ ❍①✇ ✶ ✹ ✸ ✫ ③ ✂ ❋ ✳ ❍ ■ ▼ ❀ ✾ ❅ ④ ✟ ✆ ✷ ✝ ✟ ✆ ✹ ✝ ✄ ✆ ✫ ✝ ✇ ✟ ☎ ☎ ✆ ✷ ✝ ✟ ☎ ☎ ✆ ✹ ✝ ✄ ☎ ☎ ✆ ✫ ✝ ❑ ✺ ✻ ✼ ✻ ③ ✂ ✂ ❋ ✳ ❍①✇ ③ ✂ ❋ ✳ ❍ ❑ ✺ ❆ ❊ ✺ ❈ ✽ ❆ ❂ ❇ ✽ ❆ ❂ ✾ ❇ ✺ ✻ ❊ ❀ ❆ ⑥ ❄ ✻ ❇ ✼ ✻ ✻ ✼ ✻ ❃ ✼ ✻ ✾ ✻ ❂ ❇ ✽ ❇ ❆ ❅ ❂ ❅ ❉ ❇ ✺ ✻ ❁ ✼ ✽ ❃ ✺ ■ ✠ ❨ ✳ ✱ ❭ ❩ ✶ ❩ ✪ ✰ ✱ ✮ ✱ ✮ ❲ ✵ ✰ ❳ ✭ ✫ ✲ ✳ ✫ ✫❪ ✡ ❅

• ✻

✲ ❊ ✽ ❂ ✾ ✻ ❂

• ✻

❖ ✽ ❊ ❇ ❀ P ❅ ❂ ✻ ❈ ✻ ✾ ✾ ✽ ❁ ✻ ❇ ❅ ✽ ❂ ✻ ❆ ❁ ✺ ◆ ❅ ❄ ✼ ✳ ④ ✽ ❂

• ❆

❇ ❈ ✽ P ❅ ❂ ❀ P ◆ ✻✾ ✻ ❂ ❇ ❑ ✺ ✻ ❂ ✲ ✺ ✽ ✾ ✼ ✻ ❊ ✻ ❆ ✿ ✻

• ✽

❈ ✻ ✾ ✾ ✽ ❁ ✻ ❉ ✼ ❅ ❈ ✻ ✽ ❊ ✺ ❅ ❉ ❆ ❇ ✾ ❅ ❇ ✺ ✻ ✼ ❂ ✻ ❆ ❁ ✺ ◆ ❅ ❄ ✼ ✾ ■ ✵ ✻ ❊ ❅ ❂ ❇ ❆ ❂ ❄ ✻ ❇ ✺ ❆ ✾ ❄ ❂ ❇ ❆ ❀ ✽ ❈ ✻ ✾ ✾ ✽ ❁ ✻ ✺ ✽ ✾ ◆ ✻ ✻ ❂ ❃ ✽ ✾ ✾ ✻

• ❆

❂ ◆ ❅ ❇ ✺

• ❆

✼ ✻ ❊ ❇ ❆ ❅ ❂ ✾ ✽ ❀ ❅ ❂ ❁ ✻ ✿ ✻ ✼ P ❀ ❆ ❂ ▲ ■

F C E B A D 1 7 8 9 10 6 2 3 4 5

✦ ☛ ✴ ❭ ✳ ✱ ❴ ✵ ✫ ✷ ☞ ✰ ✪ ★ ❲ ✵ ✰ ❳ ✭ ✫ ✲ ✳ ✫ ✫❪ ♣ ❅ ❂ ✾ ❆

• ✻

✼ ❇ ✺ ✻ ❉ ❅ ❀ ❀ ❅ ❑ ❆ ❂ ❁ ❁ ✼ ✽ ❃ ✺ ✽ ❂

• ✽

❊ ❅ ✼ ✼ ✻ ✾ ❃ ❅ ❂

• ❆

❂ ❁ ❊ ❀ ❆ ⑥ ❄ ✻ ❇ ✼ ✻ ✻

C A B A,C C,D B,D A,B D

✌ ✽ ❃ ❃ ✻ ✽ ✼ ✾ ❆ ❂ ❇ ❑ ❅ ❂ ❅ ❂ ✍ ❂ ✻ ❆ ❁ ✺ ◆ ❅ ❄ ✼❆ ❂ ❁ ❊ ❀ ❆ ⑥ ❄ ✻ ✾ ■ ✹✺ ✻ ✼ ✻ ❆ ✾ ❂ ❅ ❁ ❄ ✽ ✼ ✽ ❂ ❇ ✻ ✻ ❇ ✺ ✽ ❇ ❈ ✽ ✼ ❁ ❆ ❂ ✽ ❀ ❅ ❂ ✌ ❆ ❂ ❇ ✺ ✻ ✾ ✻ ❇ ❑ ❅ ❊ ❀ ❆ ⑥ ❄ ✻ ✾ ✾ ✺ ❅ ❄ ❀

• ◆

✻ ✻ ⑥ ❄ ✽ ❀ ④ ❆ ■ ✻ ✶ ✎ ③ ❋ ✏ s ✌ ❍ ✇ ✶ ✑ ③ ❋ ✌ s ✒ ❍ ✹✺ ✽ ❇ ❆ ✾ ④ ✠ ✟ ✛ ✆ ✠ ❊ ❅ ❂ ✾ ❆ ✾ ❇ ✻ ❂ ❊ P

• ❅

✻ ✾ ❂ ❅ ❇ ❂ ✻ ❊ ✻ ✾ ✾ ✽ ✼❆ ❀ P ❆ ❈ ❃ ❀ P ✓ ✠ ✟ ✦ ✆ ✠ ❊ ❅ ❂ ✾ ❆ ✾ ❇ ✻ ❂ ❊ P ■ ✹ ✼❆ ✽ ❂ ❁ ❄ ❀ ✽ ✼❆ ✾ ✽ ❇ ❆ ❅ ❂ ❃ ✼ ❅ ✿ ❆

• ✻

✾ ✽ ✾ ❅ ❀ ❄ ❇ ❆ ❅ ❂ ■ ✦ ✦ ✲ ✳ ✰ ❩ ✮ ✶ ✭ ✵ ❩ ✳ ✰ ❪ ❩ ✪ ✰ ✱ ✮ ✱ ❂ ✽ ❇ ✼ ❆ ✽ ❂ ❁ ❄ ❀ ✽ ❇ ✻

• ❁

✼ ✽ ❃ ✺ ④ ✽ ❀ ❀ ❀ ❅ ❅ ❃ ✾ ❊ ❅ ❂ ❇ ✽ ❆ ❂ ❆ ❂ ❁ ✔ ❅ ✼ ❈ ❅ ✼ ✻ ❂ ❅

• ✻

✾ ❊ ❅ ❂ ❇ ✽ ❆ ❂ ✽ ❊ ✺ ❅ ✼

• ❙

D B C A B,C,D A,B,C A C B D

▼ ❊ ❀ ❆ ⑥ ❄ ✻ ❇ ✼ ✻ ✻ ❉ ❅ ✼ ✽ ❇ ✼ ❆ ✽ ❂ ❁ ❄ ❀ ✽ ❇ ✻

• ❁

✼ ✽ ❃ ✺ ✺ ✽ ✾ ❇ ✺ ✻ ✝ ✢ ✌ ✌ ✡ ✌ ✓ ✡ ✌ ☞ ✖ ✝ ☛✖ ✛ ☞ ✡ ✟ ✌ ✗ ✝ ✟ ✗ ✖ ✝ ☞ ✞ ❙ ❆ ❉ ✽ ❂ ❅

• ✻

✽ ❃ ❃ ✻ ✽ ✼ ✾ ❆ ❂ ❇ ❑ ❅ ❊ ❀ ❆ ⑥ ❄ ✻ ✾ ④ ❆ ❇ ✽ ❃ ❃ ✻ ✽ ✼ ✾ ✻ ✿ ✻ ✼ P ❑ ✺ ✻ ✼ ✻ ❅ ❂ ❇ ✺ ✻ ❃ ✽ ❇ ✺ ◆ ✻ ❇ ❑ ✻ ✻ ❂ ❇ ✺ ✻ ❊ ❀ ❆ ⑥ ❄ ✻ ✾ ■ ✘✙ ✢ ☛ ✠ ✟ ✛ ✆ ✠ ✛ ✟ ✌ ☛ ✡ ☛ ☞ ✖ ✌ ✛ ✞ ✡ ☎ ✗ ✠✡ ✖ ☛ ✓ ✠ ✟ ✦ ✆ ✠ ✛ ✟ ✌ ☛ ✡ ☛ ☞ ✖ ✌ ✛ ✞ ♣ ❀ ❆ ⑥ ❄ ✻ ❇ ✼ ✻ ✻ ✾ ❑ ❆ ❇ ✺ ❇ ✺ ❆ ✾ ❃ ✼ ❅ ❃ ✻ ✼ ❇ P ✽ ✼ ✻ ❊ ✽ ❀ ❀ ✻

• ✕

✢ ✌ ✛ ☞ ✡ ✟ ✌ ✘ ✝ ✖ ✖ ☛ ✦ ❱

SLIDE 4 ✲ ★ ✫ ✬ ✭ ✮ ✯ ✪ ✰ ✱ ✮ ✲✳ ✫ ✫ ✴ ✵ ✶ ✱ ✳ ✰ ✪ ★ ✷

• ✟

✝ ✆ ✠✡ ☛✖ ☞ ✙ ✖ ✓ ✝ ✆ ✗ ✙ ❋ ❈ ✽ ✼ ✼ P ✽ ❂ P ❃ ✽ ✼ ✻ ❂ ❇ ✾ ❍ ✘ ✝ ✡ ✆ ✌ ✓ ✢ ✠ ✆ ☞ ✖ ☞ ✙ ✖ ✓ ✝ ✆ ✗ ✙ ❋ ✽

• ❊

✺ ❅ ✼

• ✾

❉ ❅ ✼ ❀ ❅ ❅ ❃ ✾ ✁ ✔ ❍ ✂ ✝ ✟ ✗ ✆ ✓ ✆☞ ✖ ☞ ✙ ✖ ☎ ✖ ☛ ☛ ✆ ✓ ✖ ☛ ✹✺ ✻ ❊ ❅ ❈ ❃ ❄ ❇ ✽ ❇ ❆ ❅ ❂ ✽ ❀ ❊ ❅ ❈ ❃ ❀ ✻ ❖ ❆ ❇ P ❅ ❉ ❇ ✺ ✻ ❏ ✹ ▼

• ✻

❃ ✻ ❂

• ✾

❅ ❂ ❇ ✺ ✻ ❊ ❀ ❆ ⑥ ❄ ✻ ✾ ❆ ✄ ✻ ✾ ◗ ❊ ✽ ❀ ❊ ❄ ❀ ✽ ❇ ❆ ❂ ❁ ✺ ✻ ❂ ✻ ❑ ✾ ✻ ❃ ✽ ✼ ✽ ❇ ❅ ✼ ❃ ❅ ❇ ✻ ❂ ❇ ❆ ✽ ❀ ✾ ✼ ✻ ⑥ ❄ ❆ ✼ ✻ ✾ ✾ ❄ ❈ ❈ ✽ ❇ ❆ ❅ ❂ ❅ ✿ ✻ ✼ ❇ ✺ ✻ ✾ ❇ ✽ ❇ ✻ ✾ ❅ ❉ ✿ ✽ ✼❆ ✽ ◆ ❀ ✻ ✾ ❂ ❅ ❇ ✾ ✺ ✽ ✼ ✻

• ◆

P ✽ ❊ ❀ ❆ ⑥ ❄ ✻ ✽ ❂

• ✽

❂ ✽ ✾ ✾ ❅ ❊ ❆ ✽ ❇ ✻

• ✾

✻ ❃ ✽ ✼ ✽ ❇ ❅ ✼ ■ ✱ ❂ ❇ ✺ ❆ ✾ ✾ ✻ ❂ ✾ ✻ ④ ✛ ✟ ☎ ✗ ✢ ☞ ✆☞ ✡ ✟ ✌ ✆ ✠ ☛ ✛ ✆ ✠ ✖ ☛ ✖ ☎ ✗ ✟ ✌ ✖ ✌ ☞ ✡ ✆ ✠ ✠ ✞ ✆ ✡ ☞ ✙ ✛ ✠✡ ✜ ✢ ✖ ☛ ✡✝ ✖ ■ ✡ ❅ ❇ ✻ ❇ ✺ ✽ ❇ ❇ ✺ ✻ ❆ ❂ ❂ ❅ ❊ ✻ ❂ ❇ ✽ ❃ ❃ ✻ ✽ ✼❆ ❂ ❁ ✞ ❅ ✼ ✽ ❀ ❆ ✾ ✽ ❇ ❆ ❅ ❂ ✽ ❂

• ✹

✼❆ ✽ ❂ ❁ ❄ ❀ ✽ ✼❆ ✾ ✽ ❇ ❆ ❅ ❂ ✞ ❇ ✻ ❃ ✾ ❊ ✽ ❂ ❀ ✻ ✽

• ❅

❈ ❅ ❂ ✾ ❇ ✼ ❅ ❄ ✾ ❀ P ❀ ✽ ✼ ❁ ✻ ❊ ❀ ❆ ⑥ ❄ ✻ ✾ ❆ ✄ ✻ ✾ ❆ ❂ ❇ ✺ ✻ ❏ ❄ ❂ ❊ ❇ ❆ ❅ ❂ ✹ ✼ ✻ ✻ ■ ✦ ♠ ✴ ✮ ✎ ✏ ❩ ✷ ❭ ✵ ✫ ✱ ❛ ✪ ★ ✫ ✬ ✲ ✴

D A C I H G F E B A I H G F D C B E

• ✟

✝ ✆ ✠✡ ☛ ✡ ✌ ✓ ❀ ❆ ❂ ▲ ✾ ✽ ✼ ✻ ✾ ✺ ❅ ❑ ❂ ❆ ❂ ◆ ❀ ❄ ✻ ■ ✘ ✝ ✡ ✆ ✌ ✓ ✢ ✠ ✆☞ ✡ ✟ ✌ ❀ ❆ ❂ ▲ ✾ ❆ ❂ ✼ ✻

• ■

♣ ❀ ❆ ⑥ ❄ ✻ ✾ ✽ ✼ ✻ ✾ ❆ ✄ ✻ ✔ ■ ✦ ⑨ ✟ ✰ ❜ ❜ ✫ ✮

• ❩

✳ ✠ ✱ ❵

• ✱

❜ ✫ ✵ ❪ ✡ ❅ ❃ ❄ ❀ ✽ ✼

• ❆

✾ ❊ ✼ ✻ ❇ ✻ ❇ ❆ ❈ ✻ ✾ ✻ ✼❆ ✻ ✾ ❈ ❅

• ✻

❀ ✾

yT y3 q3 y2 q2 y1 q1 qT

π A A A B B B B

☛✌☞ ✺ ❆

• ✻

❂ ✾ ❇ ✽ ❇ ✻ ✽ ❇ ❇ ❆ ❈ ✻✍ ■ ♣ ✽ ❂ ◆ ✻ ❆ ❂ ❅ ❂ ✻ ❅ ❉ ✎ ✾ ❇ ✽ ❇ ✻ ✾ ✏ ☞ ❅ ❄ ❇ ❃ ❄ ❇ ✑ ✿ ❆ ✾ ❆ ◆ ❀ ✻ ✾ ❇ ✽ ❇ ✻ ✽ ❇ ❇ ❆ ❈ ✻ ✍ ■ ♣ ✽ ❂ ◆ ✻ ❆ ❂ ❅ ❂ ✻ ❅ ❉ ✲ ✾ ❇ ✽ ❇ ✻ ✾ ✹✺ ❆ ✾ ✂ ▼ ✄ ❆ ✾ ❉ ❄ ❀ ❀ P

• ✻

✾ ❊ ✼❆ ◆ ✻

• ◆

P ✹ ✼ ✽ ❂ ✾ ❆ ❇ ❆ ❅ ❂ ❈ ✽ ❇ ✼❆ ❖ ✏ ✒ ✓ ✇ q ❋ ☛✔☞ ✕ ✖ ✇ ✗ ② ☛✔☞ ✇ ✘ ❍ ✙ ❈ ❆ ✾ ✾ ❆ ❅ ❂ ✑ ♣ ❅ ❂ ❉ ❄ ✾ ❆ ❅ ❂ ❈ ✽ ❇ ✼❆ ❖ ✚ ✒ ✓ ✇ q ❋ ✏ ☞ ✇ ✗ ② ☛✌☞ ✇ ✘ ❍ ✡ ✼❆ ❅ ✼ ✿ ✻ ❊ ❇ ❅ ✼ ✛ ✓ ✇ q ❋ ☛ ✖ ✇ ✘ ❍ ✦ ✍ ✬ ✲ ✴ ❛ ✱ ✳ ✟

• ❪

✵ ✺ ✽ ❇ ❆ ✾ q ❋ ☛ ✖ ❍ s q ❋ ☛✢✜ ❍ ✣ ✣ ✣ q ❋ ☛✤☞ ❍ ❁ ❆ ✿ ✻ ❂ ❇ ✺ ✽ ❇ ❇ ✺ ✻ ✿ ❆ ✾ ❆ ◆ ❀ ✻ ✾ ✽ ✼ ✻ ❊ ❀ ✽ ❈ ❃ ✻

• ✥

✹✺ ✻ ✦ ✞ ✞ ❆ ✾ ✽ ❀ ✼ ✻ ✽

• P

❈ ❅ ✼ ✽ ❀ ❆ ✾ ✻

• ✽

❂

• ❇

✼❆ ✽ ❂ ❁ ❄ ❀ ✽ ✼❆ ✾ ✻

• qT

q3 q2 q1 y2 y1 yT y3

✦ ✓

SLIDE 5 ✬ ✲ ✴ ❩ ✮ ❜ ✪ ★ ✫

• ✱

✳ ☞ ❩ ✳ ❜✂✁ ❧ ❩ ✯ ✠ ☞ ❩ ✳ ❜ ✴ ✵ ✶ ✱ ✳ ✰ ✪ ★ ✷ ❛ ✱ ✳ ✟

• ❪

▼ ❏ ❄ ❂ ❊ ❇ ❆ ❅ ❂ ✹ ✼ ✻ ✻ ❉ ❅ ✼ ❇ ✺ ✻ ✦ ✞ ✞ ❆ ✾ ❙

q1,q2 q2,q3

5 4 3 2 1

q2,q3 y2,q2 y1,q1 y3,q3

▼ ❉ ❅ ✼ ❑ ✽ ✼

• ✾

❑ ✻ ✻ ❃ ❆ ✾ ❈ ✽

• ✻

❇ ❅ ❇ ✺ ✻ ✻ ❂

• ❋

✾ ✺ ❅ ❑ ❂ ❆ ❂ ◆ ❀ ❄ ✻ ❍ ④ ❉ ❅ ❀ ❀ ❅ ❑ ✻

• ◆

P ✽ ◆ ✽ ❊ ▲ ❑ ✽ ✼

• ✾

❑ ✻ ✻ ❃ ❂ ❅ ❇ ✾ ✺ ❅ ❑ ❂ ❍ ④ ❉ ✼ ❅ ❈ ❇ ✺ ✻ ❅ ❇ ✺ ✻ ✼ ✻ ❂

• ■

✹ ✺ ✻ ❏ ✹ ▼ ✄ ❊ ❀ ✽ ✾ ✾ ❆ ❊ ✚ ✟ ✝ ✆ ✆ ✝ ✣ ☎ ✦ ✆ ✛ ✆ ✆ ✆ ✝ ✣ ✽ ❀ ❁ ❅ ✼❆ ❇ ✺❈ ■ ✦ ✰ ✔ ✫ ✯ ✱ ✮ ❜ ❫ ✳ ❜ ✫ ✳ ✟

• ✵

✻ ❊ ✽ ❂❀ ❅ ❅ ▲ ✽ ❇ ❈ ❅ ✼ ✻ ❊ ❅ ❈ ❃ ❀ ✻ ❖ ❇ ❆ ❈ ✻

• ✻

❃ ✻ ❂

• ✻

❂ ❊ ❆ ✻ ✾ ❆ ❂ ❇ ✺ ✻ ✺ ❆

• ✻

❂ ✿ ✽ ✼❆ ✽ ◆ ❀ ✻ ✾ ❙

q1 y1 y4 q4 y3 q3 y2 q2

✂ ✼ ✽ ❑ ❇ ✺ ✻ ✹ ✼❆ ✽ ❂ ❁ ❄ ❀ ✽ ❇ ✻

• ✄

✼ ✽ ❃ ✺ ❋ ✽ ❀ ✼ ✻ ✽

• P

❈ ❅ ✼ ✽ ❀ ❆ ✾ ✻

• ❍

④ ✽ ❂

• ✽

❏ ❄ ❂ ❊ ❇ ❆ ❅ ❂ ✹ ✼ ✻ ✻ ■

zzz zzz

✦ ✺ ❲ ✱ ✷ ❭ ✭ ✪ ✰ ✮ ✶ ☞ ✰ ✪ ★ ❩ ✯ ✱ ✮ ❪ ✰ ❪ ✪ ✫ ✮ ✪ ✬ ✭ ✮ ✯ ✪ ✰ ✱ ✮ ✲✳ ✫ ✫ ▼ ❉ ❇ ✻ ✼ ❊ ✽ ✼ ✼ P ❆ ❂ ❁ ❅ ❄ ❇ ❇ ✺ ✻ ❅ ❃ ✻ ✼ ✽ ❇ ❆ ❅ ❂ ✾ ❅ ❉ ✞ ❅ ✼ ✽ ❀ ❆ ✾ ✽ ❇ ❆ ❅ ❂ ④ ✹ ✼❆ ✽ ❂ ❁ ❄ ❀ ✽ ✼❆ ✾ ✽ ❇ ❆ ❅ ❂ ✽ ❂

• ✡

✼ ❅ ❃ ✽ ❁ ✽ ❇ ❆ ❅ ❂ ④ ❑ ✻ ✽ ✼ ✻ ❀ ✻ ❉ ❇ ❑ ❆ ❇ ✺ ✽ ❂ ✻ ❑ ✼ ✻ ❃ ✼ ✻ ✾ ✻ ❂ ❇ ✽ ❇ ❆ ❅ ❂ ❅ ❉ ❇ ✺ ✻ ❅ ✼❆ ❁ ❆ ❂ ✽ ❀ ❁ ✼ ✽ ❃ ✺ ■ ✦ ❅ ❑

• ❅

❑ ✻ ❄ ✾ ✻ ❇ ✺ ❆ ✾ ✼ ✻ ❃ ✼ ✻ ✾ ✻ ❂ ❇ ✽ ❇ ❆ ❅ ❂ ❇ ❅ ⑦ ❂

• ❈

✽ ✼ ❁ ❆ ❂ ✽ ❀ ✾ ④ ✙ ■ ❁ ■ q ❋ r ❍ ✥ ✵ ✻ ❑ ❆ ❀ ❀ ✾ ✺ ❅ ❑ ❇ ✺ ✽ ❇ ❇ ✺ ✻ ❃ ❅ ❇ ✻ ❂ ❇ ❆ ✽ ❀ ❅ ❉ ✽ ❊ ❀ ❆ ⑥ ❄ ✻ ❆ ❂ ❇ ✺ ❆ ✾ ❂ ✻ ❑ ✼ ✻ ❃ ✼ ✻ ✾ ✻ ❂ ❇ ✽ ❇ ❆ ❅ ❂ ❆ ✾ ❇ ✺ ✻ ❈ ✽ ✼ ❁ ❆ ❂ ✽ ❀

• ❆

✾ ❇ ✼❆ ◆ ❄ ❇ ❆ ❅ ❂ ❅ ❉ ❇ ✺ ✻ ❁ ✼ ✽ ❃ ✺ ❉ ❅ ✼ ❇ ✺ ❅ ✾ ✻ ✿ ✽ ✼❆ ✽ ◆ ❀ ✻ ✾ ❆ ❂ ❇ ✺ ✽ ❇ ❊ ❀ ❆ ⑥ ❄ ✻ ■ ✦ ✠ ❲ ❩ ✵ ✯ ✭ ✵ ❩ ✪ ✰ ✮ ✶

• ❩

✳ ✶ ✰ ✮ ❩ ✵ ❪ ❛ ✳ ✱ ✷ ❩ ✯ ✱ ✮ ❪ ✰ ❪ ✪ ✫ ✮ ✪ ✬ ✭ ✮ ✯ ✪ ✰ ✱ ✮ ✲ ✳ ✫ ✫ ♣ ❅ ❂ ✾ ❆

• ✻

✼ ✽ ❁ ✼ ✽ ❃ ✺ ❑ ❆ ❇ ✺ ❇ ❑ ❅ ❊ ❀ ❆ ⑥ ❄ ✻ ✾ ④ ✲ ④ ✳ ✽ ❂

• ✾

✻ ❃ ✽ ✼ ✽ ❇ ❅ ✼ ✴ ④ q ✇ ③ ❋ ✲ ❍ ③ ❋ ✳ ❍

Ψ( Φ( Ψ(

S) V) W)

▼ ❉ ❇ ✻ ✼ ❇ ✺ ✻ ❏ ✹ ▼ ④ ❇ ✺ ✻ ❇ ✽◆ ❀ ✻ ✾ ✽ ❂

• ✾

✻ ❃ ✽ ✼ ✽ ❇ ❅ ✼ ✾ ❁ ✻ ❇ ❈ ❅

• ❆

⑦ ✻

• ④

✽ ❂

• ❑

✻ ❊ ✽ ❂ ❑ ✼❆ ❇ ✻ q ✇ ✟ ☎ ☎ ✆ ✷ ✝ ✟ ☎ ☎ ✆ ✹ ✝ ✄ ☎ ☎ ✆ ✫ ✝ ✹ ❅ ❊ ✽ ❀ ❊ ❄ ❀ ✽ ❇ ✻ ❇ ✺ ✻ ❈ ✽ ✼ ❁ ❆ ❂ ✽ ❀ ❅ ❂ ❇ ✺ ✻ ✿ ✽ ✼❆ ✽◆ ❀ ✻ ✾ ✳ ④ q ❋ ✳ ❍①✇ ✶ ✷ ✸ ✫ q ❋ ✲ s ✳ ❍①✇ ✶ ✷ ✸ ✫ ✟ ☎ ☎ ✆ ✷ ✝ ✟ ☎ ☎ ✆ ✹ ✝ ✄ ☎ ☎ ✆ ✫ ✝ ✇ ✄ ☎ ☎ ✆ ✫ ✝ ✄ ☎ ☎ ✆ ✫ ✝ ③ ✂ ✂ ❋ ✳ ❍ ✇ ③ ✂ ✂ ❋ ✳ ❍ ✞ ✽ ✼ ❁ ❆ ❂ ✽ ❀ ✾ ❑ ❆ ❇ ✺ ❆ ❂ ✽ ❊ ❀ ❆ ⑥ ❄ ✻ ❂ ✻ ✻

• ❇

❅ ◆ ✻ ❊ ✽ ❀ ❊ ❄ ❀ ✽ ❇ ✻

• ◆

P ✻ ❖ ❃ ❀ ❆ ❊ ❆ ❇ ❈ ✽ ✼ ❁ ❆ ❂ ✽ ❀ ❆ ✾ ✽ ❇ ❆ ❅ ❂ ❅ ❉ ❇ ✺ ✻ ❏ ❄ ❂ ❊ ❇ ❆ ❅ ❂ ✹ ✼ ✻ ✻ ♣ ❀ ❆ ⑥ ❄ ✻ ❃ ❅ ❇ ✻ ❂ ❇ ❆ ✽ ❀ ■ ❱ ☛

SLIDE 6 ♥ ✫ ❩ ✵ ✰ ✮ ✶ ☞ ✰ ✪ ★ ✎ ❵ ✰ ❜ ✫ ✮ ✯ ✫

• ✥

✡ ✣ ✖ ✌ ✛ ✖ ❆ ✾ ✾ ❇ ✼ ✽ ❆ ❁ ✺ ❇ ❉ ❅ ✼ ❑ ✽ ✼

• ❇

❅

• ✻

✽ ❀ ❑ ❆ ❇ ✺ ❙ ✵ ✻ ❈ ❅

• ❆

❉ P ❇ ✺ ✻ ❃ ❅ ❇ ✻ ❂ ❇ ❆ ✽ ❀ ✾ ❆ ❂ ❇ ✺ ✻ ❅ ✼ ❆ ❁ ❆ ❂ ✽ ❀ ❁ ✼ ✽ ❃ ✺ ④ ✾ ✻ ❇ ❇ ❆ ❂ ❁ ✽ ❂ P ❂ ❅

• ✻

✾ ❇ ❅ ❇ ✺ ✻ ❆ ✼ ✻ ✿ ❆

• ✻

❂ ❇ ❆ ✽ ❀ ✿ ✽ ❀ ❄ ✻ ✾ ■ ✹✺ ✻ ❏ ✹ ▼ ❆ ✾ ❇ ✺ ✻ ❂ ❊ ✽ ✼ ✼❆ ✻

• ❅

❄ ❇ ✽ ✾ ◆ ✻ ❉ ❅ ✼ ✻ ④ ❑ ❆ ❇ ✺ ❇ ✺ ✻ ✼ ✻ ✾ ❄ ❀ ❇ ❇ ✺ ✽ ❇ ❇ ✺ ✻ ❊ ❀ ❆ ⑥ ❄ ✻ ❃ ❅ ❇ ✻ ❂ ❇ ❆ ✽ ❀ ✾ ❅ ❂ ✺ ✻ ❊ ❅ ❂ ✾ ❆ ✾ ❇ ✻ ❂ ❇ ❏ ❄ ❂ ❊ ❇ ❆ ❅ ❂ ✹ ✼ ✻ ✻ ❊ ❅ ❂ ❇ ✽ ❆ ❂ ❇ ✺ ✻ ❈ ✽ ✼ ❁ ❆ ❂ ✽ ❀

• ❆

✾ ❇ ✼❆ ◆ ❄ ❇ ❆ ❅ ❂ ✾ ❅ ❉ ❇ ✺ ✻ ✿ ✽ ✼❆ ✽◆ ❀ ✻ ✾ ❆ ❂ ✺ ✽ ❇ ❊ ❀ ❆ ⑥ ❄ ✻ ④ ❊ ❅ ❂

• ❆

❇ ❆ ❅ ❂ ✽ ❀ ❅ ❂ ✽ ❂ P ✻ ✿ ❆

• ✻

❂ ❊ ✻ ■ ❱ ✦ ✁ ✮ ✪ ✳ ❩ ✯ ✪ ❩ ❴ ✵ ✫ ♦ ✳ ❩ ❭ ★ ✰ ✯ ❩ ✵

• ✱

❜ ✫ ✵ ❪ ✕ ✻ ✼ P ✻ ✽ ✾ P ❇ ❅ ✼ ❄ ❂ ❆ ❂ ❇ ❅ ❀ ✽ ✼ ❁ ✻ ❏ ❄ ❂ ❊ ❇ ❆ ❅ ❂ ✹ ✼ ✻ ✻ ❊ ❀ ❆ ⑥ ❄ ✻ ✾ ④ ❈ ✽ ▲ ❆ ❂ ❁ ❇ ✺ ✻ ❁ ✼ ✽ ❃ ✺ ❆ ❂ ❇ ✼ ✽ ❊ ❇ ✽ ◆ ❀ ✻ ❇ ❅ ❊ ❅ ❈ ❃ ❄ ❇ ✻ ❑ ❆ ❇ ✺ ❋ ❄ ✾ ❆ ❂ ❁ ❇ ✺ ✻ ❏ ✹ ▼ ❍ ■ ✵ ✺ ✽ ❇ ❊ ✽ ❂ ❑ ✻

• ❅

✽◆ ❅ ❄ ❇ ❇ ✺ ❆ ✾ ✥ ✞ ❅ ❂ ❇ ✻ ♣ ✽ ✼ ❀ ❅ ✾ ✽ ❈ ❃ ❀ ❆ ❂ ❁ ❋ ✾ ❇ ❅ ❊ ✺ ✽ ✾ ❇ ❆ ❊ ❇ ✻ ❊ ✺ ❂ ❆ ⑥ ❄ ✻ ❍ ✕ ✽ ✼❆ ✽ ❇ ❆ ❅ ❂ ✽ ❀ ✹ ✻ ❊ ✺ ❂ ❆ ⑥ ❄ ✻ ✾ ◗ ✞ ✻ ✽ ❂ ✂ ❆ ✻ ❀

• ✹✺

✻ ❅ ✼ P ❋

• ✻

❇ ✻ ✼ ❈ ❆ ❂ ❆ ✾ ❇ ❆ ❊ ❇ ✻ ❊ ✺ ❂ ❆ ⑥ ❄ ✻ ❍ ✡ ✻ ✼ ❇ ❄ ✼ ◆ ✽ ❇ ❆ ❅ ❂ ❇ ✻ ❊ ✺ ❂ ❆ ⑥ ❄ ✻ ✾ ❋

• ✻

❇ ✻ ✼ ❈ ❆ ❂ ❆ ✾ ❇ ❆ ❊ ❍ ♣ ❅ ❂ ✾ ❆ ✾ ❇ ✻ ❂ ❊ P ❇ ✻ ❊ ✺ ❂ ❆ ⑥ ❄ ✻ ✾ ◗ ✁ ❅ ❅ ❃ P ✄ ✻ ❀ ❆ ✻ ❉ ✡ ✼ ❅ ❃ ✽ ❁ ✽ ❇ ❆ ❅ ❂ ✡ ❅

• ❊

❅ ✼ ✼ ✻ ❊ ❇ ✁ ❑ ✽ P ❇ ❅ ✼ ✻ ✾ ❅ ❀ ✿ ✻ ❆ ❂ ❇ ✼ ✽ ❊ ❇ ✽◆ ❆ ❀ ❆ ❇ P ■ ✄ ❅ ❅

• ✽

❃ ❃ ✼ ❅ ✽ ❊ ✺ ❂ ✻ ✻

• ✾

❇ ❅◆ ✻ ❇ ✽ ❆ ❀ ❅ ✼ ✻

• ❇

❅ ❇ ✺ ✻ ❁ ✼ ✽ ❃ ✺■ ❱ ❱